The document discusses various aspects of communication including definitions, processes, models, forms and patterns. It defines communication as the exchange of meanings between people using common symbols. The communication process involves a sender encoding a message, transmitting it through a medium, the receiver decoding the message, and providing feedback. Forms of communication include verbal like oral and written, and non-verbal like body language and paralanguage. Patterns within organizations comprise downward, upward and horizontal flows of information.

1. SUBMMITTED TO : SUBMMITED BY : MR.B.S NEGI SANDEEP SINGH ROHIT KUMAR PAWAN KUKRETI G.B.PANT ENGINEERING COLLAGE SESSION(2010-2013) TOPIC- COMMUNICATION

2. Communication

3. Introduction Meaning of communication Definition of communication Communication process The two-way communication process Communication Model Forms of communication Non-verbal communication verbal communication Patterns of Communication Downward communication Upward communication Lateral communication

4. Introduction The process by which meanings are exchanged b/w people through the use of common set of symbols.

5. Meaning Of Communication Communication may be defined as the process by which information is exchanged between individuals. The process includes the use of written messages, spoken words and gestures.

6. Objectives of Communication Advice Suggestion Order Education Warning Motivation Counseling

7. Definition Acc. to John Adair , “Communication is essentially the ability of one person to make contact with another & to make himself / herself understood”. Acc. to Allen , “Communication involves a systematic & continuous process of telling, listening & understanding”.

8. Two-way Communication Process Message Medium Receiver Feedback Who... says what... in what way... to whom... ...with what efect Commu-nicator

10. Communication Model Sender : Someone with ideas, intentions, information, and a purpose for communicating Encoding : Co nverting a message into groups of symbols that represent ideas or concepts Message : An idea or experience that a sender wants to communicate Medium : Means by which a message is sent Decoding : The message’s target Receiver : Converts symbols into concepts and ideas Feedback : Receiver’s response to sender’s message

11. FORMS OF COMMUNICATION NON – VERBAL COMMUNICATION VERBAL COMMUNICATION * ORAL COMMUNICATION * WRITTEN COMMUNICATION

12. Nonverbal Communication “ The most important thing in communication is hearing what is not said ” Peter F. Drucker” “ What you do speaks so loud that i can not hear what you say” Ralph Waldo”

13. Nonverbal Communication Messages sent with body posture, facial expressions, and hand/eye movements “ It is as important as verbal communication ”

14. Examples CHARTS TABLES DIAGRAM POSTERS SLIDES GESTURES SILENCE SURROUNDINGS Visual / Audio

16. Body Language and Paralanguage Body movement includes : Gestures Facial expressions Physical movements Paralanguage refers to : Voice quality Volume Speed etc.

17. VERBAL COMMUNICATION Oral Communication Written Communication Face to face comm. Lectures Meeting & conferences Interviews Telephonic talks Seminars Radio & television Announcement Speeches Emails Fax Letters Telegrams Reports Forms Questionnaire

18. ORAL vs. WRITTEN COMM. Immediate feedback Shorter words Conversational Prompt action Less detail technical information Lack of written evidence No possibility of review Not fit for long msg Delayed feedback Longer words Focus on content Delayed action More detail technical information Permanent record Possibility of review Suitable for long msg

19. Patterns of Organizational Communications Downward Communication Upward Communication Horizontal communication

20. Directions of Communication Downward communication Flows from higher to lower levels in an organization Includes management policies, instructions, and official memos Upward communication Flows from lower to higher levels in an organization Includes suggestion boxes, group meetings, procedures, anonymous emails, unauthorized websites Horizontal communication

21. Diagonal Communication It is also known as Cross-communication Managers communicate with people in other departments outside their own chain of command.