There are several options available to reduce coastal erosion, including groynes, gabions, rip rap, sea walls, and offshore breakwaters. Groynes are structures built perpendicular to the coast to interrupt longshore drift and build up beach material. Gabions are large wire cages filled with rocks that can be stacked in various shapes. Rip rap uses rocks or concrete rubble placed along shorelines. Sea walls are strong, hard structures built inland to reduce wave effects. Offshore breakwaters are structures built partially submerged offshore to reduce wave intensity and erosion. Each defense method has advantages and disadvantages related to costs, maintenance needs, and environmental impacts.