Breeds of swine

Breeds of swine

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  BREEDS OF SWINE MargieLumanggaya-Bibat, MSA
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  The Philippine NativeSwine • Indigenous animals belong to a large undefined population of individuals without any uniform traits usually absorbed to a breed. • The local pig or Philippine Native pig belongs to the category, as they are small and lack the anatomical symmetry of standard breeds. • General characteristics: Small and late maturing, mostly solid black and white have small ears, sway back and with weak pasterns.
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  Philippine native pig Origin: •Sus celebenensis philippinensis Nehring • Sus celebenensis negrinus Sanborn • Sus barbatus ahoenobarbus Huet Other Scientific Name • Sus philippinensis Luzon Warty pig • Sus barbatusPalawan Bearded pig
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  Luzon warty pigBearded pig
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  Purebreeds •bred from membersof a recognized breed, strain, or kind without admixture of other blood over many generations.
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  Purebreeds •Landrace •Yorkshire/Large white •Duroc •Pietrain •Hampshire • Berkshire •Poland of China
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  List of OtherPurebreeds •Spotted Chinese Taihu pigs •Limousine -Funjang •Chester white -Meishang •Hereford -Janxiang black •Taniworth -Erhualian • Large black
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  Landrace • Origin –first landrace swine was developed in Denmark for the production of high quality bacon. • Characteristics  white in color, although black skin spots or freckles are rather common.  known as the longest breed of swine (16 to 17 ribs)  prolific and good mothering ability under Philippine condition. • Disadvantage  weak legs and pasterns especially on the hind leg. Some strains of landrace have narrow body and long legs depending on the country of origin.
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  FEMALE MALE
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  Yorkshire/Large white • Origin– English bacon breed which has its origin in Yorkshire and neighboring countries in Northern England. It was developed by selection and crossing with Leicester hog which was a white dog. • The present Large white was developed in England. • Characteristics  Entirely white in color.  Noted as good mothers (Mother breed)  They not only farrow or raise large white • Disadvantages  Some individuals in this herd are relatively short and with big belly and they tend to develop carcasses with excess backfat.
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  MALE FEMALE
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  Duroc • Origin –Eastern United States and in the Corn Belt. • Characteristics  Solid colors, ranging from very high light golden to very dark red that approaches the color of mahogany.  The head is small in proportion to the body and the jowl is medium in size.  The length of its legs is proportional to the depth and length of its body. • Performance  considered a superior breed in terms of growth rate and feed efficiency.  has good muscle quality and is probably the most resistant to stress. • Disadvantage  some individuals have a strong tendency to have a well arched back which is undesirable because this animal do not stay long in the breeding herd.  unsound front and hind legs that may lead to stiff gilt or lameness are also encountered in some animals.
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  MALE FEMALE
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  Pietrain • Origin –Pietrain, Belgium, the village from which the breed takes its name, was the birthplace of the breed. • Characteristics  This breed may be appropriately called the ‘muscle” pigs because it is well known for its outstanding muscle development in the ham, join and shoulder. • Disadvantage  because of relatively well- muscled ham, the number one problem of this breed is usually weakness of the hind legs which do not develop as fast as the ham muscle.  this breed is also known for being a slow grower and being highly susceptible to tress.
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  MALE FEMALE
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  Hampshire • Origin –this breed traces its origin to Southern England • But the first Hampshire Swine record was original in Boone country Kentucky, just across the Ohio River from Cincinnati. • Characteristics  the most striking characteristics of the Hampshire is the white belt around the shoulder and body including the foreleg. • Performance  feed efficiency, length and ham-bin percent of this breed is excellent. • Disadvantage  low litter size at birth and at weaning, poor mothering ability and latte maturing. Being black is also an objection because it is associated with thick backfat is also an objection because it is associated with thick backfat and with difficulty in dressing/cleaning during slaughtering.
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  MALE FEMALE
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  Berkshire • Origin –South central England, principally in the countries of Berkshire and Wiltshire. • Characteristics  the distinct pecullarity of the Berkshire breed is the short and sometimes upturned nose.  the color is black with six white points, four white feet, one point on the forehead; and another on the switch of the tail. • Disadvantage  this breed has a small litter size at birth and at weaning, late maturing, thick backfat and the black skin.
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  MALE FEMALE
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  Poland of China •Origin – South-western Ohio in the fertile area known as the Miami Valley. It is also known as the “Hot type” of “Big type Poland of China.” • Characteristics  Modern Poland China is black in color with six distinct white points, the four feet, poll of the head and switch of the tail.
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  MALE FEMALE
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  List of OtherPurebreeds
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  Spotted • Origin –Central Indiana • Characteristics  large, black-and-white spots.  Spots are known for their feed efficiency, rate of gain and carcass quality.  Spotted females for their productivity, docility and durability. • Disadvantage  don’t do well in extremely hot, sunny climates because of their propensity toward sunburn. They weren’t raised for those conditions.  can be tough to find
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  MALE FEMALE
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  Limousine • Origin –western Massif Central • Characteristics  very lively and alert Iberian breed of pig is accustomed to foraging for its food in the wild.  It is white with black marks of varying sizes.  There are two black patches, one on the head and the other on the rump.  Its body is stout, broad and supported by long and strong limbs.
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  MALE FEMALE
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  Chester White • Origin– Chester County, Pa., United States of America from which their name was formed. • Characteristics  A large overall appearance with fatty characteristics and features but with relatively thinner but stout legs; the head is big and has overlapping ears  White, pinkish white  Docile  tail are long and twisted
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  MALE FEMALE
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  Hereford • Origin –domestic pig from United States. • It is also called Hereford Hog, and it was named for it’s color and pattern. The color pattern of this breed is similar to that of the Hereford cattle breed, red with a white face. • Characteristics  Their face is of white color and is of medium length which is slight dished. They have a medium sized dropping ears.  an active and hardy animal. well suited for both intensive and extensive pig farming system, and the breed also do well in a wide variety of climates.  usually have a docile temperament.  Their quiet nature, friendly behavior and docile temperament are good for the young people and for the new pig farmers.
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  MALE FEMALE
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  Tamworth • Origin –Ireland where they were known as “Irish Grazers”, being given that name due to the fact that they were such wonderful foragers. • Characteristics  They were long of limb, long in the snout and flat in the rib.  They were active, hardy, good rustlers, and very prolific, but they were slow feeders and late in maturing. an active and hardy animal. well suited for both intensive and extensive pig farming system, and the breed also do well in a wide variety of climates.  usually have a docile temperament.  Their quiet nature, friendly behavior and docile temperament are good for the young people and for the new pig farmers.
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  MALE FEMALE
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  Large Black • Origin– East Anglia. • developed primarily from Chinese breeds brought into England in the late 1800's. • After 1900, the Large Black became well-known outside of its native region and spread throughout Great Britian. • Characteristics large, just slightly smaller than Yorkshires, and always black. They have long heads and straight faces, with lop ears. have a good depth of body, fair length, and strong backs. The hair is fine and rather thick with the black pigmentation being quite heavy.  heavy drooped ear.  the ears are so large they cover much of the face and seem to obstruct the view from the eyes.  known for its very docile nature, and some have suggested that its obstructed vision contributes to its unaggressive temperament.  Whatever the cause, they seem to move more slowly and deliberately than other breeds.  have high levels of hardiness and thriftiness, with light shoulders, and good sides and hams.  the mothering ability and litter size are good, the breed does not seem to be as early maturing as most other breeds. The heavy black pigmentation of the skin is a characteristic not favored by processors.
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  MALE FEMALE
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  Chinese Taihu pigs •Origin – from the narrow region of mild sub-tropical climate around the Lake Tai region in the lower Yangtze River Valley of China. • Characteristics large one, black in colour with a heavily wrinkled face. It has a large head with a broad forehead and large folded ears.  have a high rate of reproduction with litter sizes ranging up to twenty, but averaging fourteen live piglets. This characteristic, as well as their resistance to disease, has resulted in interest in the pigs for research into breeding and genetic engineering.  Taihu pigs have been established in France, Albania, Hungary, Japan, the UK and the US.
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  Chinese Taihu pigs •Funjiang •Meishan •Janxiangblack •Erhualian
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  Fengjing • Origin –breed of domestic pig from Shanghai, China. • The main areas of this breed are located in Songjiang, Jinshan and Wujiang’s areas. • It was named after the Shanghai town of Fengjing. • Characteristics are modest-sized animals. They are black in color. They are distinguished by their face and in addition, they have a body. is an animal. It has a rather high rate of breeding. The sows are able to produce two litters per year at parity with about 12 piglets and rising to about 17 piglets at a third party. Occasionally big litter size of around 20 piglets happens. The meat of the Fengjing pig is obviously, succulent flavor that is very good, but the breed normally grows slowly.
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  MALE FEMALE
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  Meishan • Origin –breed of domestic pig named for the Meishan,[1][page needed] Jiangsu Province, China • Characteristics It is a sub-group of the Taihu pig and is a small to medium- sized (275-400 lbs) breed with large drooping ears, and wrinkled black skin. are extremely docile and renowned for their tender and flavorful red meat pork. best known for its large litters of 15-22 piglets. Due to its fecundity, it was imported to the United States in 1989 by the USDA Agricultural Research Service.
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  Jiaxing black • Origin– strain is mainly found in the districts of Jiaxing City in Zhejiang Province.
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  Erhualan • Origin – •Characteristics Erhualian pigs have large and fully floppy ears
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  Upgrades • Upgrading nativepigs bred with foreign breeds. • Diani – upgrade of native pigs (Batangas) with Berkshire  Berkshire x Poland China x Philippine native (Batangas). • Kaman – upgrade of native pig (Batangas) with Duroc  Duroc x Philippine native (Batangas) • Berkjala – 5/8 Berkshire and 3/8 Jalajala pig (Rizal)  Berkshire x Philippine native (Jalajala)  Mature weight: 170kg (Villegas, 1965) • Miracle Pig – ½ Large White ¼ Landrace ¼ Native • Libtong  Hampshire x Philippine native (Ilocos Sur)
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  Hybrid pigs orsynthetic breeds • Do not have distinguishing physical characteristics which differentiate them from other group of pigs. • Most of them are white with good muscle development. • Examples are: Babcook, Camborough, Cotswoid, Hypo, Seghers, Minnesota No.1, Nieuw Dalland
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  REFERENCES: • https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine_warty_pig • https://www.apnikheti.com/en/pn/livestock/pig/landrace •https://www.indiamart.com/proddetail/large-white- yorkshire-pig-12347641373.html • https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/725149977471908586/ • https://genetic.by/en/duroc • https://www.britishpigs.org.uk/duroc • https://www.thepigsite.com/focus/advertiser/3665/the- different-breeds-of-swine-pietrain-pietrain-pig-breed-pietrain- gilts-sows-and-boars • https://britishpigs.org.uk/pietrain • https://geomedia.top/pietro-breed-pigs/
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  REFERENCES: • https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/552394710525130164/ • https://swinegenetics.com/boar-info.php?Id=1272 •https://www.nepork.org/breeds-of-swine-berkshire/ • http://pigs.co.nz/berkshire/berkshire-standard/ • https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/613756255439525567/ • https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fww w.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3D- CPXBQlyRwQ&psig=AOvVaw3XO9OI0UUlABEPC9LVX_Q7&u st=1606636265934000&source=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CA0Qj hxqFwoTCIjf3d3gpO0CFQAAAAAdAAAAABAJ • https://www.dreamstime.com/photos-images/spotted- pig.html
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  REFERENCES: • https://www.pork.org/facts/pig-farming/major-swine- breeds/#:~:text=Spotted,of%20gain%20and%20carcass%20quality. • https://www.gramat-parc-animalier.com/en/park-and-its- animals/mammals/limousin-pig •https://www.tasteatlas.com/most-popular-food-products-in-limousin • https://www.breedslist.com/chester-white-pig.htm • https://www.roysfarm.com/hereford-pig/ • https://www.thepigsite.com/focus/advertiser/3666/the-different- breeds-of-swine-tamworth-tamworth-pig-breed-tamworth-gilts-sows- and-boars • https://www.tamworthswine.org/tamworth-history/
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  REFERENCES: • http://afs.okstate.edu/breeds/swine/largeblac k/index.html/ •https://spoiltpups.com/fengjing-pig/ •Green EmpireLicensure Examination Reviewer for Agriculturist