This document discusses various coastal protection methods, including structural and non-structural approaches. Structural methods involve hard infrastructure like seawalls, bulkheads, revetments, dikes, breakwaters, groins, and jetties/piers. Seawalls are massive structures that resist wave forces to prevent erosion and damage. Bulkheads are smaller vertical walls that prevent land sliding. Revetments are sloped structures that absorb wave energy. Dikes and levees are embankments that regulate water levels and prevent erosion and flooding. Non-structural methods include planting vegetation, which stabilizes the soil and provides habitat, and beach nourishment, which adds sand to increase the beach width.

1. Coastal
Protection
Coastal
Protection

2. Protection Methods
 Structural Methods
 Non structural Methods

3. Structural Methods
 Seawalls
 Bulkheads
 Revetments
 Dikes and Levees
 Breakwater
 Groins
 Jetties and Piers

4. Seawalls
 separating land and water areas.
 massive structures.
 resisting the full force of waves.
 to prevent coastal erosion.
 to prevent demage due to wave
action and flood.

5. Seawalls

6. Bulkheads
 smaller than seawalls.
 not to resist coastal erosion.
 to prevent the sliding of land at the
transition between land and the sea.
 vertical wall build in
concrete,stone,steel,timper.

7. Bulkheads

8. Revetments
 sloping structure construct using
natural stones, concrete blocks.
 only protects again erosion, not flood.
 used at locations exposed to erosion.
 absorb the energy of water.
 negative impact on the sediment
budget along adjacent shorelines.

9. Revetment

10. Dikes and Levees
 embankment, flood bank or stop
bank.
 boundary line of the sea.
 build in dry stones.
 to prevent the soil erosion.
 to prevent land slide.
 regulates water levels.
 parallel to the course of a river.

11. Dike and Levee

12. Breakwater
 small structures.
 fixed or floating, impermeable or
permeable to allow sediment transfer
shoreward of the structure.
 parallel or perpendicular to the coast.
 reduces the power of wave so wont
eroded the cliffs as much.

13. Breakwater

14. Groins
 fences that go along the beach at
angles to prevent long shore drift.
 absorb energy of coming water.
 catches and traps sediment to
prevent it from moving up the beach.
 replaced every 15-20 years.
 build in timber, steel, concrete,
stones.

15. Groins

16. Jetty and Pier
 long, narrow structure.
 made of stone, concrete.
 protect the shoreline of the body of
water by acting as a barrier against
from currents, tides, waves.
 connect with deep water (docking
ships)

17. Jetty and pier

18. Non structural methods

19. Non structural methods
 Vegetation planting.
 Beach nourishment.

20. Vegetation planting
 best natural protective measures
against coastal flooding.
 trap and hold the sand.
 important role in stabilizing the
surface against wind erosion and
provides habitat for wildlife.
 provides a source of sand to
replenish the beach during periods of
erosion.

21. Vegetation Planting

22. Beach Nourishment
 another name-Beach filling.
 adding large quantity of sand or
sediment to beaches.
 to resist erosion and increase the
beach width.
 not a long term solution to beach
erosion.
 the sudden input of massive amount
of sand can kill all the animals living
on the beach.

23. Beach Nourishment

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