Communication is the exchange of information, ideas, feelings, and beliefs between two or more people. Dell Hymes's SPEAKING model outlines the key components of any communication act: the Setting/Scene, Participants, Ends, Act Sequence, Key, Instrumentalities, Norms, and Genre. The communication process involves a sender encoding a message, transmitting it through a channel, the receiver decoding the message, and providing feedback. Organizational communication occurs through different channels and types, both verbal and nonverbal, to achieve business objectives within an organization and externally.

1. What is Communication?
• Communication is the process in which
information, ideas, feelings, beliefs etc are
exchanged between two or more people.

2. Dell Hymes’s Model of
Communication

3. THE COMMUNICATION PROCESS
Frame of Reference
SENDER
msg
encode
transmission
Feedback
msg
decode
RECEIVER

4. S - Setting and Scene - The setting refers to the time and
place while scene describes the
Environment of the situation.
P - Participants - This refers to who is involved in the
speech including the speaker and the
audience.
E - Ends - The purpose and goals of the speech along
with any outcomes of the speech.
A - Act Sequence - The order of events that took place
during the speech.
K - Key - The overall tone or manner of the speech.
I - Instrumentalities - The form and style of the speech
being given.
N - Norms - Defines what is socially acceptable at the
event
G - Genre - The type of speech that is being given.

5. The SPEAKING Model of Dell Hymes

6. Communication Models

7. Aristotle’s Model of Communication

8. Lasswell’s Model of
Communication

9. Lasswell’s Model of Communication

10. Berlo’s SMCR Model
Source
Message
Channel
Receiver
Communicatio
n skills
Elements
Seeing
Communication
skills
Attitudes
Structure
Hearing
Attitudes
Knowledge
Treatment
Touching
Knowledge
Culture
Content
Smelling
Culture
Social system
Code
Tasting
Social system

11. Types of communication
NON VERBAL
VERBAL
Body Language
Paralinguistics
Written
Oral
Business Report
Business Presentation
Business Proposal
Seminar
Audit Report
Business Meetings
Purchase Order
Interview
Bills
Telephone Communication
Collection Letters
Group Discussion
Budget Report
Video Conferencing
Agenda
Minutes
Executive Summary
Non-Verbal Cues
Proxemics
Artifactics
Cronemics
Tactilics

12. Communication Network

13. Channel’s of Communication

14. Organizational Communication
President
Vice President (Finance)
Vice President (Marketing)
General Manager
General Manager
Regional Manager
Regional Manager
Manager
Manager
Assistant Manager
Assistant Manager
Junior Manager
Junior Manager
Executive
Executive

16. What is Business Communication?
• The communication that takes place
inside and outside of a business
organization resulting in the achievement
of some kind of business objective is
called business communication

17. Types Of Organizational
Communication
•
•
•
•
•
•
Downward Communication
Upward Communication
Horizontal Communication
Cross Communication
Informal Communication Network
Grapevine