Solid fuel combustion involves the chemical reaction of solid materials, such as coal, wood, biomass, or waste, with oxygen to produce heat, light, and various combustion products. This process typically occurs in furnaces, boilers, stoves, or other combustion systems designed to efficiently burn solid fuels for heating, power generation, or industrial processes.

1. Solid fuel Combustion
By
Er. T. AYISHA NAZIBA, Dr. D. RAMESH, Dr. S. PUGALENDHI

2. Solidfuel
combustion
 Solid fuel combustion involves the burning of solid
materials (e.g., coal, biomass, wood) to generate heat
and energy.

3. Fixedbed
combustion
 Fixed bed combustion is a widely used method for burning
solid fuels like coal, biomass, and wood pellets.
 Solid fuel rests on a grate within a combustion chamber.
 Air is supplied from below the grate to support
combustion.
 Ash, the incombustible residue, falls through the grate
and is collected.

4. Advantages
 Simple design and operation
 Easy maintenance and fuel loading
 Ability to burn a variety of solid fuels
 Suitable for small- to medium-scale applications

5. Gratefurnaces
 Specific type of fixed bed combustion system with a
moving grate.
 Grate moves the fuel progressively from the fuel feed to
the ash discharge end.
 Components of Grate Furnaces
 Fuel Bed: Layer of solid fuel resting on the grate.
 Grate: Moving mechanism that transports fuel through
the furnace.
 Primary Air: Air supplied from below the grate to
support combustion.
 Secondary Air: Additional air supplied above the fuel
bed for complete combustion.

7. Underfeed
stokers
 Underfeed stokers provide a continuous feeding
mechanism for solid fuels.
 Solid fuel is fed from a hopper into a ram box located
beneath the grate.
 A ram mechanism pushes the fuel continuously onto the
grate from below.
 Airflow for combustion occurs from below the grate,
similar to fixed bed systems.
 Operation of Underfeed Stoker Feeders
 Fuel Feeding: Solid fuel is fed into the combustion
chamber from beneath the fuel bed.
 Combustion Zone: Heat from burning fuel initiates
combustion.
 Ash Removal: Ash is continuously removed from the
combustion zone.

9. Advantagesof
FixedBed
Combustionwith
GrateFurnaces
 Efficient combustion of solid fuels with controlled air
supply.
 Continuous and stable operation.
 Suitable for a wide range of solid fuels, including
biomass and coal.
 Effective ash removal minimizes maintenance
requirements.

10. Challengesand
Considerations
 Proper fuel sizing and preparation are essential for
efficient combustion.
 Air distribution must be optimized to ensure complete
combustion.
 Ash handling and disposal require attention to
maintain system performance.

11. Applicationsof
FixedBed
Combustion
Systems
 Industrial boilers and steam generators.
 Power generation plants.
 Heating systems for residential and commercial
buildings.

12. THANKYOU