This document discusses project quality management. It defines quality as the degree to which a project fulfills requirements. Quality management includes creating and following policies and procedures to ensure a project meets customer needs. Completing a project with no deviations from requirements is the goal. The document discusses quality planning, assurance, and control processes. It also discusses quality concepts, tools like control charts and benchmarking, and influential quality management thinkers like Deming, Crosby, and Juran.

1. Project Quality Management

2. . Project Quality Management
Knowledge
Area
Process
Initiating Planning Executing Monitoring & Contol Closing
Quality Quality Planning
Perform Quality -
Assurance
Perform Quality -
Control
Enter phase/
Start project
Exit phase/
End project
Initiating
Processes
Closing
Processes
Planning
Processes
Executing
Processes
Monitoring &
Controlling Processes

3. Project Quality Management
• Quality is degree to which the project fulfills requirements
• Quality Management includes creating and following policies and
procedures to ensure that a project meet the defined needs (from the
customer’s perspective).
• Completing project with no deviations from the project requirements.

4. Quality Concepts
• Quality vs. Grade
– Quality: the degree to which a set of inherent characteristics fulfill
requirements
– Quality level that fails to meet quality requirements is always a
PROBLEM
– Grade: a category assigned to product or service having the same
functional use but different technical characteristics
– Low grade may not be a problem

5. DEMING, W. Edward
Continuous improvement
PDCA (Plan–Do–Check–
Act)
Top down support ( top
management support )
CROSBY, Philip
 Performance standard is
“Zero defect “
 Cost of quality is measured
by cost of non-
conformance
 Conformance to
requirements
 Quality comes from
Prevention
JURAN, J. Moses
Fitness for use
Technical / Statistical
focus
Juran’s Trilogy :
Quality improvement,
Quality planning and
Quality Control
Quality Management Gurus

6. Important points
• Customer satisfaction
• Conformance to requirement
• Fitness for use: product/service produced must satisfy real needs
• Prevention over inspection
• Cost of preventing mistakes < cost of correcting
• Quality is planned not inspected in
• Continuous improvement (Kaizen)
• Based on PDCA cycle
• Management Responsibility
• Success requires the participation of all members of the project team,
•but remains the responsibility of management to provide the resources needed to
succeed.

7. Difference Between Quality Processes
Quality Planning Quality Assurance Quality Control
Planning Implementation Control
Determine which quality
standards are relevant
and how to measure
them
Determine if the quality
measurement is relevant
Perform the
measurement and
compare to the plan

8. Plan Quality
• The process of identifying requirement and/or standards
for the project and product and documenting how the
project will demonstrate compliance.
Inputs
1. Scope baseline
2. Stakeholder register
3. Cost performance
baseline
4. Schedule baseline
5. Risk register
6. Enterprise
environmental factors
7. Organizational process
assets
Tools &
Techniques
1. Cost benefit analysis
2. Cost of Quality (CoQ)
3. Control charts
4. Benchmarking
5. Design of experiments
6. Statistical sampling
7. Flowcharting
8. Proprietary quality
management
methodologies
9. Additional quality
planning tools
Outputs
1. Quality management
plan
2. Quality metrics
3. Quality checklists
4. Process improvement
plan
5. Project document
updates

9. Cost-Benefit Analysis
-The primary benefits of
meeting quality requirements
can include less rework, higher
productivity, and increased
stakeholder satisfaction.
- A business case for each
quality activity compares the
cost of the quality step to the
expected benefit.

10. Cost of Quality
• Cost of quality (CoQ)
– Looking at what the cost of conformance and
nonconformance to quality and creating an appropriate
balance
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Image Source: PMBOK Guide 4nd Edition. PMI © 2008

11. Control charts
Upper control limit
Lower control limit
Out of control
Assignable/special cause
Specification limit: is
point determines by
customer, not calculated
based on control chart
Normal and expected variation
Usually 3 or 6 sigma
Rule of seven (non random data points)
Out of control
Assignable/special cause
Normal distribution curve

12. • Benchmarking
comparing actual or planned
project practices to those of
comparable projects to identify
best practices, generate ideas for
improvement, and provide a basis
for measuring performance.

13. Design of Experiments
-provide the optimal conditions for the
product or process, highlight the factors
that influence the results
-reveal the presence of interactions and
synergy among the factors.

14. Statistical Sampling
-choosing part of a population
of interest for inspection
- Sample frequency and sizes
should be determined

15. Flowcharting
- graphical representation of a
process showing the relationships
among process steps

16. • Proprietary Quality Management Methodologies
Three Sigma, Six Sigma,

17. • Additional Quality Planning Tools
• Brainstorming
• • Affinity diagrams.
• • Force field analysis: which are
diagrams of the forces for and
against change.
• • Nominal group techniques

18. Output
• Quality Management Plan
–Contains:
• Project management method
• Role and responsibility in managing quality
• Deliverable measurement
• Standard for monitoring & control purpose
• Process review
• Major check points
• Inspection & acceptance criteria

19. QUALITY MANAGEMENT PLAN
Project Title: Date Prepared:
Quality Roles and Responsibilities:
Role: Responsibilities:
1. Describe the role needed.
2.
3.
4.
1. Describe the responsibilities associated with the role.
2.
3.
4.
Quality Assurance Approach:
Describe the processes, procedures, methods, tools, and techniques that will be used in performing quality assurance activities.
Quality Control Approach:
Describe the processes, procedures, methods, tools, and techniques that will be used in performing quality control activities.
Quality Improvement Approach:
Describe the processes, procedures, methods, tools, and techniques that will be used in performing quality improvement activities.

20. QUALITY MANAGEMENT PLAN
Project Title: Date Prepared:
Quality Roles and Responsibilities:
Role: Responsibilities:
1.Initiate action to prevent the occurrence of non-conforming
work
2.Identify, evaluate, and document quality problems
3.Recommend or initiate quality improvement solutions
4.Stop the work when non-conforming work is identified, until
the deficiency is corrected
1. all personnel who manage, perform,
and ensure the quality of the work
Quality Assurance Approach:
Develop check list to ensure all activities is performed in right method.
Develop, implement, and manage the team in QA program ,
Provide training for the staff to ensure appropriate training quality procedures are in place, through pre-activity
meetings and daily on site reviews
Quality Control Approach:
Provide quality control sampling and testing to develop and refine work processes to meet quality requirements and
provide conformance to the contract, plans, and specifications.
b. Submit documentation to the PM on a daily basis as performed and needed
Quality Improvement Approach:
Observation the sequence of activities can make improving in sequencing
Comparing the actual performed work to plan making continuous improvement
Analyzing reasons of non- conforming work

21. Quality metrics
An operational that describes
how quality control process
will measure it.
What are things that important
to measure and decide what
measurement is acceptable

22. QUALITY METRICS
Project Title: Date Prepared:
ID Item Metric Measurement Method
WBS or other
identifier.
Item to be measured. Measurement. Method of measuring.

23. QUALITY METRICS
Project Title:
Constructing private hospital
Date Prepared:
ID Item Metric Measurement Method
1.1.2 Purchase of
medical devices
on-time performance Comparing between planned
time and actual time
1.1.1.2 Test of medical
devices
Test coverage The variance between
number of planned test and
number of actual tests
1.3.1 Electrical
installation
staying within the
approved budget by ±
10%
The variance between budget
and actual cost

24. • Quality checklists
– A list of items to inspect,
step to be performed and
note if any defects found
– Checklists range from
simple to complex
based on project
requirements and
practices.

25. Process Improvement Plan
•Process boundaries.
Describes the purpose of processes, their start and end, their inputs/outputs, the
data required, the owner, and the stakeholders.
• Process configuration.
A graphic depiction of processes, with interfaces identified, used to facilitate
analysis.
• Process metrics.
Along with control limits, allows analysis of process efficiency.
• Targets for improved performance.
Guides the process improvement activities

26. – Six Sigma uses the
DMAIC steps as a road
map for improving
processes.
– There are only 5 steps.
– They are logical and
they can be used to
improve any processes
in any industry.
DMAIC – The Road Map for
Improving Results
Control
Im
prove
A
nalyze
Measure
Define
Process Under Study
Y = f(X1, X2, X3, ...Xn)

27. QUESTIONS?

28. 1- A planning phase for an engineering component generated
80 engineering drawings. The QA team randomly selected 8
drawings for inspection. This exercise can BEST be described
as example of:
A-Inspection
B-Statistical Sampling
C-Flowcharting
D-Control Charting

29. 2- Quality is:
1- Meeting and exceeding the customer’s
expectations
2- Adding extras to make the customer happy
3- Conformance to requirements and fitness of use
4- Conformance to management’s requirements

30. 3- which of the following explain why quality is
planned not inspected in ?
A-it reduces quality and is less expensive
B- it improves quality and is more expensive
C- it reduces quality and is more expensive
D- it improves quality and is less expensive

31. 4-What are the cost types in modern quality management?
A- Costs of good quality – costs of bad quality
B- Planning costs – assurance costs – control costs
C-Planning costs – doing costs – checking costs – acting costs
D- Prevention costs – appraisal costs – failure costs

32. 5- all of the following are examples of the cost of
nonconformance except
A- rework
B- quality training
C-scrap
D-warranty costs

33. 6- a control chart shows seven data points in a row
on one side of the mean what should be done?
A- perform a design of experiments
B- Adjust the chart to reflect the new mean
C- find an assignable cause
D- nothing .this is the rule of seven and can be
ignored

34. Thank you