Smart textiles are textiles that can sense and react to various stimuli. They include materials that passively sense environmental conditions, actively sense and react, and intelligently adapt. Examples include clothing that warns of hazardous chemicals or reminds the wearer of forgotten items. New fibers mimic properties found in nature, like spider silk's strength. Smart textiles can regulate temperature, manage moisture, and incorporate electronics. Applications include wearable keyboards and jackets that interface with phones. Phase change materials absorb and release heat to maintain comfort. Nanotechnology and new finishes provide enhanced performance properties while retaining a natural feel.
Smart textile refers to intelligent textiles that can sense and react to environmental conditions or stimuli. There are three components: sensors that detect signals, actuators that act upon signals, and controlling units that produce outputs. Smart textiles are classified based on functionality into passive (sensing only), active (sensing and reacting), and very/ultra smart (sensing, reacting, and adapting). They have a variety of end uses including comfort, heat protection, medical, military, computing, fashion, aviation, and space research. Components can be incorporated at the fiber, yarn/fabric, or finishing level. The future of smart textiles includes tera/nano scales, complexity, cognition, and replacing traditional
Smart textiles are materials and structures that can sense and react to environmental stimuli. They include self-cleaning carpets, memory fabrics, and fabrics that regulate temperature. Smart textiles can be divided into passive materials that only sense stimuli, active materials that can both sense and respond, and very smart materials that can sense, respond, and adapt. They use materials like conductive fibers, shape memory alloys, and microencapsulated phase change materials. Applications include sportswear that regulates temperature, medical clothing that monitors vital signs, military uniforms that detect hazards, and fashionable apparel that changes color or plays music. The future of smart textiles may include clothing that emits scents, becomes rigid to immobilize injuries,
The document discusses smart textiles, which are textiles that can sense and react to environmental conditions. Originally textiles provided protection from weather, but now integrate technologies to increase functionality. Smart textiles are classified into passive, active, and ultra-smart varieties based on their ability to sense and react. Examples include fabrics that monitor health, control devices, and regulate temperature. Significant opportunities exist in medicine, sustainability, and wearable technology as the industry grows.
The document discusses smart and intelligent textiles. It begins by introducing textiles as the second skin of humans and notes they traditionally provide protection and aesthetics. It describes how intelligence is now being integrated into fabrics to create interactive textiles. It outlines several classifications of smart fibers and materials that can sense and react to environmental stimuli, including thermochromic, luminescent, conductive, and shape memory materials. Example applications are described for areas like military, healthcare, sports, and fashion. In closing, it argues textiles represent an attractive platform for biosensors and wearable electronics since many systems can be connected to clothing to create a versatile and customizable experience for the user.
This document discusses various types of automotive textiles including seat covers, sun visors, seat belts, interior carpets, air bags, insulating felts, nylon tyre cord fabric, and headliners. It describes the functions and characteristics of each textile. Seat covers are made from various fabrics and provide comfort. Sun visors block sunlight from the windshield. Seat belts are woven from high strength fibers to secure passengers during collisions. Air bags are made from nylon or polyester fabrics and protect the head and chest in crashes. Insulating felts provide noise and thermal insulation. Nylon tyre cord fabric provides strength to tires. Headliners are non-woven materials used as lightweight roof
http://www.ualberta.ca/~jag3/smart_textiles/index.htm
Jose A. Gonzalez
Protective Clothing Research Group
Department of Human Ecology
University of Alberta
This presentation introduces smart textiles, which integrate microelectronics into textiles to endow them with new active properties. Smart textiles can be classified as passive, active, or ultra smart depending on their sensing and reactive capabilities. Key functions of smart textiles include sensing environmental stimuli, processing sensor data, actuating responses, storing energy, and enabling communication. Examples of smart materials discussed are thermo-regulating, chromic, luminescent, conductive, and electronic textiles. The presentation provides examples of how these materials are incorporated into and change the properties of textiles.
This document discusses smart textiles, which integrate microelectronics into textiles to endow them with new properties and active behaviors. Smart textiles can sense and react to stimuli in their environment. They are categorized as passive, active, or ultra smart depending on their sensing and response capabilities. The key functions of smart textiles are sensing, data processing, actuation, storage, and communication. Examples of smart textile applications discussed include thermoregulating materials, chromic materials, luminescent materials, conductive materials, voltaic materials, and electronic textiles. Areas of further research include sensors, actuators, signal transmission and control systems, and integrated textile processes.
Smart textile refers to intelligent textiles that can sense and react to environmental conditions or stimuli. There are three components: sensors that detect signals, actuators that act upon signals, and controlling units that produce outputs. Smart textiles are classified based on functionality into passive (sensing only), active (sensing and reacting), and very/ultra smart (sensing, reacting, and adapting). They have a variety of end uses including comfort, heat protection, medical, military, computing, fashion, aviation, and space research. Components can be incorporated at the fiber, yarn/fabric, or finishing level. The future of smart textiles includes tera/nano scales, complexity, cognition, and replacing traditional
Smart textiles are materials and structures that can sense and react to environmental stimuli. They include self-cleaning carpets, memory fabrics, and fabrics that regulate temperature. Smart textiles can be divided into passive materials that only sense stimuli, active materials that can both sense and respond, and very smart materials that can sense, respond, and adapt. They use materials like conductive fibers, shape memory alloys, and microencapsulated phase change materials. Applications include sportswear that regulates temperature, medical clothing that monitors vital signs, military uniforms that detect hazards, and fashionable apparel that changes color or plays music. The future of smart textiles may include clothing that emits scents, becomes rigid to immobilize injuries,
The document discusses smart textiles, which are textiles that can sense and react to environmental conditions. Originally textiles provided protection from weather, but now integrate technologies to increase functionality. Smart textiles are classified into passive, active, and ultra-smart varieties based on their ability to sense and react. Examples include fabrics that monitor health, control devices, and regulate temperature. Significant opportunities exist in medicine, sustainability, and wearable technology as the industry grows.
The document discusses smart and intelligent textiles. It begins by introducing textiles as the second skin of humans and notes they traditionally provide protection and aesthetics. It describes how intelligence is now being integrated into fabrics to create interactive textiles. It outlines several classifications of smart fibers and materials that can sense and react to environmental stimuli, including thermochromic, luminescent, conductive, and shape memory materials. Example applications are described for areas like military, healthcare, sports, and fashion. In closing, it argues textiles represent an attractive platform for biosensors and wearable electronics since many systems can be connected to clothing to create a versatile and customizable experience for the user.
This document discusses various types of automotive textiles including seat covers, sun visors, seat belts, interior carpets, air bags, insulating felts, nylon tyre cord fabric, and headliners. It describes the functions and characteristics of each textile. Seat covers are made from various fabrics and provide comfort. Sun visors block sunlight from the windshield. Seat belts are woven from high strength fibers to secure passengers during collisions. Air bags are made from nylon or polyester fabrics and protect the head and chest in crashes. Insulating felts provide noise and thermal insulation. Nylon tyre cord fabric provides strength to tires. Headliners are non-woven materials used as lightweight roof
http://www.ualberta.ca/~jag3/smart_textiles/index.htm
Jose A. Gonzalez
Protective Clothing Research Group
Department of Human Ecology
University of Alberta
This presentation introduces smart textiles, which integrate microelectronics into textiles to endow them with new active properties. Smart textiles can be classified as passive, active, or ultra smart depending on their sensing and reactive capabilities. Key functions of smart textiles include sensing environmental stimuli, processing sensor data, actuating responses, storing energy, and enabling communication. Examples of smart materials discussed are thermo-regulating, chromic, luminescent, conductive, and electronic textiles. The presentation provides examples of how these materials are incorporated into and change the properties of textiles.
This document discusses smart textiles, which integrate microelectronics into textiles to endow them with new properties and active behaviors. Smart textiles can sense and react to stimuli in their environment. They are categorized as passive, active, or ultra smart depending on their sensing and response capabilities. The key functions of smart textiles are sensing, data processing, actuation, storage, and communication. Examples of smart textile applications discussed include thermoregulating materials, chromic materials, luminescent materials, conductive materials, voltaic materials, and electronic textiles. Areas of further research include sensors, actuators, signal transmission and control systems, and integrated textile processes.
This presentation discusses home textiles and their uses. Home textiles include fabrics used for furnishings like beds, tables, floors, and walls. Different fibers are selected based on properties like strength, moisture absorption, and comfort. Cotton, polyester, and wool are common fibers. Home textile products include bed linens, table linens, curtains, cushions, and more. The global home textiles market faces challenges from changing raw material prices and low consumer preference for technical textiles.
This document provides an overview of sports textiles. It was submitted by four students to their professor and outlines the introduction, technical aspects, properties required, raw materials, manufacturing techniques, heat and moisture mechanisms, trade names, manufacturers, and applications of sportswear fabrics. The presentation covers the important functions and requirements of fabrics for different sports and how various synthetic and natural fibers are used in sportswear manufacturing.
Smart textiles are textiles that can sense and react to environmental stimuli through integrated electronics or other technologies. They have a wide range of applications, including in medicine to monitor vital signs, in fashion as displays on clothing, and as soft interfaces. Smart textiles work by using conductive materials integrated into fabrics that can detect changes and respond accordingly, often transmitting related data. Common triggers sensed include touch, temperature, pressure, and other bodily functions.
This document provides an overview of non-woven fabrics. It defines non-woven fabrics as sheet or web structures bonded together by entangling fibers or filaments mechanically, thermally, chemically or through solvent treatment. The document discusses the history of non-woven fabrics and mentions some early precursors. It also outlines different types of non-woven fabrics based on materials used and manufacturing processes. Common applications of non-woven fabrics in various industries are also summarized.
This document discusses technical textiles. It begins by defining technical textiles as textile products manufactured primarily for their performance and functional properties rather than aesthetic or decorative characteristics. It then discusses various segments of technical textiles including agro-tech, build-tech, cloth-tech, geo-tech, home-tech, industrials textiles, medi-tech, mobil-tech, oeko-tech, pack-tech, pro-tech and sport-tech. It provides examples of materials used for different technical textile segments including natural fibers, regenerated fibers, synthetic fibers, specialty fibers and high-tech fibers. The document concludes with discussing the application stages and uses of technical fibers.
This presentation discusses smart textiles, which are textiles that can sense and react to environmental stimuli. It defines three types of smart textiles - passive, active, and ultra smart - and describes their key characteristics. The document outlines the working principles of smart textiles and their five main functions: sensors, data processing, actuators, stimulation, and response. Examples of applications for smart textiles include healthcare, defense, life jackets, entertainment wear, and protective clothing. Several companies that produce smart textiles are profiled, including Hovding, Moon Berlin, Utope, WarmX, and Moritz Waldemeyer.
Medical textiles are textile products designed for medical applications. They can be classified as non-implantable materials like wound dressings and bandages, extracorporeal devices like artificial organs, and implantable materials like sutures and grafts. Fibers used include commodity fibers like cotton and synthetic fibers like polyester, as well as specialty fibers like collagen, chitin, and chitosan. Properties of medical textile fibers include being non-toxic, non-allergenic, and able to be sterilized without changes. The global medical textiles market was estimated at over $8 billion in 2010 and is growing.
This document provides an overview of technical textiles used in civil engineering applications, known as "buildtech". It discusses various fibers, technologies, and examples used in buildtech applications. Some key points include:
- Technical textiles are increasingly used in construction for properties like strength, lightweight, and durability. Common fibers include polyester, glass, and nylon.
- Applications include reinforcement, insulation, roofing, scaffolding, and architectural membranes. New applications in textile architecture are also discussed.
- The market for technical textiles in construction is growing due to advantages over traditional materials like lower weight and easier manufacturing. The future of buildtech is expected to include new materials and applications.
Presentation by Dr Marwa Atef , National Research Center, Cairo, Egypt . Presented at Cairo Textile Week 2021 , the leading textiles conference in Egypt
The document discusses various types of technical textiles and their uses in different industries. It defines technical textiles as textile materials manufactured for their functional properties rather than aesthetics. It then describes different types of technical textiles - Agrotech, Buildtech, Clothtech, Geotech, Hometech, Indutech, Meditech and Mobiltech. For each type, it provides examples of applications and market size in India. Geotech and medical textiles have the largest market share in India. The document emphasizes that technical textiles are chosen for their performance over aesthetics.
This document is Priyanshi Arora's submission for Assignment 1, Task 4 of her BTEC HND Level Fashion and Textile program from 2014-2018. It discusses technical textiles, which are materials and products made primarily for their performance properties rather than aesthetic qualities. It covers the large and growing technical textiles sector, classifications of technical textiles like agro tech, cloth tech, and sports tech, and emerging areas like e-textiles which integrate electronics and enhance performance.
Medical textiles are textile products designed for medical applications. They can be classified as non-implantable materials like wound dressings and bandages, extracorporeal devices like artificial organs, and implantable materials like sutures and grafts. Key properties for medical textiles include being non-toxic, non-allergenic, able to be sterilized, and bio-compatible. Common fibers used are natural fibers like cotton as well as synthetic fibers like polyester and specialty fibers like collagen and chitosan. Medical textiles help improve patient comfort and aid in healing.
1) Textiles are used widely in automobiles for both visible and concealed components. Visible textiles include upholstery, carpets, and headliners, while concealed textiles are used in tyre cords, hoses, airbags, filters, and more.
2) Different fibers are used for different automobile components depending on the required properties. For example, polyester is commonly used for upholstery due to its strength and durability, while nylon is used for seat belts and airbags due to its high tensile strength.
3) Automotive textiles must meet stringent performance standards regarding properties like strength, abrasion and heat resistance, flame retardancy, and durability
Fibers are converted into yarns through several processes to prepare them for fabric construction. Fibers are first opened, blended, and cleaned. They then undergo either carding or combing to further clean and align the fibers into slivers. The slivers are drawn and spun into yarns, which can be done through ring spinning, rotor spinning, or air jet spinning. Ring spinning produces the highest quality yarns while rotor and air jet spinning have higher production rates. The yarns are then wound onto packages or cones and are ready to be used to create fabrics through weaving or knitting.
Sporttech deals with textile materials used for sports and leisure purposes. There has been a huge increase in sports participation globally over the last 15 years. This has led to the development of specialized sportswear to meet the needs of different sports. Sportswear fabrics must regulate heat and moisture, dry quickly, be breathable, durable, and lightweight. Common materials include polyester, nylon, cotton, and lycra. Key classifications of sportech include sportswear, sports accessories like nets and turfs, and sports goods like balls, racquets, and shoes.
This document provides an overview of smart textiles. It defines smart textiles as textiles that can sense and react to environmental conditions or stimuli. It discusses the scope of smart textiles, including the integration of various disciplines required. It outlines different generations of textile wearable technologies and describes textronics. It also covers various topics related to smart textiles like classifications, materials, incorporation into textiles, components, working process, applications, and the relationship to technical textiles.
This document provides an overview of medical textiles. It begins by defining medical textiles as the combination of textile technology and medical sciences. It then discusses the different types of fibers used in medical textiles, including commodity fibers like cotton, silk, and polyester, as well as specialty fibers like collagen and chitosan. The document also examines the requirements for textile materials in medical applications and various medical textile products such as bandages, sutures, and surgical gowns. It concludes by emphasizing that medical textiles are an important and growing sector for converting painful medical procedures into more comfortable experiences.
Smart textiles can exhibit properties of traditional textiles like stretchability while maintaining electrical conductivity. Earlier smart textiles were not practical for wear due to wired connections and batteries but now can be comfortable, lightweight and easy to care for. Examples described include a musical jacket with an embroidered MIDI keyboard, a t-shirt that detects WiFi signal strength through animations, space suits that regulate temperature, and smart military uniforms that can detect injuries. Performance enhancing textiles like Speedo's "shark skin" fabric and properties of various smart fabrics are also summarized.
This document discusses spacer fabrics, which are three-dimensional knitted fabrics composed of two separate knitted layers joined by spacer yarns. Spacer fabrics are produced through weft and warp knitting and have applications in automotive, home, medical, and other technical textiles. They provide properties such as breathability, cushioning, insulation, and compression elasticity. The most common manufacturing process is knitting, which allows for two fabric layers to be held together by tucks or stitches from spacer yarns to create a lightweight, breathable 3D structure.
The document summarizes key properties of various textile fibers including cotton, wool, flax, jute, silk, nylon, and polyester. It discusses properties such as fiber length, flexibility, tenacity, luster, density, moisture content, elasticity, resilience, and end uses. For each fiber, it provides 3-4 sentences on typical properties and 2-3 sentences on common applications and uses of that fiber type.
Advances in technology have enabled textiles to be engineered for specialized applications and high performance. Smart textiles can now sense and react to stimuli in the environment. Future developments may integrate textiles with nano- and terascale technologies to create highly complex, cognitive, and integrated systems. These could endow textiles with new sensing, signaling, computing and tissue engineering capabilities.
Smart/interactive textiles (SIT) are materials and structures that sense and react to environmental conditions or stimuli, such as those from mechanical, thermal, chemical, electrical, magnetic or other sources.
This presentation discusses home textiles and their uses. Home textiles include fabrics used for furnishings like beds, tables, floors, and walls. Different fibers are selected based on properties like strength, moisture absorption, and comfort. Cotton, polyester, and wool are common fibers. Home textile products include bed linens, table linens, curtains, cushions, and more. The global home textiles market faces challenges from changing raw material prices and low consumer preference for technical textiles.
This document provides an overview of sports textiles. It was submitted by four students to their professor and outlines the introduction, technical aspects, properties required, raw materials, manufacturing techniques, heat and moisture mechanisms, trade names, manufacturers, and applications of sportswear fabrics. The presentation covers the important functions and requirements of fabrics for different sports and how various synthetic and natural fibers are used in sportswear manufacturing.
Smart textiles are textiles that can sense and react to environmental stimuli through integrated electronics or other technologies. They have a wide range of applications, including in medicine to monitor vital signs, in fashion as displays on clothing, and as soft interfaces. Smart textiles work by using conductive materials integrated into fabrics that can detect changes and respond accordingly, often transmitting related data. Common triggers sensed include touch, temperature, pressure, and other bodily functions.
This document provides an overview of non-woven fabrics. It defines non-woven fabrics as sheet or web structures bonded together by entangling fibers or filaments mechanically, thermally, chemically or through solvent treatment. The document discusses the history of non-woven fabrics and mentions some early precursors. It also outlines different types of non-woven fabrics based on materials used and manufacturing processes. Common applications of non-woven fabrics in various industries are also summarized.
This document discusses technical textiles. It begins by defining technical textiles as textile products manufactured primarily for their performance and functional properties rather than aesthetic or decorative characteristics. It then discusses various segments of technical textiles including agro-tech, build-tech, cloth-tech, geo-tech, home-tech, industrials textiles, medi-tech, mobil-tech, oeko-tech, pack-tech, pro-tech and sport-tech. It provides examples of materials used for different technical textile segments including natural fibers, regenerated fibers, synthetic fibers, specialty fibers and high-tech fibers. The document concludes with discussing the application stages and uses of technical fibers.
This presentation discusses smart textiles, which are textiles that can sense and react to environmental stimuli. It defines three types of smart textiles - passive, active, and ultra smart - and describes their key characteristics. The document outlines the working principles of smart textiles and their five main functions: sensors, data processing, actuators, stimulation, and response. Examples of applications for smart textiles include healthcare, defense, life jackets, entertainment wear, and protective clothing. Several companies that produce smart textiles are profiled, including Hovding, Moon Berlin, Utope, WarmX, and Moritz Waldemeyer.
Medical textiles are textile products designed for medical applications. They can be classified as non-implantable materials like wound dressings and bandages, extracorporeal devices like artificial organs, and implantable materials like sutures and grafts. Fibers used include commodity fibers like cotton and synthetic fibers like polyester, as well as specialty fibers like collagen, chitin, and chitosan. Properties of medical textile fibers include being non-toxic, non-allergenic, and able to be sterilized without changes. The global medical textiles market was estimated at over $8 billion in 2010 and is growing.
This document provides an overview of technical textiles used in civil engineering applications, known as "buildtech". It discusses various fibers, technologies, and examples used in buildtech applications. Some key points include:
- Technical textiles are increasingly used in construction for properties like strength, lightweight, and durability. Common fibers include polyester, glass, and nylon.
- Applications include reinforcement, insulation, roofing, scaffolding, and architectural membranes. New applications in textile architecture are also discussed.
- The market for technical textiles in construction is growing due to advantages over traditional materials like lower weight and easier manufacturing. The future of buildtech is expected to include new materials and applications.
Presentation by Dr Marwa Atef , National Research Center, Cairo, Egypt . Presented at Cairo Textile Week 2021 , the leading textiles conference in Egypt
The document discusses various types of technical textiles and their uses in different industries. It defines technical textiles as textile materials manufactured for their functional properties rather than aesthetics. It then describes different types of technical textiles - Agrotech, Buildtech, Clothtech, Geotech, Hometech, Indutech, Meditech and Mobiltech. For each type, it provides examples of applications and market size in India. Geotech and medical textiles have the largest market share in India. The document emphasizes that technical textiles are chosen for their performance over aesthetics.
This document is Priyanshi Arora's submission for Assignment 1, Task 4 of her BTEC HND Level Fashion and Textile program from 2014-2018. It discusses technical textiles, which are materials and products made primarily for their performance properties rather than aesthetic qualities. It covers the large and growing technical textiles sector, classifications of technical textiles like agro tech, cloth tech, and sports tech, and emerging areas like e-textiles which integrate electronics and enhance performance.
Medical textiles are textile products designed for medical applications. They can be classified as non-implantable materials like wound dressings and bandages, extracorporeal devices like artificial organs, and implantable materials like sutures and grafts. Key properties for medical textiles include being non-toxic, non-allergenic, able to be sterilized, and bio-compatible. Common fibers used are natural fibers like cotton as well as synthetic fibers like polyester and specialty fibers like collagen and chitosan. Medical textiles help improve patient comfort and aid in healing.
1) Textiles are used widely in automobiles for both visible and concealed components. Visible textiles include upholstery, carpets, and headliners, while concealed textiles are used in tyre cords, hoses, airbags, filters, and more.
2) Different fibers are used for different automobile components depending on the required properties. For example, polyester is commonly used for upholstery due to its strength and durability, while nylon is used for seat belts and airbags due to its high tensile strength.
3) Automotive textiles must meet stringent performance standards regarding properties like strength, abrasion and heat resistance, flame retardancy, and durability
Fibers are converted into yarns through several processes to prepare them for fabric construction. Fibers are first opened, blended, and cleaned. They then undergo either carding or combing to further clean and align the fibers into slivers. The slivers are drawn and spun into yarns, which can be done through ring spinning, rotor spinning, or air jet spinning. Ring spinning produces the highest quality yarns while rotor and air jet spinning have higher production rates. The yarns are then wound onto packages or cones and are ready to be used to create fabrics through weaving or knitting.
Sporttech deals with textile materials used for sports and leisure purposes. There has been a huge increase in sports participation globally over the last 15 years. This has led to the development of specialized sportswear to meet the needs of different sports. Sportswear fabrics must regulate heat and moisture, dry quickly, be breathable, durable, and lightweight. Common materials include polyester, nylon, cotton, and lycra. Key classifications of sportech include sportswear, sports accessories like nets and turfs, and sports goods like balls, racquets, and shoes.
This document provides an overview of smart textiles. It defines smart textiles as textiles that can sense and react to environmental conditions or stimuli. It discusses the scope of smart textiles, including the integration of various disciplines required. It outlines different generations of textile wearable technologies and describes textronics. It also covers various topics related to smart textiles like classifications, materials, incorporation into textiles, components, working process, applications, and the relationship to technical textiles.
This document provides an overview of medical textiles. It begins by defining medical textiles as the combination of textile technology and medical sciences. It then discusses the different types of fibers used in medical textiles, including commodity fibers like cotton, silk, and polyester, as well as specialty fibers like collagen and chitosan. The document also examines the requirements for textile materials in medical applications and various medical textile products such as bandages, sutures, and surgical gowns. It concludes by emphasizing that medical textiles are an important and growing sector for converting painful medical procedures into more comfortable experiences.
Smart textiles can exhibit properties of traditional textiles like stretchability while maintaining electrical conductivity. Earlier smart textiles were not practical for wear due to wired connections and batteries but now can be comfortable, lightweight and easy to care for. Examples described include a musical jacket with an embroidered MIDI keyboard, a t-shirt that detects WiFi signal strength through animations, space suits that regulate temperature, and smart military uniforms that can detect injuries. Performance enhancing textiles like Speedo's "shark skin" fabric and properties of various smart fabrics are also summarized.
This document discusses spacer fabrics, which are three-dimensional knitted fabrics composed of two separate knitted layers joined by spacer yarns. Spacer fabrics are produced through weft and warp knitting and have applications in automotive, home, medical, and other technical textiles. They provide properties such as breathability, cushioning, insulation, and compression elasticity. The most common manufacturing process is knitting, which allows for two fabric layers to be held together by tucks or stitches from spacer yarns to create a lightweight, breathable 3D structure.
The document summarizes key properties of various textile fibers including cotton, wool, flax, jute, silk, nylon, and polyester. It discusses properties such as fiber length, flexibility, tenacity, luster, density, moisture content, elasticity, resilience, and end uses. For each fiber, it provides 3-4 sentences on typical properties and 2-3 sentences on common applications and uses of that fiber type.
Advances in technology have enabled textiles to be engineered for specialized applications and high performance. Smart textiles can now sense and react to stimuli in the environment. Future developments may integrate textiles with nano- and terascale technologies to create highly complex, cognitive, and integrated systems. These could endow textiles with new sensing, signaling, computing and tissue engineering capabilities.
Smart/interactive textiles (SIT) are materials and structures that sense and react to environmental conditions or stimuli, such as those from mechanical, thermal, chemical, electrical, magnetic or other sources.
Smart textiles can sense and react to environmental stimuli. They include materials that change color, shape, or texture in response to temperature, pressure, or other inputs. Some examples are self-cleaning carpets, memory-shaped fabrics, temperature-regulating materials, and fabrics that change color. Smart textiles can be categorized as passive (only sense stimuli), active (sense and respond), and very smart (sense, respond, and adapt). They have applications in healthcare, sports, fashion, the military, and more. Emerging technologies include biometric sensing, thermoregulation, wireless connectivity, and nano-materials. The future of smart textiles is highly interactive fabrics that can detect vital signs, communicate wirelessly
This document discusses smart fabrics and textiles that can sense and respond to environmental stimuli. It provides examples of smart fabrics like Gore-Tex that are waterproof and breathable, as well as microencapsulated fabrics that can release substances like antibacterial agents in response to heat, pressure or other triggers. The document also discusses using smart textiles for medical purposes like wound dressings and how they may help regulate body temperature and odor. It describes early experiments creating touch interfaces and circuits using conductive metallic yarns woven into fabrics.
Smart textiles are materials that can sense and react to various stimuli in their environment. They integrate concepts from various fields including textiles, chemistry, materials science, electronics, and more. Smart textiles are categorized as passive, active, or ultra smart depending on their ability to simply sense or also adapt and react to environmental changes. Key application areas of smart textiles include wearables, outdoor apparel, automotive interiors, and fashion where they can provide functions like temperature regulation, UV protection, antimicrobial properties, and interactive or changing aesthetics.
Nano technology in textiles. seminar. pptxBademaw Abate
The application of nanotechnology in textiles is growing so fast. The main difference b/n nano finishing and conventional finishing is durability, comfort and breath-ability enhancement in nano finishes.
Smart textiles are materials and structures that can sense and react to environmental stimuli. There are four main types: passive smart materials that only sense stimuli, active smart materials that can both sense and respond, very smart materials that can sense, respond, and adapt, and materials with artificial intelligence. Smart textiles find applications in sports, healthcare, military, fashion and more. New developments include light-emitting, scent-emitting, shape-shifting, and health-monitoring textiles. Smart textiles have the potential to revolutionize clothing and other fabrics.
Smart fabrics are fabrics that have been engineered to have enhanced functional properties through various technologies. Nanotechnology, thermochromics, conductivity, and shape memory polymers are some of the techniques used to develop smart textiles. Examples include fabrics treated with silver nanoparticles for antibacterial properties, thermochromic wallpaper that changes color with temperature, and light-sensitive curtains that open and close in response to light intensity without electricity. These smart fabrics have applications in interior design, architecture, healthcare and other fields.
The term ‘smart textiles’ is derived from intelligent or smart materials.Smart textiles can be described as textiles that are able to sense stimuli from the environment, to react to them and adapt to them by integration of functionalities in the textile structure. The stimulus as well as the response can have an electrical, thermal, chemical, magnetic or other origin.
Nanotechnology is being used in textiles and cosmetics in the following ways:
1. In textiles, nanoparticles are being used to impart properties like water and stain resistance, UV protection, and antimicrobial effects. Nanofibers and nano coatings can also enhance fabric durability and breathability.
2. In cosmetics, nanoparticles are being used as delivery mechanisms for active ingredients and to provide UV protection. Nanoparticles of zinc oxide and titanium dioxide are commonly used in sunscreens for their UV blocking abilities.
3. Both industries are researching applications of smart fabrics and warning displays that can monitor vital signs and send distress signals using sensors and flexible light displays integrated into fabrics.
Avik Kumar Dhar presents on moisture control and breathable finishes. He discusses key concepts like wetting, wicking, MVTR and RET. Breathability allows moisture vapor to pass through fabric while preventing liquid water penetration. Factors like fiber type, construction and chemical treatments influence moisture transport. Common breathable fabrics include closely woven, microporous membranes, and hydrophilic coatings. Applications include sportswear, outdoor clothing and medical textiles. Gore-Tex uses a microporous membrane to allow vapor out while keeping liquid water from entering. Biomimetic designs mimic structures like leaf stomata and pine cones to regulate moisture transport. Breathable fabrics improve comfort by evaporating moisture quickly while protecting
Wearable computers can now be incorporated directly into clothing through the use of conductive textiles, circuits, and components. This paper describes techniques for building circuits using commercially available fabrics, yarns, fasteners, and electronic components which allow data and power distribution as well as sensing to be integrated into washable clothing.
This document discusses technical textiles and their applications. It begins by defining technical textiles as textile materials manufactured for their functional properties rather than aesthetics. It then estimates technical textiles comprise 11.5-12% of Indian textile production. The document categorizes technical textiles into 12 categories including agrotech, buildtech, clothtech, etc. and provides examples for each category. It discusses properties of high-performance fibers and specialty fibers used in technical textiles. The document also covers topics like nanofibers, auxetic materials, conductive fibers, and smart or responsive fibers.
This document provides information about smart textiles. It defines smart textiles as textiles that can interact with their surroundings and react or adapt to environmental stimuli. The document then classifies smart textiles into three categories: passive smart textiles that can only sense the environment, active smart textiles that have both sensors and actuators to respond to detected signals, and ultra smart textiles that can sense, react, and adapt to the environment. Various applications of smart textiles are discussed, including uses in healthcare, sports, military, entertainment, and fashion. The importance of smart textiles for the future textile industry is also highlighted.
This document provides information about nonwoven fabrics, including definitions, history, production processes, characteristics, uses, and the roles of industry associations. It defines nonwoven fabrics as sheet materials made from long fibers bonded together without weaving or knitting. The production of nonwovens began in the 19th century and expanded commercially in the mid-20th century. Key points covered include the main steps of nonwoven production, common fiber materials, properties such as absorbency and strength, and applications in areas like filtration, hygiene, medical, furniture, and automotive. Industry associations that support the development of nonwovens are also mentioned.
This document provides an overview of smart textiles, including:
1. Smart textiles are textiles that can interact with their environment through electrical, thermal, chemical, or magnetic stimuli and may incorporate electronics and sensors.
2. They are classified into passive, active, and ultra-smart textiles depending on their ability to sense and react to the environment.
3. Smart textiles have applications in healthcare for monitoring vital signs, in military and emergency services equipment for protection, and in entertainment through responsive colors and lights.
This document discusses various technologies for producing innovative nonwoven materials, including nanofibers produced through electrospinning, bicomponent fibers, meltblown and spunlace processes, and nonwoven spacer fabrics. It also covers applications of nonwovens such as abrasives, insulation, phase change materials, stretchable fabrics, and flushable wipes that meet industry standards. The document contains images to illustrate the different production processes and material structures.
1. The document discusses various topics related to sustainability in the fashion industry including issues like fast fashion, workers' rights, and the use of eco-friendly materials.
2. It introduces several technologies and companies working on sustainable solutions, such as DAAI Technology which recycles PET bottles into fabric and SINGCARE which uses recycled polyester and coffee grounds to create functional fabrics.
3. Moving forward, more research is needed on alternative raw materials and fibers that have lower environmental impacts as well as examining how fashion can be done in a more ethical and sustainable way.
Sports intimate apparels are worn next to the skin, which are the key aspect to physiological comfort of sports persons and help to increase their performances. Natural and synthetic fibers are mostly used in sports apparels. Natural fibers have excellent comfort, except wicking, which can be overcome by modifying the fiber profile of synthetic materials, and also imparting finishes in the fabric. It is evident that type of fibre, properties of yarn, structure of fabric, finishing treatment and features of clothing were the factors affecting clothing comfort of sports intimate apparels. Among these the economical way of fetching comfort in the sports intimate apparels can be done through the selection of right raw material, and fabric structure with right structural parameters.
Smart fabrics are defined as fabrics that can sense and react to environmental conditions or stimuli from mechanical, thermal, chemical, electrical or magnetic sources.
Also called as intelligent textiles.
Enable digital components.
The document discusses sizing of warp yarns, which involves applying a coating to protect the yarns from abrasion during weaving. It focuses on the chemistry and properties of various sizing agents, particularly starches. Starches, which are complex carbohydrates, have been widely used for sizing due to their low cost and ability to form protective films on yarns. However, their films are difficult to remove completely after weaving. The document therefore also examines methods for desizing fabrics, including enzymatic, acid, and oxidative processes to break down starch residues.
This document provides information about BSL Ltd., a textile company that manufactures fashion fabrics and wool yarn. It discusses the company's departments including quality control, processing, dyeing, and finishing. It describes the various machines and processes used in quality testing, fabric processing, dyeing, weight reduction, drying, and finishing. Key areas covered include quality control procedures for incoming materials, fabric testing at different stages, shade development, and parameters for dyeing and finishing processes.
The document discusses the CIE L*a*b* color space, which provides a way to numerically specify and communicate colors. It originated from Hunter's Lab color space model from the 1940s and was updated by CIE in 1976 as CIELAB. L* represents lightness on a black to white scale, while a* and b* represent the color's position between red/green and yellow/blue. Positive a* values indicate more red and positive b* values indicate more yellow. The document uses examples to illustrate how L*a*b* values correspond to specific colors.
The New York Times investigated the 1984 Bhopal gas leak in India that killed thousands. Through over 100 interviews and a review of documents, the Times found numerous irregularities and violations of safety procedures at the Union Carbide plant that likely contributed to the disaster: employees ignored initial leaks, critical safety systems were down for maintenance or inoperable, staff and training were cut back, and there were no effective public warnings. While Union Carbide emphasized safety, the investigation revealed the Bhopal plant was ultimately responsible for its own safety lapses that appeared to cause the deadly gas leak.
Recycling of textiles has historically been a domestic craft in India but now includes small-scale industries that process imported second-hand clothing into products like yarn, doormats, blankets, and industrial wipers. Extending the lifetime of clothing by just three months through care, repair, and reuse could reduce the environmental impacts of the clothing industry by 5-10% according to UK research organization WRAP. Recycling textiles involves sorting materials for reuse or downcycling into industrial products or landfilling soiled materials.
The document contains a table with information about sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solutions of different concentrations measured by Baume scale grades and percentages by weight. It lists the Baume grade, percentage by weight, specific gravity, grams of NaOH in 1 kg of solution, and grams of NaOH in 1 liter of solution for concentrations ranging from 1.4% to 25%.
Photochromic dyes change color when exposed to UV light and can be used to monitor how long children spend in the sun to prevent sunburn. They react reversibly—returning to their original color when no longer exposed to UV light. Some key types of photochromic dyes used for this purpose include spiropyrans, spironaphtoxazines, and chromenes.
This document outlines various laboratory safety guidelines and procedures. It discusses the benefits of safety, as well as general safety practices regarding glassware, chemicals, electricity, heating, personal protective equipment, fire safety, first aid, chemical storage, and waste disposal. Specific hazards are identified, such as incompatible chemicals. The document emphasizes that following safety regulations and having proper training are essential for preventing accidents in the laboratory.
This document outlines the key considerations for laboratory management including the objective, types of laboratories, layout, regulations, and standards. It discusses providing controlled conditions for scientific experiments, technical measurements, research, and sample analysis while conforming to good laboratory practices and safety criteria. Major considerations include design, infrastructure, equipment, quality processes, energy needs, and conforming to regulations, practices, and procedures to ensure safety, security, and reliable results.
GLP (Good Laboratory Practice) is a quality system for non-clinical health and environmental safety studies. It aims to ensure quality, uniformity, consistency, reproducibility, traceability, reliability and integrity of test data. Key aspects of GLP include standardized procedures for conducting studies, recording and reporting data, and archiving records and materials. GLP was established after fraud was discovered in toxicology lab data submitted to regulators. Adherence to GLP helps ensure the reliability and integrity of non-clinical safety studies.
The document outlines the key concepts in developing a VIMOSA including having a clear vision, mission, objectives, and strategy. It also describes doing a SWOT analysis to identify strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. Various activities are listed like testing, calibration, measurements, training, and monitoring. Calibration details include following manufacturer guidelines, checking for displacement, deviation, overloading, and software/hardware changes. Validation ensures selectivity, linearity, accuracy, precision, sensitivity, range, and limits of detection and quantitation using standard reference materials.
This document provides an introduction to chromatography, including its invention in 1906 and definition as a method for separating and identifying chemical compounds. It discusses the basic principles of chromatography, which involves the differential movement of mixture components through a stationary and mobile phase. Various types of chromatography are classified and described, including gas chromatography (GC), liquid chromatography, and ion exchange. The key components of a gas chromatograph are also outlined, such as the carrier gas, sample injection system, column, and detectors. [/SUMMARY]
Infrared (IR) spectroscopy involves using IR radiation to analyze chemical bonds and molecular structures. The IR spectrum provides information on the types of chemical bonds and functional groups present in a compound. Most commonly, IR spectroscopy measures the absorption of IR radiation by a sample, though emission and reflection can also be used. The technique is widely applied to analyze organic materials, as well as some inorganic and organometallic compounds.
This document discusses different types of goods and market failures related to public goods and common resources. It defines excludable and rival goods, and categorizes the four types of goods: private goods, public goods, common resources, and natural monopolies. Public goods are neither excludable nor rival, leading to free-riding problems that prevent private provision. Common resources are rival but not excludable, resulting in overuse without regulation. The document also discusses government solutions like cost-benefit analysis and congestion pricing.
This document discusses public goods and their efficient provision. It defines public goods as nonrival and nonexcludable, meaning consumption by one person does not reduce availability to others and it is difficult to prevent others from consuming them. This leads to a free rider problem where people have an incentive to let others pay for public goods while still enjoying the benefits. While private markets fail to efficiently provide public goods due to this issue, government intervention through taxation can potentially solve the free rider problem and lead to more efficient outcomes. The document also discusses the debate around privatizing certain goods and services traditionally provided publicly.
This document discusses different types of economic goods and the role of public goods and common resources. It defines public goods as non-excludable and non-rival, which leads to market failure due to free-riding. As a solution, public authorities supply public goods through taxation. Common resources are rival but non-excludable, resulting in overexploitation in the "tragedy of the commons" without regulation or property rights enforced by the public administration. The document concludes that differentiating goods by excludability and rivalry is key to understanding the appropriate role of markets and government.
The document discusses the process of obtaining a patent in India. It begins by defining what a patent is - an exclusive privilege granted by the government for a limited period of time in exchange for full disclosure of an invention. It then outlines the requirements for an invention to be patentable, such as being novel, non-obvious and industrially applicable. The rest of the document details the patent application process in India, including how to draft a specification, required documents, publication and opposition periods, and examination criteria.
The document discusses India Post sending a legal notice to Paytm to stop using the word "postcard" in its products, as it is a generic term used in the postal service. Paytm then rebranded the product to "lifafa" which signifies gifting money in an envelope.
The document then provides information on trademarks and intellectual property offices in India. It defines trademarks and their functions in identifying products and quality. It discusses different types of trademarks like well-known, associated, and certification marks. Finally, it outlines who can apply for trademark registration in India, including individuals, companies, partnerships and more.
Related rights protect performers, producers, and broadcasting agencies. The Rome Convention of 1961 and WIPO Performances and Phonograms Treaty of 1996 established these rights, which include preventing recordings, broadcasts, and public communications, as well as moral rights. Examples include sporting events and concerts. The minimum duration of protection is 20 years from the end of the year of the performance, recording, or broadcast, though India's laws provide 25 years of protection for broadcasts and 50 years for performances.
Trademarks are signs used to distinguish goods and services between businesses. They should be distinctive, non-deceptive, and non-descriptive, taking various forms like words, names, symbols or colors. Trademarks are registered and protected from infringement for a certain period, with penalties including damages or destruction of infringing goods for those who pass off another's mark. International agreements facilitate trademark registration across borders.
This presentation includes basic of PCOS their pathology and treatment and also Ayurveda correlation of PCOS and Ayurvedic line of treatment mentioned in classics.
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
This slide is special for master students (MIBS & MIFB) in UUM. Also useful for readers who are interested in the topic of contemporary Islamic banking.
Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and InclusionTechSoup
Let’s explore the intersection of technology and equity in the final session of our DEI series. Discover how AI tools, like ChatGPT, can be used to support and enhance your nonprofit's DEI initiatives. Participants will gain insights into practical AI applications and get tips for leveraging technology to advance their DEI goals.
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Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
How to Add Chatter in the odoo 17 ERP ModuleCeline George
In Odoo, the chatter is like a chat tool that helps you work together on records. You can leave notes and track things, making it easier to talk with your team and partners. Inside chatter, all communication history, activity, and changes will be displayed.
The simplified electron and muon model, Oscillating Spacetime: The Foundation...RitikBhardwaj56
Discover the Simplified Electron and Muon Model: A New Wave-Based Approach to Understanding Particles delves into a groundbreaking theory that presents electrons and muons as rotating soliton waves within oscillating spacetime. Geared towards students, researchers, and science buffs, this book breaks down complex ideas into simple explanations. It covers topics such as electron waves, temporal dynamics, and the implications of this model on particle physics. With clear illustrations and easy-to-follow explanations, readers will gain a new outlook on the universe's fundamental nature.
Strategies for Effective Upskilling is a presentation by Chinwendu Peace in a Your Skill Boost Masterclass organisation by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan on 08th and 09th June 2024 from 1 PM to 3 PM on each day.
2. INTRODUCTION
Today’s world is growing very fast….
In this scenario, textile manufacturers are very much interested in
adopting new trends as well as focusing on improving the current
products.
There is a trend of using smart phones, smart TV’s and smart
computers, so is the case of smart textiles.
Solid foundations of scientific understanding have been laid to guide
the improved usage and processing technology of natural fibres and
the manufacturing of synthetic fibres.
3. Textiles can now be designed for specialized applications
• Optimized moisture
management
• Better heat flow control
• Improved thermal insulation
• Breathability
• High performance in hazard
protection
• Environmental friendly
• Increased abrasion resistance
• Health control and healing aid
• Body control
• Easy care
• High aesthetic appeal
• Enhanced handle
• High/low visibility
4. DEFINATION
Smart textiles are the textiles, which sense and react to
environmental condition or stimuli.
Examples-
A Trouser, which reminds you if you forgot your car keys.
A Smart skin, which warns you when you are exposed to a hazardous chemical.
A Intelligent keyboard, on which you can practically dance, fold and wash if it
is soiled.
A Jogging suit, which tunes to the climatic changes or to the physical condition
after exercise and further advice the jogger for the balanced action.
A Jacket, which is cooler in summer and warmer in winter. Further it entertains
the wearer with TV channels or computer games. Or connect with his friends on
phone for a chat.
5. We are inspired to mimic nature in order to create clothing
materials with higher levels of functions and smartness.
Cloning silk fibers was a first step
A new silk-like fiber was developed from the genes of a
spider’s secretion by researchers in a Montreal lab a few
years ago. As a result, a new strong and light fiber was
created, which is now used for applications where high
tensile strength is a requirement. This fiber is stronger than
stainless steel.
7. • According to the manner of reaction, ST (smart textiles)
can be divided into:
Passive smart materials, which can only sense the environmental
condition or stimuli, e.g.- Temperature measurement
Active smart materials, which sense and react to the condition or
stimuli, e.g.- Wearable Electronics
Very smart materials, which can sense, react and adapt
themselves accordingly, e.g.- Colour Changing materials
Intelligent materials, which are those capable of responding or
activated to perform a function in a manual or pre-programmed
manner.
8. HOW DOES A SMART MATERIAL WORK?
RESPONSE OR ACTION
ACTUATION
The actuators act upon the detected and evaluated signal either
directly or from a central control unit
PROCESSING
The processor analyzes and evaluates the signals
SENSING
The sensors provide a nerve system to detect signals
TRIGGER OR STIMULI
9. FIBERS IN FOCUS FOR SMART TEXTILES
• Micro denier nylons are soft and sumptuous with a dull
matte appearance for a natural look
• HolofiberTM is a responsive textile, accelerate muscle
recovery and build strength in the body.
• A textured yarn can achieve multicolor effects in one dye
bath. It is a combination of two modified nylons 6,6. One
nylon only accepts acid dyes and rejects cationic ones; the
other one acts the opposite way.
• Copper fibers have anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial and
anti-fungal properties.
10. • Copper is gradually absorbed upon direct contact with the
skin, improves blood circulation, increases energy and has
anti-arthritic properties
• Copolymers of polyester provide fabrics with a soft hand,
dimensional stability, moisture transportability, ease of
dyeing and colorfastness.
• Lastol, a new comfort stretch fiber is blended in cotton
shirts and blouses, garment-washed denims, casual shirts,
etc. for improved processing efficiencies with cotton feel
and easy care
11. SPEEDO FABRIC (SHARK SKIN)
SPEEDO Intentional, Japan has developed
mimic of shark skin which ensures easy
swimming.
In case of the swimwear, drag is the major
criteria for performance.
The sharkskin is made from specially developed
polyamide and Lycra fiber coated with Teflon to
prevent water penetration.
Also this fabric is knitted with 3-dimenssional
V-shaped groove with 3-D knitting principal.
With help of this V-shaped groove the friction
between water and swimmer is negligible and
drag up to zero. So this increases the efficiency
of the swimmer by 8-10%.
12. Touch Sensitive fabric
• Imagine a roll-up QWERTY keyboard, a jacket that
interfaces with your mobile phone, a television
remote control sewn into the arm of a sofa or light
switches embedded in curtains and carpets.
• These are just a number of innovative products made
possible using SOFT switch, a unique technology
developed to enable textiles to function as interfaces
to control any type of electronic device.
• Soft switch fabrics can interface directly with any
type of electronic device without the need for signal
processing or complex software.
13. SMART INTERIORS
(Textile switches)
• SOFT switch allows switching and pressure
sensing to be incorporated invisibly into
interior textiles in the home or office to
control lighting, security, temperature or
other electronic appliances.
For example,
• Interior environmental conditions can be
changed using wearable switches or by
touching wall coverings.
• Audio-visual remote controls can be
incorporated into soft furnishings.
• light switches/dimmers can be integrated
into seating upholstery or carpets. .
14. THERMAL PERFORMANCE ENHANCING FABRIC
• Hydroweave® provides extraordinary
protection against heat, actively cooling
the wearer through evaporation, and
helping to maintain the core body
temperature in high-heat environments
• It is a three-layer design that combines
special hydrophilic and hydrophobic
fibers into a fibrous batting core. The
batting is sandwiched between a
breathable outer shell fabric and a
thermally conductive, inner lining
15. FLASH DRIED FABRICS
3XDRY® finishing technology was
developed to provide a treatment that
retains water resistance on the face of
a fabric and increases wicking on the
back. The two functions are truly
separated within the fabric, which
remains highly breathable.
3XDRY® uses a special process to
apply a hydrophilic finish on the back
that wicks perspiration away from the
body, spreading it over the fabric, and
evaporating it quickly on the face. It
also has a hydrophobic finish that
repels water and dirt.
The fabric dries six to eight times
faster than untreated fabric.
3XDRY ® also incorporates a hygienic treatment
to control odor.
16. PHASE-CHANGE MATERIALS (HEAT STORAGE MATERIAL)
Specific for the phase-change materials is that they change between
solid and liquid (ice to water) state in the temperature range where the
material is used.
A change from solid to liquid (melting) involves the absorption of
heat, and similarly a change from liquid to solid (crystallization) the
release of heat.
17. PHASE CHANGE MATERIALS
• A melting heat-absorption temperature of 20-40˚ C and a crystallization of heat-
releasing temperature of 30-10˚ C are effective in clothing.
• The Phase-change materials currently used in textile structures are paraffin's. The
heat storage capacity is shown in Table
APPLICATIONS
• It can be applied when a person is moving frequently between warm and cold
environments or handling cold pieces.
• The absorption and releasing of heat is a repeatable cycle, which takes place at skin
temperature without unpleasant low and high temperature.
18. PHASE CHANGE MATERIALS
Outlast® temperature-regulating technology
effectively recycles body heat, keeping the
wearer’s skin temperature within a comfortable
range.
Outlast was first developed for use in astronaut
uniforms and as a protection for instruments
against the severe temperature changes in outer
space.
The technology is now used in apparel,
footwear, equipment and linens.
Outlast is a paraffin wax compound that is
micro-encapsulated into thousands of miniscule,
impenetrable, hard shells. It recycles body heat
by absorbing, storing, distributing and releasing
heat on a continuous basis, keeping the wearer’s
skin temperature within a comfortable range.
19. NANO TECHNOLOGY
Nano-particles are permanently attached
to cotton or synthetic fibers.
The change occurs at the molecular
level, and the particles can be configured
to imbue the fabric with various
attributes.
Nano-technology combines the
performance characteristics associated
with synthetics with the hand and feel of
cotton
Nano-fibers 1/1000 the size of a typical
cotton fiber are attached to the
individual fibers. The changes to the
fibers are undetectable and do not affect
the natural hand and breathability of the
fabric
Nano-fibers attached to cotton fibers
Nano-fibers cause liquids to roll off
20. WEARABLE TECHNOLOGY
Clothing is currently supposed to have more
functions than just certain climatic protection and
good look. These functions can be referred to
wearing and durability properties
A revolutionary new property of clothing is to
exchange information.
Clothing is now capable of recording, analyzing,
storing, sending and displaying data, which is a
new dimension if intelligent systems.
Clothing can extend the user’s senses, augment
the view of reality and provide useful information
anytime and anywhere the user goes.
Application fields are:
Working: displaying helpful data, connecting to
the internet or to other people
Medicine: monitoring health parameters
Security: detecting danger, calling for help
21. BIO-MIMICS
Fibers have been developed that can quickly
change their color, hue, depth of shade or
optical transparency by application of an
electrical or magnetic field could have
applications in coatings,additives or stand
alone fibers.
Varying the electrical or magnetic field
changes the optical properties of certain
oligomeric and molecular moieties by
altering their absorption coefficients in the
visible spectrum as a result of changes in
their molecular structure
The change in color is due to the absence of
specific wavelengths of light; it varies due
to structural changes with the application of
an electromagnetic field.
22. WIND-STOPPER FABRICS
These types of fabrics are used during trekking on
mountain in windy weather.
Windproof clothing prevents convective heat transfer.
Convective heat loss is a significant factor in causing
discomfort.
In cool or cold, windy condition windproof clothing
keeps us warmer by preventing convective heat loss
(the wind chill effect) and the discomfort associated
with it.
Wearing windproof clothing prevents the
displacement of warm air with cold air in the
microclimate next to our skin.
When wearing a windproof layer, we can maintain
our warmth with less insulation in windy conditions.
The benefit is greater warmth and comfort.
WIND-STOPPER fabric products are new generation
of fabrics designed to offer maximum warmth, high
breath ability.
.
23. Patented Bipolar construction has two unique
surfaces: The soft inner layer rapidly wicks
perspiration away from the body, while the
durable outer layer spreads moisture for
maximum evaporation.
ideal for sports that create significant body
moisture due to high exertion and aerobic activity.
Body Climate System
It maintains a comfortable climate between your
skin and your clothing, regardless of activity or
environment.
These fabrics are engineered to attain the ultimate
Body Climate for Peak performance, because
They work together to keep the body dry by
managing Perspiration, keeps the body warm by
trapping heat, and protect from the weather
Blocking wind and water.
Polartec's Body Climate System consists of a
Moisture Control layer, Temperature Control
layers, and Element Control layer.
POWER DRY FABRICS
( POLARTEC BODY CLIMATE® SYSTEM)
24. SMART MILITARY UNIFORM
The uniform is equipped with optical fibers, which can detect an injury such as by bullet and
send information to the concerned center. The signal’s magnitude would depend on the force
applied on the fiber that can be considered as the severity of the injury and priority of
treatment can be decided by this information. This would help also in reaching or locating
injured soldiers in the battlefield or rescue operation.
The US military’s land warrior program is arming soldiers with the uniform containing
protective gear and body armor and computer. The headgear shows battle plans soldier
position transmitted over a wireless LAN. It also consists of a microphone. The radio cum
computer on the back or on the arms is powered by lithium battery. At chest another strap
contains Solider Control Unit for interfacing with computer.
The goal will be to increase the "protection and survivability" of US soldiers with new
technologies that target six priorities:
Threat Detection;
Threat Neutralization;
Automated Medical Treatment;
Concealment;
Enhanced Human Performance.
Reduced Logistical Footprint.
25. USE OF SMART SHIRT IN MEDICAL SCIENCE
• Intelligent Shirt could enhance communication between the wearer and his or her health
professional. For example, the Intelligent Shirt could be outfitted for patients who return
home from surgery, so that their doctors could monitor their vital information. This kind of
monitoring would also be helpful for patients in rural areas who are far from medical
professionals.
• Wearing the Intelligent Shirt and knowing that their health is continuing to be monitored
remotely may allay their fears and help them recovery more quickly and successfully.
• Intelligent Shirt could also be used to learn more about mentally ill patients. These patients
need constant monitoring in order to get a better understanding of how tier vital signs are
related to their behavior patterns. This information could help doctors determine the effects of
the treatment mentally ill patients receive and could help doctors decide how and if the
treatment should be adjusted.
• Astronauts also need constant monitoring of their vital statistics, and the Intelligent Shirt
could help people on the earth understand the effects of the environment in outer space on the
body.
• Additionally, the " Intelligent Shirt" can be tailored to fit anyone, like any other shirt. For
example, a baby wearing a Intelligent Shirt could have his or her vital signs monitored. This
would be especially helpful since some babies are prone to sudden infant death syndrome
(SIDS), which often strikes unexpectedly during sleep.
• Athletes could also use the monitoring system during practice and competitions to track and
enhance performance.
26. DETECTION OF VITAL SIGNALS
Sensatex is developing a SmartShirt™ System
specifically for the protection of public safety
personnel, namely firefighters, police officers,
and rescue teams. Used in conjunction with a
wireless-enabled radio system, the SmartShirt™
can monitor the health and safety of public
safety personnel/victims trapped in a building or
underneath rubble with the ability to detect the
exact location of victims through positioning
capability. In addition to monitoring vital signs,
the system can detect the extent of falls, and the
presence of hazardous gases; it also offers two-
way voice communication
27. GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM (GPS)
Textiles integrated with sensory devices driven
by a GPS can detect a user’s exact location
anytime and in any weather. Interactive
electronic textiles with integrated GPS enhance
safety by quickly locating the wearer and
allowing the suit to be heated. GPS can provide
added safety for firefighters and emergency
personnel by facilitating offsite monitoring of
vitals.
28. Wireless, hands-free communication
Fabric area networks (FANs) enable electronic devices to exchange
digital information, power, and control signals within the user’s personal
space and remote locations. FANs use wireless RF communication links
using currents measuring one nanoamp; these currents can transmit data
at speed equivalent to a 2400-baud modem
29. Cooling – Warming System
A new high-tech vest has been developed to help keep
soldiers, firefighters, etc. alive in the searing temperatures
of deserts, mines and major fires. The vest uses a
personal cooling system (PCS), which is based on heat
pipe technology which works by collecting body heat
through vapor filled cavities in a vest worn on the body.
The heat is then transferred via a flexible heat pipe to the
atmosphere with the help of an evaporative cooling heat
exchanger. The heat exchanger is similar in principle to a
bush fridge where a cold cloth is put over a container and
the temperature drop caused by evaporation keeps the
food cool. It is designed to be worn by personnel
underneath NBC (nuclear, biological and chemical)
clothing, body armor and other protective clothing.
30. Warning Signaling
A combination of sensors and small flexible light emitting displays
(FLED) can receive and respond to stimuli from the body, enabling a
warning signal to be displayed or sent.
The sensors can monitor EKG, heart rate, respiration, temperature, and
pulse oximetry readings. If vital signals were below critical values, a
FLED would automatically display, for example, a flashing red light, and
a wireless communication system could send a distress signal to a remote
location.
31. CONCLUSION
“SMART TEXTILES” are no more fairy tales and a reality today.
Many products are being commercially launched from the year
2000/2001.
Their usefulness is unquestionable and cost is worth paying compared
to the quality of the service received.
Manufacturing them commercially may have good scope, if we take
initiative ahead of others.
Now our garment industries should immediately think in those lines.
Since they are specialty products, obviously profit margin could be
higher, a gold mine, DON’T MISS IT.