Overview of Swine Industry in the Philippines

1. Margie Lumanggaya-Bibat,MSA

2. Hog Zoological Scheme
Kingdom : Animalia
Phylum : Chordata
Class : Mammalia
Order : Artiodactyla
Family : Suidae
Genus : Sus
Species : Scrofa/vittatus
Sub-species : domesticus
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3. Sus Scrofa
• is a wild hog of continental Europe from which
most domestic swine have been derived.
Sus vittatus
• was the chief, if not the only species of the East
Indian pig that contributed to domestic swine.
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4. Advantage of Swine Production
• Pigs have the advantage of being prolific breeders
• Commercial pig farming creates employment
• Pigs have a high food conversion ratio
• Pigs have a faster growth rate
• Pigs are highly adaptable and easy to farm
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5. Disadvantage of Swine Production
• Probability in terms of production is limited or
threatened due to piglet mortality
• Susceptibility to diseases
• Returns take time
• Foul smell
• Noise making
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7. The Philippine Native Swine
• Indigenous animals belong to a large undefined
population of individuals without any uniform
traits usually ascribed to a breed.
• the local pig or Philippine Native pig belongs to
the category, as they are small and lack the
anatomical symmetry of standard breeds.
• General characteristics: small and late maturing,
mostly sold black or black and white have small
ears, sway back and with weak pasterns.
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8. The Philippine Native Swine
Other scientific name:
• Luzon Warty pig : Sus philippinensis
• Palawan Bearded pig : Sus barbatus
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9. The Philippine Native Swine
Philippine warty pig Visayan warty pig
Palawan bearded pig
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10. Purebreeds
• Landrace
• Yorkshire/Large white
• Duroc
• Pietrain
• Hampshire
• Berkshire
• Poland of China
• Other Purebreeds
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11. 1. Landrace
Origin Characteristics Disadvantage
• First landrace
swine was
developed in
Denmark for the
production of high
quality bacon.
• the landrace breed is white
in color, although black
skin spots or freckles are
rather common.
• It is known as the longest
breed of swine (16 to 17
ribs)
• This breed is known for its
prolificacy and mothering
ability under Philippine
condition
• Weak legs and
pasterns especially
on the hind legs
depending on the
country of origin
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12. 1. Landrace
MALE FEMALE
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13. 2. Yorkshire/Large white
Origin Characteristics Disadvantage
• English bacon breed
which had its origin in
Yorkshire and
neighboring countries
in Northern England.
It was developed by
selection and crossing
with Leicester hog
which was a white
hog.
• The present Large
white was developed
in England
• Yorkshire should be entirely
white in color.
• Yorkshire sows are noted as
good mothers (Mother
Breed).
• They not only farrow or
raise large litters, but are
great milkers.
• The pigs are excellent
foragers and compare
favorably with those of any
other breed in economy of
grains.
• Some individuals
in this herd are
relatively short
and with big bely
and they tend to
develop carcasses
with excess back
fat.
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14. 2. Yorkshire/Large white
MALE FEMALE
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15. 3. Duroc
Origin Characteristics Performance Disadvantage
• The Duroc
breed of
hogs had its
origin in the
eastern
United
States and
in the Corn
belt.
• Duroc has solid
colors, ranging from
very high light golden
to very dark red that
approaches the color
of mahogany,
medium in size. The
length of its legs is
proportional to the
depth and length of
its body.
• Duroc is considered
a superior breed in
terms of growth rate
and feed efficiency. It
has a good muscle
quality and is
probably the most
resistant to stress.
• Some individuals have
a strong tendency to
have a well arched
back which is
undesirable because
this animal do not say
long in the breeding
herd.
• Unsound front and
hind legs that may
lead to stiff gilt or
lameness are also
encountered in some
animals.
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16. 3. Duroc
FEMALE
MALE
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17. 4. Pietrain
Origin Characteristics Disadvantage
• Pietrain,
Belgium, the
village from
which the
breed takes its
name, was the
birthplace of
the breed.
• This breed may be
appropriately called the
“muscle” pigs because it is
well-known for its
outstanding muscle
development in the ham,
loin and shoulder.
• The backfat is very thin.
The motherly ability is well
within acceptable level.
• Because of the relatively
well-muscled ham, the
number one problem of
this breed is usually
weakness of the hind legs
which do not develop as
fast as the ham muscle.
• This breed is also known
for being a slow grower and
being highly susceptible to
stress.
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18. 4. Pietrain
FEMALE
MALE
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19. 5. Hampshire
Origin Characteristics Performance Disadvantage
• Hampshire breed
traces its origin to
Southern England
• But the first
Hampshire Swine
Record was
organized in Boone
country Kentucky,
just across the
Ohio River from
Cincinnati.
• The most striking
characteristic of the
Hampshire is the
white blet around the
shoulder and body
including the foreleg.
• Feed efficiency,
length and ham-
loin percent of
this breed is
excellent.
• Low liter size at birth
and at weaning, poor
mothering ability
and latte maturing.
Being black is also
an objection because
it is associated with
thick backfat and
with difficulty in
dressing/cleaning
during slaughtering.
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20. 5. Hampshire
FEMALE
MALE
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21. 6. Berkshire
Origin Characteristics Disadvantage
• South Central
England,
principally in
the countries of
Berkshire and
Wiltshire.
• The distinct peculiarity of
the Berkshire breed is the
short and sometimes
upturned nose.
• The color is black with six
white points, four white
feet, one point on the
forehead; and another on
the switch of the tail.
• This breed has a small
litter size at birth and at
weaning, late maturing,
thick backfat and the black
skin.
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22. 6. Berkshire
FEMALE
MALE
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23. 7. Poland of China
Origin Characteristics
• South western Ohio in the
fertile area known as the
Miami Valley. It is also
known as the “Hot Type” of
“big type Poland China.”
• Modem Poland China is black in
color with six distinct white points,
the four feet, poll of the head and
switch of the tail.
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24. 7. Poland of China
FEMALE
MALE
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25. 8. List of other Purebreds
a. Spotted
b. Limousine
c. Chester white
d. Hereford
e. Taniworth
f. Large black
g. Chinese Taihu pigs
 Funjiang
 Meishan
 Janxiang black
 Erhualan
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26. Spotted
FEMALE
MALE
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27. • Black with white spots
• White with black spots
• Small drooping ears
• Outdoor production (rugged)
• “Spot” boars are aggressive breeders
• Considered too fat for commercial production
Spotted
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28. Limousine
FEMALE
MALE
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29. • very lively and alert Iberian breed of pig is
accustomed to foraging for its food in the wild.
• white with black marks of varying sizes.
• two black patches, one on the head and the other
on the rump.
• body is stout, broad and supported by long and
strong limbs.
Limousine
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30. Chester white
FEMALE
FEMALE
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31. Chester white
• “Chesters”
• White breed with small drooping ears
• named for chester country, PA
• Combination of Yorkshire, Lincolnshire and
Cumberland genetics.
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32. Hereford
FEMALE
MALE
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33. • usually have a docile temperament.
• Their quiet nature, friendly behavior and docile
temperament are good for the young people and
for the new pig farmers.
• They grow relatively faster and reach maturity
earlier.
• They usually reach about 90-110 kg within their
five or six months of age.
Hereford
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34. Tamworth
FEMALE
MALE
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35. Tamworth
• very hardy animal and is suited to an outdoor system.
• The ginger coat protects the breed from sunburn.
• Average Litter Size in 2009 was around 7.80 piglets and in common
with all rare breed pigs the Tamworth sow is known to be a good
mother.
• docile pig but it is more active than many rare breed pigs and
requires strong fencing.
• good breed for rooting and does well in a woodland based system.
• A long legged, lean pig.
• Sows weigh around 260kg and boars, 320kg.
• Their coat is a distinctive ginger coat.
• They have prick ears a long snout and alert expression.
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36. Large black
FEMALE
MALE
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37. • With its lop ears and long, deep body, the Large
Black is Britain's only all-black pig.
• Extremely docile, and very hardy, it is ideally
suited to simple outdoor systems.
• These characteristics, coupled with its black skin,
make the Large Black ideal for a wide range of
climatic conditions.
Large black
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38. Chinese Taihu pigs
• Funjiang
• Meishan
• Janxiang black
• Erhualan
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39. Funjiang
FEMALE
MALE
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40. Meishan
• From China, considered Taihu pigs, deriving their name
from the Taihu Lake.
• Slow growing and fat, but have a very good taste,
resistant to some diseases
• The Meishan breed is known for its wrinkled face and
skin.
• Meishan pigs are perhaps one of the most prolific breeds
of pig in the world.
 Large litter size of 15-16 pigs
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42. Janxiang black
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43. Erhualan
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44. Upgrades
• Upgrading: native pigs bred with foreign breeds
 Diani – upgrade of native pigs (Batangas) with
Berkshire
 Kaman – upgrade of native pig (Batangas) with
Duroc
 Berkjala – 5/8 Berkshire and 3/8 Jalajala pig
(Rizal)
 Miracle Pig – ½ Large white ¼ Landrace ¼ Native
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45. Diani
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46. Berkjala
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47. REFERENCES:
• https://genolomu.wordpress.com/2019/09/16/5-
advantages-of-pig-farming/
• https://alchetron.com/Philippine-warty-pig
• https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sus_Barbatus,_t
he_Bornean_Bearded_Pig_(12616351323).jpg
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visayan_warty_pig
• https://www.apnikheti.com/en/pn/livestock/pig/landrace
• https://www.indiamart.com/proddetail/female-landrace-
breeding-pigs-19178023488.html
• http://afs.okstate.edu/breeds/swine/yorkshire/
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48. REFERENCES:
• https://petpigworld.com/duroc-pigs-the-essential-guide//
• https://www.facebook.com/permalink.php?id=1449018402
067977&story_fbid=2350584841911324
• https://geomedia.top/pietro-breed-pigs/
• http://www.pietrain-pigs.co.uk
• https://www.brinkgenetics.com/swine/females.html
• http://www.blackdiamondberkshires.com/selection.html
• https://www.nepork.org/breeds-of-swine-berkshire/
• https://alchetron.com/Poland-China#poland-china-
26424861-ed15-4209-88f7-fd63fed4376-resize-750.jpeg
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49. REFERENCES:
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-
CPXBQlyRwQ&app=desktop
• https://cpsswine.com/spotted/spotted-breed-guidelines/
• https://sites.google.com/site/txshowswine/home/pig-
breed-type-info
• https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-limousin-pig-a-
french-breed-adult-standing-on-flowers-111487175.html
• https://zulinkxagrovet.blogspot.com/2020/03/exotic-
breeds-of-pig-what-you-need-to.html?m=1
• https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/47780446027297936/
• http://knowledgebase.lookseek.com/Tamworth-Pig.html
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50. REFERENCES:
• https://www.tamworthswine.org/tamworth-history/
• https://www.britishpigs.org.uk/large-black
• http://www.pocketfarm.co.uk/large-black-pigs-the-gentle-
giants/
• https://www.thepigsite.com/focus/advertiser/3660/the-
different-breeds-of-swine-large-black-large-black-pig-breed-
large-black-gilts-sows-and-boars
• https://corvabella.wordpress.com/2016/08/09/taihu-pigs/
• https://www.researchgate.net/figure/The-Erhualian-and-
White-Duroc-phenotypes-Erhualian-pigs-right-panel-are-
obese-and_fig1_51127623
50
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51. • https://www.petmapz.com/breed/fengjing-pig/
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meishan_pig
• https://www.petmapz.com/breed/beijing-black-pig/
• http://lipa-city.philippineslisted.com/pets-animals/native-
berkshire-pigs_725027.html
• http://afs.okstate.edu/breeds/swine/philippinenative/index.
html/
• http://levithinktion.blogspot.com/2016/06/philippine-
native-pigs-profitable-and.html
• https://www.rbst.org.uk/tamworth
• https://slideplayer.com/slide/3858353/
REFERENCES:
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52. • tiser/3660/the-different-breeds-of-
swinewww.thepigsite.com/focus/adver-large-black-large-
black-pig-breed-large-black-gilts-sows-and-boars
• Green Empire Licensure Examination Reviewer for
Agriculturist
REFERENCES:
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53. STUDENT LEARNING ACTIVITIES:
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54. • Watch the video on slide 53 entitled “5 Reasons Why
Pork Is Bad For Your Health | You won't Believe”.
• After watching the video, make a reaction paper using
the following instructions:
 Discussion includes an introduction, body,
conclusion, and cite the reference.
 One page
 double spacing,
 Arial font
 Must consist of 100 words and three paragraph
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STUDENT LEARNING ACTIVITIES:

55. MLBibat2020 55