Session 6.2 integrative ecosystem service assessment framework, rubber agroforestry
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This document discusses an integrated ecosystem services assessment framework for measuring the impact of rubber agroforestry. It summarizes the objective of developing a concept for sustainable rubber cultivation that is stakeholder validated and applicable. It also discusses assessing ecosystem services in the project region and literature review on ecosystem services in rubber. The framework involves stakeholders defining focus topics and an integrated scenario assessment involving water management, land management modeling, ecosystem service assessments, and socioeconomic evaluation.
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Session 6.2 integrative ecosystem service assessment framework, rubber agroforestry
- 1. An Integrative Ecosystem Service Assessment Framework - Measuring the Impact of Rubber Agroforestry Dr. Marc Cotter, Inga Häuser & SURUMER-partners SURUMER – Sustainable Rubber Cultivation in the Mekong Region 1
- 2. Objective of SURUMER - to develop an integrative, applicable, and stakeholder validated concept for sustainable rubber cultivation SURUMER – Sustainable Rubber Cultivation in the Mekong Region 2
- 3. Project region and Ecosystem Services Photo: G. Langenberger SURUMER – Sustainable Rubber Cultivation in the Mekong Region 3
- 4. Literature review on ESS in rubber Inspiration for culture Total number of ESS mentioned in each study. Spiritual experience 14 Cultural Recreation Number of studies 12 Maintenance of genetic diversity 10 Climate regulation Habitat 8 Regulation of w ater flow s 6 Waste treatment 4 Regulation Erosion prevention 2 Maintenance of soil fertility 0 1 2 Pollination 4 3 Provisioning >5 Biological control ESS mentioned Food 0 10 20 30 40 Number of inclusions Kevin Thellmann (2013) tbp SURUMER – Sustainable Rubber Cultivation in the Mekong Region Water Raw materials Genetic resources 4
- 5. Ecosystem Services in SURUMER Carbon Biodiversity Social welfare Quality Biomass Habitat quality (flora, fauna, aquatic) Income Quantity Latex Pollination Workload Evaporation Sequestration rates Animal husbandry Payments for ESS Transpiration Sedimentation Non-Timber Forest Products Conservation Value Erosion Export Human-Wildlife conflicts Tourism Water SURUMER – Sustainable Rubber Cultivation in the Mekong Region 5
- 6. Stakeholders define focus topics Photo: G. Langenberger SURUMER – Sustainable Rubber Cultivation in the Mekong Region 6
- 7. Integrated scenario assessment framework ESS covered by SURUMER Stakeholder Process Stakeholder Initiated Alternative Scenarios Water Management Land Management & Bio-Physical Modeling Ecosystem Service Assessments Socio-economic Evaluation Biodiversity Interdisciplinary Trade-off Assessment Stakeholder Validation Transdisciplinary Evaluation Process SURUMER – Sustainable Rubber Cultivation in the Mekong Region 7
- 8. Focus region Naban River Watershed National Nature Reserve, Xishuangbanna Prefecture, Yunnan Province, PR China 270 km² Berkhoff 2014 SURUMER – Sustainable Rubber Cultivation in the Mekong Region 8
- 9. e.g. Carbon pools aboveground biomass Photo: K. Martin dead organic matter Photo: K. Martin belowground biomass Photo: R. Golbon latex yield Photo: LIU Jingxin Bhagabati 2013, Li et al. 2008, Huber 2013 SURUMER – Sustainable Rubber Cultivation in the Mekong Region 9
- 10. Landscape Level: Carbon storage total carbon stored in NRWNNR landscape: 2.4 million Mg C equivalent to 8.8 million Mg CO2 worth 51.9 million € (www.eex.com, 5.90 €/Mg of CO2, price as of February 4th 2014) Häuser, tbp SURUMER – Sustainable Rubber Cultivation in the Mekong Region 10
- 11. scenario evaluation: Carbon storage 2025 GoGreen go green scenario <-> land use 2006 discount rate 8% + 1.8 million € Business as Usual business as usual <-> land use 2006 discount rate 8% - 0.3 million € Cotter et al. 2014, Gibreel et al. 2014, Ecological Indicators SURUMER – Sustainable Rubber Cultivation in the Mekong Region 11
- 12. Plot-Level: Trade-off Analysis Latex production (Mg/ha) Rubber C sequestration vs Latex yield: non-linear relationship 25 300 Trees/ha 450 Trees/ha 1000 Trees/ha 20 15 10 5 0 0 20 40 60 80 C sequestration (Mg C/ha) SURUMER – Sustainable Rubber Cultivation in the Mekong Region 100 Cadisch et al. 2013 12
- 13. Off–site effects: Sediment retention sediment retention removing cost of sediments Photo: L. Seitz Photo: G. Langenberger Photo: R. Schaufelberger SURUMER – Sustainable Rubber Cultivation in the Mekong Region 13
- 14. Take home messages ESS Assessments profit greatly from multi- and interdisciplinary approaches in modeling and analysis -Identification of trade-off effects -Multiple points of view Involvement of stakeholders is essential for the implementation and relevance of research projects -Extension, personal interest, dissemination - Identification of research needs - Consideration of off-site effects SURUMER – Sustainable Rubber Cultivation in the Mekong Region 14
- 15. China Agricultural University University of Hohenheim Humboldt University of Berlin University of Stuttgart Thank you! Leibnitz University Hannover Lao PDR Tongji University Shanghai Naban River Watershed National Nature Reserve Centre for Chinese Agricultural Policy CAS, Beijing World Agroforestry Centre, China-Program EFTAS, Münster Beijing Normal University Yunnan State Farms Groups Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden Tsinghua University Beijing http://surumer.uni-hohenheim.de SURUMER – Sustainable Rubber Cultivation in the Mekong Region 15
- 16. Economy and socio-economy Biodiversity Biophysical processes PMC Subprojects in SURUMER Remote sensing data and land use maps SP2: Local water balance SP1: Carbon dynamics SP3: Water management Integrated valuation of ESF/ESS SP4: Pollinator services SP6: Nature reserve conflicts SP5: Agroecological diversification and sustainability assessment SP7: Welfare economic valuation SP9: Microeconomic analysis SP8: Knowledge transfer management SURUMER – Sustainable Rubber Cultivation in the Mekong Region 16
- 17. Scenario 2 Scenario 1 Scenario 3 SP 8 and all Stakeholder Process Scenario groups Stakeholder Workshops Framework for ESS Assessment Scenario – modeling adaptation Scenario I SP 2 SP 3 WaterMT SP1 LUCIA SP 5 Bio-physical Assessment SP 6 Stakeholder Workshops SP 9 micro-economic analysis SP 7 Welfare Economic Valuation PMC InVest SP 4 Impact Assessment stakeholder adaptation SP 8 and all Stakeholder Process SURUMER – Sustainable Rubber Cultivation in the Mekong Region
- 18. 1. Water: Provisioning – surface water, non-drinking Benefit Biophysical ESF • • • • • precipitation Evaporation Run off Land Cover Transpiration value Aquatic food ressources Benefit ESS • workshop InVest Hydroelectric power generation value InVest Water yield • Benefit Provisioning of surface water for non-drinking purposes Agricultural use • • • value workshop Agricultural use Aquatic food resources Hydroelectric power generation SURUMER – Sustainable Rubber Cultivation in the Mekong Region • • • Hydropower Irrigation of rice paddies Nutritional diversification
- 19. 5. Carbon: Regulation – Ventilation and transpiration Benefit Biophysical local water balance value workshop ESF • • • • precipitation Evaporation Land Cover Transpiration ESS • • • Photosynthesis Biomass production Gas exchange rates • Benefit analysis value CO² fixation InVest Benefit Mediation of gas flows transpiration rates • • • value workshop Biomass accumulation Rubber yield Water resources SURUMER – Sustainable Rubber Cultivation in the Mekong Region • • • Income Quality of water resources Improved management options