this SIM (Strategic Intervention Material)
include a short discussion about evaporation and vaporization
it include enrichment and activity about the topic
Evaporation is the process where a liquid vaporizes below its boiling point. There are four main factors that affect the rate of evaporation: temperature, humidity, wind speed, and surface area. Higher temperatures, lower humidity, stronger winds, and larger surface areas all increase the rate at which evaporation occurs as they enhance the vapor pressure difference between the evaporating surface and the surrounding air.
The document discusses evaporation and different types of evaporators used in evaporation processes. It defines evaporation as the process of removing water or other volatile solvent from an aqueous solution by heating. Various factors that affect evaporation rate are also outlined, such as temperature, vapor pressure, surface area, etc. Different types of evaporators described include open kettle, horizontal tube, vertical tube, falling film, forced circulation, and multiple effect evaporators. Applications of evaporation in industries like pharmaceuticals, food processing, and water treatment are also mentioned.
PPT FOR CBSE, ICSE BOARD,
CHAPTER 1: MATTER IN OUR SURROUNDING
MATTER, PROPERTIES OF MATTER, CHARACTERISTICS OF MATTER, DIFFUSION, EVAPORATION, SUBLIMATION, KEY OINTS, NOTES.
EXPERIMENTS: PARTICLES OF MATTER ARE VERY SMALL
PARTICLES OF MATTER ARE ALWAYS MOVING
PARTICLES OF MATTER HAVE SPACE BETWEEN THEM.
POTASSIUM PERMANGANATE EXPERIMENT
The document summarizes different types of evaporators used in industrial processes. It describes evaporators as equipment used to reduce volume, remove water, and improve storage life. It then provides details on various evaporator types including small scale methods using pans or stills, and large scale methods like calandria, climbing film, and horizontal film evaporators. Key factors affecting evaporation rates like temperature, surface area, and agitation are also summarized.
Pressure is determined by the force acting on a surface area. It depends on two factors - the force applied and the area over which that force is spread. Pressure increases with greater force or smaller surface area. In liquids, pressure is transmitted equally in all directions and increases with depth. Atmospheric pressure from gases also increases when the temperature is higher or when there is more air/gas content. Instruments like mercury barometers and manometers can be used to measure gas and liquid pressures.
Heat can be transferred through three methods: conduction, convection, and radiation. Conduction involves the transfer of heat between objects in direct contact through vibrations of atoms. Convection involves the transfer of heat by the circulation of fluids like air and water. Radiation involves the transfer of heat through electromagnetic waves and does not require a medium. Each method allows for heat to travel from warmer to cooler regions until thermal equilibrium is reached.
Evaporation is the process where a liquid vaporizes below its boiling point. There are four main factors that affect the rate of evaporation: temperature, humidity, wind speed, and surface area. Higher temperatures, lower humidity, stronger winds, and larger surface areas all increase the rate at which evaporation occurs as they enhance the vapor pressure difference between the evaporating surface and the surrounding air.
The document discusses evaporation and different types of evaporators used in evaporation processes. It defines evaporation as the process of removing water or other volatile solvent from an aqueous solution by heating. Various factors that affect evaporation rate are also outlined, such as temperature, vapor pressure, surface area, etc. Different types of evaporators described include open kettle, horizontal tube, vertical tube, falling film, forced circulation, and multiple effect evaporators. Applications of evaporation in industries like pharmaceuticals, food processing, and water treatment are also mentioned.
PPT FOR CBSE, ICSE BOARD,
CHAPTER 1: MATTER IN OUR SURROUNDING
MATTER, PROPERTIES OF MATTER, CHARACTERISTICS OF MATTER, DIFFUSION, EVAPORATION, SUBLIMATION, KEY OINTS, NOTES.
EXPERIMENTS: PARTICLES OF MATTER ARE VERY SMALL
PARTICLES OF MATTER ARE ALWAYS MOVING
PARTICLES OF MATTER HAVE SPACE BETWEEN THEM.
POTASSIUM PERMANGANATE EXPERIMENT
The document summarizes different types of evaporators used in industrial processes. It describes evaporators as equipment used to reduce volume, remove water, and improve storage life. It then provides details on various evaporator types including small scale methods using pans or stills, and large scale methods like calandria, climbing film, and horizontal film evaporators. Key factors affecting evaporation rates like temperature, surface area, and agitation are also summarized.
Pressure is determined by the force acting on a surface area. It depends on two factors - the force applied and the area over which that force is spread. Pressure increases with greater force or smaller surface area. In liquids, pressure is transmitted equally in all directions and increases with depth. Atmospheric pressure from gases also increases when the temperature is higher or when there is more air/gas content. Instruments like mercury barometers and manometers can be used to measure gas and liquid pressures.
Heat can be transferred through three methods: conduction, convection, and radiation. Conduction involves the transfer of heat between objects in direct contact through vibrations of atoms. Convection involves the transfer of heat by the circulation of fluids like air and water. Radiation involves the transfer of heat through electromagnetic waves and does not require a medium. Each method allows for heat to travel from warmer to cooler regions until thermal equilibrium is reached.
Evaporation is a process used in the food industry to remove water from raw materials or foodstuffs to produce a more concentrated final product. It involves heating a liquid to vaporize its water content. Some key points:
- Evaporation is used extensively in concentrating fruit and vegetable juices, milk, coffee extracts and in refining sugar and salt.
- It reduces the weight, volume, storage and transportation costs of products while improving storage stability.
- Multiple effect evaporators are more energy efficient as they use steam from one chamber to heat the next, allowing more water to be evaporated with the same amount of steam.
- Food quality must be maintained during evaporation to minimize losses of nutrients
1) Pressure is equal to force divided by area and is measured in Pascals. Fluids exert pressure on all surfaces they touch due to the force of their molecules.
2) Water pressure increases greatly with depth - at the bottom of the Mariana Trench it is over 1,100 times atmospheric pressure. According to Pascal's principle, pressure changes in a fluid are transmitted equally in all directions.
3) Buoyant force, which causes things to float, is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced and depends on the relative densities of the object and fluid. Ship hulls are able to displace enough water to float despite being made of dense steel.
Evaporation is the process where a liquid is converted into a gas below the boiling point due to heat. It occurs at the surface of the liquid as mass is transferred from the surface. Several factors affect evaporation such as temperature, vapor pressure, surface area, and time. Common evaporators used are steam jacketed kettles, horizontal tube evaporators, and rising film evaporators. Steam jacketed kettles are simple but less efficient while rising film evaporators provide a large heat transfer area and minimize contact time.
The document discusses the properties of solids, liquids, and gases. It explains that in solids, particles are close together and move slowly, holding a definite shape. In liquids, particles are farther apart and move faster than solids but not as fast as gases, taking the shape of their container. Gases have particles very far apart that move very quickly with no definite shape. It also defines the three phases of matter as solids, liquids, and gases and explains that adding or removing energy causes phase changes between them. When heated, particles in solids, liquids, and gases move faster, causing expansion.
Vapour pressure is the pressure exerted by a vapour in equilibrium with its condensed phases at a given temperature. It is a measure of how easily a substance transitions into a gas. The Antoine equation relates vapour pressure to temperature using substance-specific coefficients, and allows one to calculate vapour pressure. Water boils when its vapour pressure equals atmospheric pressure, which occurs at 100°C according to the Antoine equation for water. Understanding vapour pressure helps explain physics concepts related to changes of state.
The document discusses vapor pressure and boiling points. It explains that vapor pressure increases with temperature as more liquid molecules escape into the gas phase, creating pressure above the liquid. Boiling occurs when vapor pressure equals atmospheric pressure. Boiling point depends on the strength of molecular attractions, with stronger attractions yielding higher boiling points. Boiling points change with pressure, with lower pressure resulting in lower boiling points and higher pressure yielding higher boiling points.
1. Matter is anything that occupies space and has mass. Matter exists in three states: solid, liquid, and gas.
2. Matter can be classified physically based on its state as solid, liquid, or gas, or chemically based on its composition as pure substances or mixtures.
3. The physical properties of matter depend on the behavior of its tiny particles. Particles are in constant motion and attract each other, though they have space between them in all states.
Condensation is the change of water from vapor to liquid. It occurs when water vapor condenses, such as from visible breath on a cold day or morning dews on grass. Condensation can be observed using a condenser, which cools vapors until they condense into liquids. An experiment demonstrates condensation by placing a glass over a tub of boiling water covered with a plastic wrap and ice. Vapors from the tub hit the cold ice and condense into liquid droplets inside the plastic wrap, which collect in the glass to produce purified water. Factors like temperature, humidity, and density affect condensation rates.
This document provides instructions for measuring mass, volume, and using the ruler method and water displacement method to calculate volume. It discusses that mass is a measurement of the amount of matter in an object measured in grams. Volume is the amount of space an object takes up, and can be calculated using the ruler method of length x width x height or the water displacement method. The water displacement method involves measuring the increase in water level when an object is submerged.
Forces in fluids can be summarized as follows:
1) Newton's laws apply to all forces, including those exerted by fluids like gases and liquids. Gravity and friction are key forces that affect motion in fluids.
2) Pressure in fluids depends on the force applied and the area over which it is applied. It describes how concentrated a force is and can be calculated as force divided by area.
3) Fluids exert buoyant forces on objects within them depending on factors like the object and fluid densities. Bernoulli's principle and Pascal's principle describe how pressure changes within moving fluids.
Evaporation is the process by which a liquid is converted into vapor below the boiling point. There are four main factors that affect the rate of evaporation: temperature, humidity, wind speed, and surface area. Higher temperatures, lower humidity, stronger winds, and larger surface areas of liquid all increase the rate at which evaporation occurs.
This document discusses evaporation and different types of evaporators used in evaporation processes. It begins by defining evaporation as the process of vaporizing a solvent from a solution below the boiling point of the solvent, leaving a concentrated product. It then discusses various factors that influence the evaporation rate, such as temperature, surface area, vapor pressure, and concentration of the solution. The document goes on to classify different types of evaporators, including natural circulation evaporators, forced circulation evaporators, and multiple effect evaporators. It provides details on the design and working of pan evaporators, tube evaporators, film evaporators, and forced circulation evaporators.
The document discusses evaporation, humidity measurement, and condensation. It defines evaporation as a liquid turning into a gas due to increased energy, and discusses factors that affect the evaporation rate like temperature, vapor pressure, surface area, and time of evaporation. It also explains humidity measurement using water mixing ratio and relative humidity. Finally, it defines condensation as water changing from gas to liquid phases, and describes how it occurs in the atmosphere through cooling of warm air as well as at ground level as fog.
Surface tension is caused by intermolecular forces that cause liquid molecules to stick together. This gives the surface of the liquid elastic properties. Surface tension allows water bugs to walk on water by distributing their weight to depress the surface without breaking through. It causes water to form spherical drops and objects like needles to float. Higher surface tension at lower temperatures causes folds in milk fat layers. Surface tension decreases with increasing temperature as intermolecular forces weaken. It can be calculated using the formula that divides the dragging force by the length of the surface or the work done divided by the change in surface area.
This document discusses phase changes of matter between solid, liquid, and gas states. It explains that melting is the process where a solid turns into a liquid when heat is added, as the particles gain energy and move freely. Freezing is the reverse process where a liquid turns into a solid when heat is removed, forcing the particles to slow down and form a rigid structure. Water's freezing point is given as 0 degrees Celsius. Students are directed to explain particle behavior during melting/freezing of ice and candle wax using the particle model of matter, and predict what would happen if the liquids were left in certain conditions.
1. Heat transfer is the process of transfer of heat from a high temperature system to a low temperature system, and can occur through three modes: conduction, convection, and radiation.
2. There are different types of heat transfer based on whether convection occurs naturally via fluid currents or is forced through external means like pumps. Key applications of heat transfer include evaporation, distillation, drying, and sterilization.
3. The rate of heat transfer depends on factors like temperature difference, surface area, thickness, and the thermal conductivity or heat transfer coefficients of materials. Mechanisms like conduction follow Fourier's Law while convection involves heat transfer through fluid layers and stagnant films at surfaces.
This document discusses density and how to calculate it by dividing mass by volume. It provides the formula, D = m/v, and examples of calculating density when given the mass and volume of different objects, or using density and one value to find the other. Density can be used to determine if an object will float or sink in water based on its density compared to the density of water.
Heat transfer occurs through three mechanisms: conduction, convection, and radiation. Conduction involves the transfer of energy between adjacent atoms without bulk motion. Convection relies on the bulk motion of a fluid like gas or liquid to transfer heat. Radiation transfers heat through electromagnetic waves. Fourier's law describes conduction as directly proportional to the temperature difference and area and inversely proportional to thickness. Resistance to heat flow can occur in series or parallel. Convection involves heat transfer through a thin boundary film at a surface.
The document describes an interactive student tool called the Strategic Interactive Intervention Material (SIIM) that uses guide cards, activity cards, assessment cards, and reference cards to help students develop their understanding of grammar topics in English, including the topic of adverbs. The cards include activities for students to identify and classify examples of adverbs based on their time, place, manner, or degree. The document provides answers and explanations to the adverb activities and exercises included in the various cards.
The document discusses evaporation and the factors that affect the rate of evaporation, including temperature, surface area, humidity, and air movement. It explains that evaporation is a cooling process where fast-moving liquid particles escape at the surface and enter the vapor phase, lowering the temperature of the remaining liquid. Condensation is described as the opposite process of evaporation. Examples are provided to illustrate how to calculate the energy required for evaporation and the increase in body temperature if that energy was not removed through sweating during exercise.
Evaporation is a process used in the food industry to remove water from raw materials or foodstuffs to produce a more concentrated final product. It involves heating a liquid to vaporize its water content. Some key points:
- Evaporation is used extensively in concentrating fruit and vegetable juices, milk, coffee extracts and in refining sugar and salt.
- It reduces the weight, volume, storage and transportation costs of products while improving storage stability.
- Multiple effect evaporators are more energy efficient as they use steam from one chamber to heat the next, allowing more water to be evaporated with the same amount of steam.
- Food quality must be maintained during evaporation to minimize losses of nutrients
1) Pressure is equal to force divided by area and is measured in Pascals. Fluids exert pressure on all surfaces they touch due to the force of their molecules.
2) Water pressure increases greatly with depth - at the bottom of the Mariana Trench it is over 1,100 times atmospheric pressure. According to Pascal's principle, pressure changes in a fluid are transmitted equally in all directions.
3) Buoyant force, which causes things to float, is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced and depends on the relative densities of the object and fluid. Ship hulls are able to displace enough water to float despite being made of dense steel.
Evaporation is the process where a liquid is converted into a gas below the boiling point due to heat. It occurs at the surface of the liquid as mass is transferred from the surface. Several factors affect evaporation such as temperature, vapor pressure, surface area, and time. Common evaporators used are steam jacketed kettles, horizontal tube evaporators, and rising film evaporators. Steam jacketed kettles are simple but less efficient while rising film evaporators provide a large heat transfer area and minimize contact time.
The document discusses the properties of solids, liquids, and gases. It explains that in solids, particles are close together and move slowly, holding a definite shape. In liquids, particles are farther apart and move faster than solids but not as fast as gases, taking the shape of their container. Gases have particles very far apart that move very quickly with no definite shape. It also defines the three phases of matter as solids, liquids, and gases and explains that adding or removing energy causes phase changes between them. When heated, particles in solids, liquids, and gases move faster, causing expansion.
Vapour pressure is the pressure exerted by a vapour in equilibrium with its condensed phases at a given temperature. It is a measure of how easily a substance transitions into a gas. The Antoine equation relates vapour pressure to temperature using substance-specific coefficients, and allows one to calculate vapour pressure. Water boils when its vapour pressure equals atmospheric pressure, which occurs at 100°C according to the Antoine equation for water. Understanding vapour pressure helps explain physics concepts related to changes of state.
The document discusses vapor pressure and boiling points. It explains that vapor pressure increases with temperature as more liquid molecules escape into the gas phase, creating pressure above the liquid. Boiling occurs when vapor pressure equals atmospheric pressure. Boiling point depends on the strength of molecular attractions, with stronger attractions yielding higher boiling points. Boiling points change with pressure, with lower pressure resulting in lower boiling points and higher pressure yielding higher boiling points.
1. Matter is anything that occupies space and has mass. Matter exists in three states: solid, liquid, and gas.
2. Matter can be classified physically based on its state as solid, liquid, or gas, or chemically based on its composition as pure substances or mixtures.
3. The physical properties of matter depend on the behavior of its tiny particles. Particles are in constant motion and attract each other, though they have space between them in all states.
Condensation is the change of water from vapor to liquid. It occurs when water vapor condenses, such as from visible breath on a cold day or morning dews on grass. Condensation can be observed using a condenser, which cools vapors until they condense into liquids. An experiment demonstrates condensation by placing a glass over a tub of boiling water covered with a plastic wrap and ice. Vapors from the tub hit the cold ice and condense into liquid droplets inside the plastic wrap, which collect in the glass to produce purified water. Factors like temperature, humidity, and density affect condensation rates.
This document provides instructions for measuring mass, volume, and using the ruler method and water displacement method to calculate volume. It discusses that mass is a measurement of the amount of matter in an object measured in grams. Volume is the amount of space an object takes up, and can be calculated using the ruler method of length x width x height or the water displacement method. The water displacement method involves measuring the increase in water level when an object is submerged.
Forces in fluids can be summarized as follows:
1) Newton's laws apply to all forces, including those exerted by fluids like gases and liquids. Gravity and friction are key forces that affect motion in fluids.
2) Pressure in fluids depends on the force applied and the area over which it is applied. It describes how concentrated a force is and can be calculated as force divided by area.
3) Fluids exert buoyant forces on objects within them depending on factors like the object and fluid densities. Bernoulli's principle and Pascal's principle describe how pressure changes within moving fluids.
Evaporation is the process by which a liquid is converted into vapor below the boiling point. There are four main factors that affect the rate of evaporation: temperature, humidity, wind speed, and surface area. Higher temperatures, lower humidity, stronger winds, and larger surface areas of liquid all increase the rate at which evaporation occurs.
This document discusses evaporation and different types of evaporators used in evaporation processes. It begins by defining evaporation as the process of vaporizing a solvent from a solution below the boiling point of the solvent, leaving a concentrated product. It then discusses various factors that influence the evaporation rate, such as temperature, surface area, vapor pressure, and concentration of the solution. The document goes on to classify different types of evaporators, including natural circulation evaporators, forced circulation evaporators, and multiple effect evaporators. It provides details on the design and working of pan evaporators, tube evaporators, film evaporators, and forced circulation evaporators.
The document discusses evaporation, humidity measurement, and condensation. It defines evaporation as a liquid turning into a gas due to increased energy, and discusses factors that affect the evaporation rate like temperature, vapor pressure, surface area, and time of evaporation. It also explains humidity measurement using water mixing ratio and relative humidity. Finally, it defines condensation as water changing from gas to liquid phases, and describes how it occurs in the atmosphere through cooling of warm air as well as at ground level as fog.
Surface tension is caused by intermolecular forces that cause liquid molecules to stick together. This gives the surface of the liquid elastic properties. Surface tension allows water bugs to walk on water by distributing their weight to depress the surface without breaking through. It causes water to form spherical drops and objects like needles to float. Higher surface tension at lower temperatures causes folds in milk fat layers. Surface tension decreases with increasing temperature as intermolecular forces weaken. It can be calculated using the formula that divides the dragging force by the length of the surface or the work done divided by the change in surface area.
This document discusses phase changes of matter between solid, liquid, and gas states. It explains that melting is the process where a solid turns into a liquid when heat is added, as the particles gain energy and move freely. Freezing is the reverse process where a liquid turns into a solid when heat is removed, forcing the particles to slow down and form a rigid structure. Water's freezing point is given as 0 degrees Celsius. Students are directed to explain particle behavior during melting/freezing of ice and candle wax using the particle model of matter, and predict what would happen if the liquids were left in certain conditions.
1. Heat transfer is the process of transfer of heat from a high temperature system to a low temperature system, and can occur through three modes: conduction, convection, and radiation.
2. There are different types of heat transfer based on whether convection occurs naturally via fluid currents or is forced through external means like pumps. Key applications of heat transfer include evaporation, distillation, drying, and sterilization.
3. The rate of heat transfer depends on factors like temperature difference, surface area, thickness, and the thermal conductivity or heat transfer coefficients of materials. Mechanisms like conduction follow Fourier's Law while convection involves heat transfer through fluid layers and stagnant films at surfaces.
This document discusses density and how to calculate it by dividing mass by volume. It provides the formula, D = m/v, and examples of calculating density when given the mass and volume of different objects, or using density and one value to find the other. Density can be used to determine if an object will float or sink in water based on its density compared to the density of water.
Heat transfer occurs through three mechanisms: conduction, convection, and radiation. Conduction involves the transfer of energy between adjacent atoms without bulk motion. Convection relies on the bulk motion of a fluid like gas or liquid to transfer heat. Radiation transfers heat through electromagnetic waves. Fourier's law describes conduction as directly proportional to the temperature difference and area and inversely proportional to thickness. Resistance to heat flow can occur in series or parallel. Convection involves heat transfer through a thin boundary film at a surface.
The document describes an interactive student tool called the Strategic Interactive Intervention Material (SIIM) that uses guide cards, activity cards, assessment cards, and reference cards to help students develop their understanding of grammar topics in English, including the topic of adverbs. The cards include activities for students to identify and classify examples of adverbs based on their time, place, manner, or degree. The document provides answers and explanations to the adverb activities and exercises included in the various cards.
The document discusses evaporation and the factors that affect the rate of evaporation, including temperature, surface area, humidity, and air movement. It explains that evaporation is a cooling process where fast-moving liquid particles escape at the surface and enter the vapor phase, lowering the temperature of the remaining liquid. Condensation is described as the opposite process of evaporation. Examples are provided to illustrate how to calculate the energy required for evaporation and the increase in body temperature if that energy was not removed through sweating during exercise.
Here are some examples of verb tenses in sentences:
Present Tense:
- I walk to school every day.
- She studies hard for her exams.
Past Tense:
- I walked to school yesterday.
- They studied all night for the test.
Future Tense:
- I will walk to school tomorrow.
- She will study more for the next exam.
By changing the form of the verb, we can indicate whether an action happened in the past, is happening now, or will happen in the future. Identifying the verb tense helps the reader understand when events are occurring.
Distillation is a technique used to separate mixtures based on differences in their boiling points. It involves heating a liquid to create vapor, which is then cooled and separated from the original liquid. Evaporation occurs below the boiling point and only at the surface of a liquid, while boiling occurs at or above the boiling point throughout the entire liquid mass. Sublimation is the transition of a substance directly from the solid phase to the gas phase without passing through a liquid phase. Filtration is used to separate particles from fluids by dissolving one component and allowing it to pass through a filter while retaining the other.
Science intervention material SCIENCE PHOTOSYNTHESISarjeanmedel
This document is a science intervention material that provides instruction on the concepts of force and work. It uses examples, activities, and problems to teach students about different types of forces (contact vs. non-contact), what qualifies as work being done, and how to calculate work using various formulas. The material guides students through worked examples and encourages them to identify forces and calculate work in different situations. It also includes a game to help students learn related vocabulary words. The overall document aims to build students' understanding of key physics concepts through interactive lessons and practice problems.
Strategic Intervention Material (SIM) Science-CIRCULATORY AND RESPIRATORY SYSTEMSophia Marie Verdeflor
The document provides information about the circulatory system. It explains that the circulatory system is responsible for transporting nutrients, water, oxygen, and waste throughout the body using the heart, blood vessels, and blood. The heart pumps blood through a network of arteries, veins, and capillaries. Arteries carry oxygenated blood away from the heart while veins carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart. Capillaries allow for the exchange of gases, water, and nutrients between blood and body tissues. The document also describes the components and functions of the heart and blood in more detail.
After a summative test, some students failed to pass. The document discusses Strategic Intervention Material (SIM), which is instructional material meant to re-teach concepts and skills not mastered by students. SIM consists of guide cards, activity cards, assessment cards, enrichment cards, and reference cards to provide a multifaceted approach for students to become independent learners. Teachers are encouraged to use SIM for students who need remedial help to master competencies.
Distillation is a process that separates substances in a liquid mixture by vaporizing the mixture and condensing the vapor based on differences in volatility. Fractional distillation further separates mixtures into fractions by heating to temperatures where individual components vaporize, allowing separation by boiling point.
Simplest Formula Clausius-Clapeyron EquationsStephen
This document appears to be a series of worksheets for students on the Clausius-Clapeyron equation. The worksheets provide instructions for students to collect vapor pressure data for hexane at different temperatures and complete tables of values. Students are then asked to plot the data and use it to calculate values like the enthalpy of vaporization and vapor pressures at other temperatures. The worksheets provide practice applying the Clausius-Clapeyron equation to analyze real experimental vapor pressure data.
The water cycle has four main stages: evaporation, condensation, precipitation, and accumulation. Evaporation occurs when sun heats water, turning it into vapor or steam which enters the air. Condensation is the opposite process where water vapor in the atmosphere cools and condenses into liquid water droplets to form clouds. Precipitation occurs when water in clouds becomes too heavy and falls to earth as rain, snow, sleet or hail. Accumulation is when precipitation collects on land or in bodies of water, completing the cycle.
PBH101 Group Presentation on MGD-4 Reduce Child MortalityGaulib Haidar
This group presentation discusses child mortality as it relates to Millennium Development Goal 4. It introduces the group members and provides background on the MDGs, defining them as goals established by the UN to be achieved by 2015. It defines child mortality as deaths under age 5 and discusses the main causes. The presentation outlines strategies to prevent child mortality, such as immunization programs and improving access to healthcare. It notes that progress has been made in reducing child mortality but that more work remains to be done to meet MDG targets by 2015.
Dokumen ini membahas persamaan Clapeyron untuk menggambarkan hubungan antara tekanan uap dan suhu untuk transisi fase solid-gas dan liquid-gas. Persamaan ini menggunakan persamaan gas ideal dan asumsi bahwa energi bebas Gibb's tidak berubah selama transisi fase untuk menghitung tekanan uap sebagai fungsi suhu dan menyelesaikan masalah contoh untuk menentukan fase zat pada kondisi tertentu.
The Clausius-Clapeyron equation relates the rate of change of vapor pressure with temperature to the latent heat of vaporization. It is derived by considering a system where a liquid and its vapor are in equilibrium and the piston containing them is moved in or out at constant temperature. This causes vaporization or condensation while keeping the Gibbs free energy constant. Taking into account the relationships between internal energy, entropy, and volume changes leads to the final form of the Clausius-Clapeyron equation.
The document appears to be an exercise from a science textbook that asks students to identify plants as either flowering or non-flowering. It provides a series of plants and asks students to label them. It also includes an activity with letters scattered in a grid that spells out different plant names. The document concludes by listing references used to create the textbook.
This document describes the differences between freezing, melting, and evaporation. It defines these terms and explains factors that influence their rates. Freezing is a change from liquid to solid, melting is solid to liquid, and evaporation is liquid to gas below the boiling point. Temperature, size/shape, conduction, humidity, and composition affect rates. Higher temperatures speed melting and evaporation, while lower temperatures speed freezing. Smaller pieces melt/freeze faster due to more surface area. Good conductors transfer heat/cold faster. Evaporation is slowest in high humidity.
This document introduces a strategic intervention material for teaching basketball. It contains objectives, activities, and assessments to help students understand the rules of basketball and benefits of team sports. The activities include a message relay game to teach referee signals and having students officiate sample basketball games. Assessments evaluate the physical, emotional, mental and social benefits of playing basketball with family.
The document discusses the melting and boiling points of water in Celsius. It states that water melts at 0°C and boils at 100°C. It then provides several multiple choice questions about these temperatures, explaining whether each answer choice is correct or incorrect based on these melting and boiling points of water.
Evaporation, transpiration and evapotranspirationStudent
1) Evaporation, transpiration, and evapotranspiration are key processes in the hydrological cycle. Evaporation is the process by which liquid water changes to a gas, transpiration is the process by which plants release water vapor into the air, and evapotranspiration accounts for both soil evaporation and plant transpiration.
2) There are several methods for measuring evapotranspiration rates, including lysimeters, water balance methods, eddy covariance, and remote sensing techniques using satellites.
3) Potential evapotranspiration refers to the theoretical maximum amount of water that could be evaporated or transpired, while actual or effective evapotranspiration depends on available water supply from the soil and
The document discusses evaporation and the factors that affect it. It defines evaporation as a liquid changing into a vapor at temperatures below boiling. It explains that evaporation occurs at the surface and requires latent heat, while boiling occurs within the liquid and forms bubbles. It also states that a higher temperature, larger surface area, drier air, and movement of air all increase the rate of evaporation.
Evaporation is the process where a liquid turns into vapor below its boiling point. It occurs when the fast moving particles in a liquid gain enough kinetic energy to break intermolecular forces and escape into a gas phase. The rate of evaporation is affected by temperature, surface area, humidity, and wind speed. Higher temperatures, greater surface areas, lower humidity, and stronger winds all increase the evaporation rate as they allow more liquid particles to enter the vapor phase.
This document is a school project on matter and its states by a 9th grade student named Jyoti Kumari. It defines matter as anything that has mass and takes up space, and discusses the three states of matter - solid, liquid, and gas. It explains the characteristics of each state in terms of intermolecular forces and kinetic energy of particles. The document also covers topics like temperature, the units used to measure it, melting point, boiling point, evaporation, the factors that affect evaporation, and some sample questions related to these concepts.
Evaporation is the process by which a liquid is converted into its gaseous form below its boiling point. It occurs through the diffusion of the liquid's vapor through air. The rate of evaporation is affected by temperature, humidity, surface area, and wind speed. Higher temperatures, lower humidity, larger surface areas, and stronger winds all increase the evaporation rate. Evaporation causes cooling by absorbing heat from the surrounding environment during the phase change from liquid to gas.
Heat processes , Equipments for evapouration,Factors affecting evapourationAshwini Shewale
1. Desiccation is the process of completely removing mechanically mixed water from substances using a desiccator containing a desiccant like calcium chloride. It helps reduce the bulk, weight, and cost of transporting and storing drugs by removing water.
2. Sublimation is the process where a solid converts directly to vapor without passing through a liquid phase, and vice versa during condensation. It is used to purify chemicals like iodine and camphor in pharmacy.
3. Evaporation is the process where liquid molecules escape as vapor below the boiling point due to kinetic energy overcoming intermolecular forces. Factors like temperature, surface area, and vapor pressure affect the evaporation
The document discusses various physiochemical processes including precipitation, evaporation, exsiccation, desiccation, and efflorescence. It provides details on precipitation methods such as organic solvent, pH change, and double decomposition. It explains factors that affect evaporation like temperature, surface area, and atmospheric pressure. Exsiccation is the process of removing water of crystallization from hydrated substances by heating. Desiccation completely removes adhered moisture from substances. Efflorescence is the loss of water from hydrated substances into the atmosphere to reach equilibrium between the substance and surroundings.
1. Heat is transferred from hotter objects and environments to colder ones. It can change the states of matter from solid to liquid to gas.
2. Heat is transferred through conduction, convection, and radiation by solids, liquids, and gases. Materials that conduct heat well are called conductors, while poor conductors are called insulators.
3. The three common states of matter - solid, liquid, and gas - have distinct properties regarding their volume and shape. Changes between these states occur through melting, freezing, boiling, evaporation, and condensation.
Cbse online class 9 science – evaporation vs vaporizationTakshila Learning
These two processes are the primary reasons behind rainfall In fact, evaporation is a type of vaporization that occurs in our surroundings. https://www.takshilalearning.com/evaporation-and-vaporization-definition-factors-examples-difference/
This chapter is for class 9 based on CBSE curriculum in which physical nature of matter, its characteristics are discussed along with states of matter, their inconversion, scales of temperature and difference between boiling and evaporation and factors affecting evaporation with inforgraphics and key points.
The document discusses the physical nature of matter and the different states of matter - solid, liquid and gas. It explains the characteristics of particles in each state and how they differ from each other. Some key points covered are:
- Matter is made up of tiny particles that are constantly moving
- In solids, particles are tightly packed and hold their shape. In liquids, particles are loosely packed and flow freely, while gases have negligible attraction and fill their container
- Matter can change states by heating and cooling, absorbing or releasing energy. The temperature and pressure at which changes occur define important points like melting point and boiling point
- Evaporation and boiling involve particles changing from liquid to gas, with evaporation occurring below
Evaporative cooling relies on the physical process where a liquid absorbs heat from its surroundings as it transitions to a gas. When sweat or water evaporates from the skin, it carries away heat, leaving the skin cooler. Plants use the same process - water drawn up through the roots and stems is released through pores in the leaves and cools the plant as it evaporates into the air. Wind enhances evaporative cooling by increasing the rate of evaporation and vapor conversion.
Evaporation is the process where a liquid turns into a gas, specifically water turning into water vapor. Several factors influence evaporation, including wind speed, temperature, and humidity, with higher wind speeds, temperatures, and lower humidity leading to more evaporation. As water evaporates from surfaces like rivers and lakes, it enters the atmosphere as water vapor and can form clouds. This process of evaporation causes cooling effects as the evaporating particles absorb heat from their surroundings.
Describes how the four separation techniques work through pictures and detailed explanation, so as to give a better idea of how different separation techniques work and develop interest.
Matter is made up of tiny particles that are too small to be seen, even with a microscope. Experiments show that matter is composed of particles that can move and be transferred. Particles of matter have space between them, are continuously moving, and attract each other. The three common states of matter are solids, liquids, and gases, which have different characteristic properties depending on the strength of attraction between particles and how freely they can move. Changes in temperature or pressure can cause changes in a substance's state, such as melting, boiling, condensation, and sublimation.
Steam and its properties and steam tableSACHINNikam39
Steam is water in its gaseous phase that is formed when water boils. There are three main types of steam: wet steam containing water droplets, dry saturated steam containing no water, and superheated steam which is heated above the saturation temperature. The properties of steam such as temperature, pressure, specific volume, enthalpy, and entropy vary depending on whether it is saturated, wet, or superheated steam. Steam tables contain values of these key thermodynamic properties at different pressures and are used for analyzing steam systems and cycles.
Water can exist in three forms: solid, liquid, and gas. Solid ice forms when water freezes; liquid water is found in places like faucets and rivers; and gas water vapor forms when water evaporates due to heat. Water changes between these three forms through the processes of evaporation, condensation, and freezing. Evaporation turns liquid water into an invisible gas, condensation turns gas back into liquid, and freezing turns liquid into solid ice.
The document defines melting, freezing, boiling, and condensation as the processes by which substances change state from solid to liquid, liquid to solid, liquid to gas, and gas to liquid respectively. It notes that the temperature remains constant during these state changes even as thermal energy is added or removed. An example temperature-time graph is provided to illustrate how the temperature of ice remains at 0°C as it melts into water.
The document describes the principles of distillation. It explains that distillation uses vapour pressure to separate mixtures based on their boiling points. A distillation column works more efficiently than a simple pot still by providing a greater surface area for vapor condensation through the use of packing materials like Raschig rings inside the column. This allows for a more complete separation of alcohol from other congeners during repeated distillations.
Similar to SIM difference between Evaporation and Vaporization (20)
This is where you can read the full English version of Noli Me Tangere/ Touch me not. This version has lots of dialogues/ scripts from the characters that can be used in stage play.
The document provides instructions for examinees taking a general education and professional education exam. It instructs examinees to first complete the general education section and submit their answer sheet before retaining the test booklet and moving on to the professional education section. The general education section contains multiple choice questions on various subjects, including English, Filipino, mathematics, science and history.
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This document lists and ranks important skills for career success such as communication, teamwork, problem solving, technical skills, and the ability to influence others. It also identifies the top career fields that require these skills including sales, engineering, marketing, accounting, and customer service. The "7 Cs" framework outlines critical skills like critical thinking, creativity, collaboration, and communication that enable lifelong career and learning adaptability.
BIODIVERSITY AND EVOLUTION
POPULATION
IMPORTANT ASPECTS OF POPULATION
BIRTH- Natural process in which parents give rise to new offspring.
DEATH- Reduces the number of existing individuals in a population.
MIGRATION- Movement of individuals into or out of the population.
IMMIGRATION- Movement of individuals into the population.
EMIGRATION- Movement of individuals out of the population.
PATTERNS OF POPULATION GROWTH
BIOTIC POTENTIAL- Maximum reproductive capacity of an organism given that the resources are unlimited.
EXPONENTIAL GROWTH- Capacity of a population to increase continuously without showing any signs of stabling or declining.
FACTORS THAT AFFECT POPULATION GROWTH OR SIZE
LIMITING FACTORS
-control the growth, size, and distribution of organisms
COMPETITION
ABIOTIC FACTORS
PREDATOR-PREY RELATIOSHIP
POPULATION DENSITY
EXTINCTION
Some famous mass extinction events
Causes of Extinction
The document is a lesson plan for a physics class that aims to teach students about fluid pressure. It includes objectives, concepts, materials, and procedures. The key concepts are that fluid pressure is the same in all directions at a given point due to liquids taking the shape of their container, and that pressure increases with depth according to the equation Pressure=D*g*h, where D is density, g is gravity, and h is depth. Students will learn through activities with water, bags, and bottles, as well as solving sample problems involving density and depth.
This presentation was provided by Racquel Jemison, Ph.D., Christina MacLaughlin, Ph.D., and Paulomi Majumder. Ph.D., all of the American Chemical Society, for the second session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session Two: 'Expanding Pathways to Publishing Careers,' was held June 13, 2024.
Philippine Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) CurriculumMJDuyan
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𝐃𝐢𝐬𝐜𝐮𝐬𝐬 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐄𝐏𝐏 𝐂𝐮𝐫𝐫𝐢𝐜𝐮𝐥𝐮𝐦 𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐏𝐡𝐢𝐥𝐢𝐩𝐩𝐢𝐧𝐞𝐬:
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Gender and Mental Health - Counselling and Family Therapy Applications and In...PsychoTech Services
A proprietary approach developed by bringing together the best of learning theories from Psychology, design principles from the world of visualization, and pedagogical methods from over a decade of training experience, that enables you to: Learn better, faster!
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significant role in maintaining the ecological equilibrium of our planet.Land serves as the foundation for all human activities and provides the necessary materials for
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'Land uses,' which are determined by both human activities and the physical characteristics of the
land.
The utilization of land is impacted by human needs and environmental factors. In countries
like India, rapid population growth and the emphasis on extensive resource exploitation can lead
to significant land degradation, adversely affecting the region's land cover.
Therefore, human intervention has significantly influenced land use patterns over many
centuries, evolving its structure over time and space. In the present era, these changes have
accelerated due to factors such as agriculture and urbanization. Information regarding land use and
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providing crucial environmental data for scientific, resource management, policy purposes, and
diverse human activities.
Accurate understanding of land use and cover is imperative for the development planning
of any area. Consequently, a wide range of professionals, including earth system scientists, land
and water managers, and urban planners, are interested in obtaining data on land use and cover
changes, conversion trends, and other related patterns. The spatial dimensions of land use and
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9
Changes in vegetation cover refer to variations in the distribution, composition, and overall
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4. -process by which liquid
changes to its vapours at a
temperature below its boiling
point
-takes place at all
temperature. The
temperature may change
during evaporation
-is a slow and silent process
-takes place only at the
surface of the liquid
-the rate of evaporation
depend upon the surface
area of the liquid and the
wind speed, humidity and
temperature
VAPORIZATION
- process by which liquid
changes to its vapours at
its boiling point
-takes only at a fixed
temperature called boiling
point of the liquid. The
temperature during
vaporization does not
change
-is a fast and violent
process
-takes place over the entire
mass of the liquid
-the rate of vaporization
does not depend upon the
surface area, wind speed,
humidity and temperature
EVAPORATIO
N
I
N
T
R
O
D
U
C
T
I
O
N
8. Put a check (/) if you think it describes Evaporation or
Vaporization
Evaporation Vaporization
1 Quick process
2 Occurs at any temperature
3 Slow process
4 Takes places within liquid
5 Bubbles are formed
6 Heat supplied by surrounding
7 No bubbles are seen
8 Occurs at fixed temperature
9 Heat supply energy source
10 Temperature remains constant
11 Slow process
ACTIVTY 1C
H
E
C
K
M
E
9. P A D F G H H E Q G K O D
A C C O O L I N G X Z F S
F P A R E H D M S S S R J
A L X N B D J N Y L B E F
S B H U T A R E I O U D D
T O R U V G T T S W L N Q
K I Q B M W K E Y H R U A
A L L H Y I L B H K P L K
F I I X N B D C E T O U B
H N Y C B H J I A E L W M
W G G U F G H H T S J Q U
E M B H U T A R E Y H C N
M A R S H K O T O C U T E
E W S U R R O U N D I N G
I L O V E Y O U B H E K O
G H E R U T A R E P M E T
FIND ME!
FIND HE WORDS
THAT ARE RELATED
TO THE TOPIC:
COOLING
WIND
HUMIDITY
HEAT
BUBBLES
SURROUNDING
TEMPERATURE
SLOW
BOILING
FAST
It can
be
across,
down,
up
10. 2. A puddle drying out
ACTIVITY 3
Where am I belong?
1. Clothes drying on a line.
3. A floor drying after it is mopped
5. The boiling water turning into steam
7. Lick you finger, blow on it and feel it cool
9. Cooking/Steaming shomai.
8. A smoke came from a boiling water.
10.Making a hot coffee.
4. Your hair drying after you wash it.
6. Sweating when you are hot
Encircle if the phrase
describes evaporation and
box the phrase if it
describes vaporization.
13. __1. Sweat is an exampleof
evaporation.
__ 2. In vaporization, no bubbles can
be see.
__ 3. Vaporizationundergoes
evaporation and boiling..
__ 4. Evaporationreached the boiling
point.
__ 5. Vaporization changed
temperature.
__ 6. Vaporization’s temperatureis
hotter than Evaporation’s temperature.
__ 7. Evaporationand Vaporization is
the changed fromliquidto gas.
__ 8. We can see clearly evaporation
occur than in vaporization.
__ 9. Vaporizationcan harmyou.
__ 10. Smoke formed during
vaporization.
14. ASSESSMENT
FILL IN THE BLANK. CHOOSE THE WORD
OF THE CORRECT ANSWER IN THE BOX.
Evaporation and Vaporization are the
same in the change of phase of matter
from
1_to gas. However, both has a big _2_.
Evaporation happens in _3_ temperature
while vaporization have a _4_
temperature. You can harm more in _5_
than in _6_. Vaporization is a _7_ and _8_
process while evaporation is a _9_ and
_10_ process.
Vaporization
Evaporation
Fast
Slow
Violent
Silent
Liquid
Solid
Any
Fixed
Similarity
Difference
Medium
Condensation
16. 1. Clothes drying on a line.
2. A puddle drying out
3. A floor drying after it is mopped
4. Your hair drying after you wash it.
6. Sweating when you are hot
7. Lick you finger, blow on it and feel it cool
5. The boiling water turning
into steam
8. A smoke came from a
boiling water.
9. Cooking/Steaming shomai.
10.Making a hot coffee.
18. Wind is the flow of gases on a large scale.
Humidity is the amount of water vapor in the air.
A temperature is a numerical measure of hot or cold.
Liquid is one of the four fundamental states of matter, and is the only state
with a definite volume but no fixed shape.
Gas is one of the four fundamental states of matter. A pure gas may be
made up of individual atoms, elemental molecules made from one type of
atom, or compound molecules made from a variety of atoms.