The document discusses three common types of skin malignancies: basal cell carcinoma (BCC), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and melanoma. It compares their risk factors, clinical behavior, risks of metastasis and death. Prognosis in melanoma depends on how early it is detected and staging. Melanoma risk is higher in some groups. Benign pigmented skin lesions are common, but melanoma poses the greatest threat due to potential spread. The document also describes skin structure from epidermis to subcutaneous fat.

1. Skin tumour 1
learning objective
understand the range
of types of skin
tumours
be able to compare
and contrast the
three common or
important types of
skin malignancy(BCC,
SCC, melanoma)
risk factor
clinical behaviour
risk of mets/death
on what does the
prognosis in
melanoma depends
how is melanoma
staged?
how melanoma
detected early and
are some people
more at risk than
others?
what are melanocyti naevi
skin disease
skin
neoplasm/tumours
rarely pose threat to
patient's life except
for melanoma
pigmented skin
lesions common, not
all necessarily
melanocytic, most
melanocytic lesions
naevi
structure of skin
from superficial to deep
epidermis
stratified squamous
epithelium
layered
dysplasia=showing
disorderly maturation and
abnormal cytological
features
UV light(esp UV-B) causes
DNA damage
specialised for keratin
production, barrier
exposed to external
damage(UV light)
contain melanocytesproduce melanin pigment
transferred to adjacent
squamous cells
protec nucleus of
squamous cells againts UV
damage to DNA
contains langerhan's
cell(specialised antigen
presenting cell)
dermis
loose connective tissue
supporting epidermis
contains
fibrous and adipose
connective tissue
blood and lymphatic vessels
nerves
smooth muscle(blood
vessels, erector pili)
inflammatory
cells(lymphocytes,
macrophages, and mast
cells)
skin appendages
pilo-sebacous units - hair
follicle and atttach
sebacous glands
sweat glandseccrine and apocrine
if dermis and superficial
dermis damaged or
removed, epidermis
regenerates from
surviving skin appendage
epithelium
subcutaneous fat
- - Mindjet