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Light is an external effect causing vision
Sources of light
Natural sources: sunlight- moonlight
Artificial sources: lamp- candle
Visible spectrum
Energy which can be seen
Properties of light
1- light travels in straight lines ( that
causes):-
Formation of shadow
Formation of inverted image
Shadow
Darkened area which is formed as a result of light falling on an
object.
Transparent matrial
Object that transmit all light rays (matrials which you can see object
behind them cleary) like…glass- water- air
Translucent matrial
Object that transmit some of light rays like…tissue paper Opaque
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material
Material that can't pass light through it. Forms shadow when light
falls on it. Like…cartoon paper – aluminum foil – wood
Light reflaction
A- Regular reflaction :- returning back of light rays when it faces
smooth and shiny surface (mirror)
B- Irregular reflaction:- returning back of light rays when it faces
rough surface
Light refraction
The change in the direction of light rays when it passes from transparent
medium to another one.
Light separation
White light separate by prism into seven colors:
Red- orange- yellow- green- blue- indigo- violet
Rainbow:
Phenomena occure after rain during sunny day
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'white lie is a lie
.Give Reasons
1.Formation of inverted image through narrow holes
…………………………………………………………………………………
2.Moon is considered as a source of light
…………………………………………………………………………………
3. The pencil is seen broken in water glass.
…………………………………………………………………………………
4. We can't see ourselves on white paper.
…………………………………………………………………………………
5. We can't see in dark.
…………………………………………………………………………………
6.Formation of shadow.
…………………………………………………………………………………
7.Things can be seen clearly under glass.
…………………………………………………………………………………
8.Glass is a transparent material .
…………………………………………………………………………………
9.Cardboard paper is an opaque material.
…………………………………………………………………………………
10. Seeing your image in the mirror.
…………………………………………………………………………………
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I'm not lier
11. We can't see in darkness.
…………………………………………………………………………………
12. A spoon appears broken when you put it in transparent cup of water.
…………………………………………………………………………………
13. the formation of the spectrum color.
…………………………………………………………………………………
14. Cartoon is an opaque material.
…………………………………………………………………………………
10. formation of upside down images through narrow holes .
…………………………………………………………………………………
Write the Scientific term ?
1.A form of energy that can be seen by the eye
………………………………………………………………………….
2.The main source of energy on earth's surface
………………………………………………………………………….
3.Light energy which can be seen by the eye
………………………………………………………………………….
4. A dark area formed by an opaque body that block the light .
……………………………………………………………………….
5. The first Arabic scientist who explain the vision of objects
………………………………………………………………………….
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6. Is a light ray that travels for long distances Without a reduction of its intensity .
………………………………………………………………………….
7. The substance where things can be seen through it clearly .
………………………………………………………………………….
8. The substance through them things can be seen but with less clearness .
…………………………………………………………………………
9. The substance that doesn't pass light through it and things can't be seen from its back .
…………………………………………………………………………
10- the darkened area formed when light falls on an opaque object.
………………………………………………………………………….
11- the materials which you can see objects behind them clearly.
………………………………………………………………………….
12- The materials through which light can't transmit.
………………………………………………………………………….
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what happens when 1. Light passes in glass prism.
…………………………………………………………………………………
2. You stand in front of plane mirror.
…………………………………………………………………………………
3. Light falls on opaque object.
………………………………………………………………………………… 4. Light Travels to a new medium.
…………………………………………………………………………………
Complete:-
1- The main source of light on earth is ...... .
2- light travels in …………lines.
3- …………..is a dark area which is formed when light falls on an opaque objects.
4- Light is a form of…………..
5- ………….. Is the light energy that can be seen
6- …………..is the main source of light on the earth.
7- Formation of …………through narrow holes and formation of …………. are form the applications of traveling light in straight lines.
8- The material which allows most light to transmit through is called…………
9- light can easily transmit through …………and ………
10- the material which we can see objects clearly behind it is called ………….
11- the clear glass in a window is an example of ………materials.
12- …………. Lets some light pass through and we can see objects through it less clearly.
13- cartoons and …………. are examples of ………… materials.
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14- light bouncing when it falls on an objects is called …………
15- in the …………, the light rays reflected directly in one direction.
16- in the …………, the light rays reflected and scattered in different directions.
17-the change in the direction of light rays when they pass through the separating surface between two transparent media is called ….
18- the pen that is put in water seems broken due to …………
19- when a light ray passes from glass rod to air , it …………
20- white light can split into …………colors that are called
21- ………. Is a phenomenon produced by the separation of white light into seven colors during raining.
22- the glass prism is used to separate the …………. Light into seven colors called…………
23- The light that can be seen is called ...... . visible spectrum
24- Image formed in pin-hole box is ………and ………. minimized and inverted
25- Moon reflects ……….……light falling on its surface .
26- From sources of light ………….and …………………
27- The darkened area behind opaque bodies is called…………
28- The semi transparent substance is called ...... .
29- When light reflects from plane mirror is ....................... while reflection from paper is called ......................
30- The pencil in water glass is seen broken due to light ...... .
31- The light spectrum contains ...... colors.
32- The spectrum colors appear due to light ………...... .
33- .…………is a transparent Material , While …………..is a translucent Material , and …………..is an Opaque Material
34- ……………..is formed when an …………..body blocks the light
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Seeing colored object
White light consists of seven spectrum colors
Kinds of colors :
Primary colors = red + blue + green
Secondary colors = yellow + cyan + purple
Mixing light
Red + green = yellow
Red +blue = Purple
Blue + green = cyan
Seeing colored object 1- white object reflect all light colors falls on it so it seems white. 2- Black object absorb all light colors so it seems black. 3- Opaque object absorb all light and reflect its color only. 4- When you see opaque object through sheet with the same color it reflect its color 5- When you see opaque object through sheet with different color it seems black.
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Q1- Write the scientific term: 1-Seven colors forms the white color ………………………………………………………………………………..
2. blue - red - green. ………………………………………………………………………………..
3. colors formed in the sky after rain. …………………………………………………………………………………
4. colors formed from mixing two primary colors. …………………………………………………………………………. ……… Q2- What happens if: 1.White light falls on a black object. …………………………………………………………………………….
2. White light falls on green object.
…………………………………………………………………………….
3.seeing a red apple from green sheet.
…………………………………………………………………………….
4. Mixing primary colors.
Q3- Give reasons for: 1.We can see colored objects. …………………………………………………………………………
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2. The banana appears to be yellow.
……………………………………………………………………………
3. Formation of Rainbow.
……………………………………………………………………………..
4. The blackboard appears black.
……………………………………………………………………………..
5. The blackboard appears black.
…………………………………………………………………………….
Q4- Complete the following: 1. The eye can see .......... objects.
2. The opaque objects .......... all colors.
3. The .......... consists of seven colors.
4. The rainbow is formed from .......... in air.
5. The seven colors can be seen by.......... .
6. On mixing red + green it produces .......... color.
7. On Mixing primary colors .......... is produced. 8.On Mixing red + blue it produces .......... color.
9. The white object .......... all colors.
Q5- Compare between: 1- Primary colors 2- Secondary colors
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Magnetism
1- The Ancient Greeks discovered a type of rocks located in
an area named magnesia
2- The discovered rock has Natural force to attract the materials made of iron.
3- They named the force magnetism and the black rock is called Natural Magnet.
Natural Magnet: One of the iron ores which is known as magnetite Different shapes of magnet.
Bar magnet - horse shoe magnet - Round magnet - Needle magnet.
Kind of Materials :Kind of Materials
Magnetic substances Non-magnetic substances Materials that attract to magnet. Ex: Iron-Cobalt-Nickel-Steel. Materials that don't attract to magnet. Ex: Aluminium-Copper-Glass- Chalk
Properties of magnet
The area around magnet from all directions is called magnetic field
magnet has two poles
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Poles of magnets
two ends of the magnet which attracts a great The Area - at the
number of paper clips
of the free motion magnetDirection
* When a magnet is freely hold one of its poles direct to North direction which is called North Pole of magnet and the
other pole direct to the South Pole and it is called South Pole of magnet .
- Like poles repel each other .
slike poles attract each otherDi .
South + south - >- repel .
North + north - >- repel .
North + south - >- attract
Magnetic field
The space around magnet in which the effect of magnetic force appears through
force Magnetic
attract the magnetic materials existed in its field The ability of magnet .
Compass
Instrument used to identify the four geographic directions .
Idea of compass depends on the magnetized Needle that can spin freely to determine North and South Poles
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Q1- Complete the following: 1. The Natural magnet is .......... stone named .......... .
2. The Natural magnet was discovered in .......... area.
3. The magnet takes many shapes as .......... and .......... .
4. From magnetic substance is .......... while .......... is from non magnetic substances.
5. The area around magnet in which its ability appear is called .......... .
6. The magnet has .......... poles.
7. Like poles .......... while unlike poles .......... .
8. We can determine geographic directions by .......... .
Q2- Mention an example for: 1.One shape of magnets. 2. Non-magnetic substance.
Instrument to determine geographic directions.
Q3- Compare between: 1- Magnetic - Non-magnetic substances
2- Natural magnet - man made magnet
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Q4- Give reasons for: 1. Using magnetic needle in compass. …………………………………………………………………………
2. Iron is magnetic substance.
………………………………………………………………………….
3. Glass is Non-magnetic substance.
………………………………………………………………………….
Q5- What happens if: 1. North pole of magnet is closed to North pole of another
2. Hang a magnet freely. Q6- Write the scientific term: 1. The strongest area in magnet at two ends.
2. The ability of magnet to attract things made of iron.
3. One of iron ore named magnetite. 4. Instrument used to determine geographic directions.
Q7- Complete the following:
1- ………… is a type of rocks has an attractive force to any material made of iron.
2- The like (similar) magnetic poles ………… each other, but the unlike (opposite) magnetic poles ………… each other.
3- The magnet is surrounded by an area called …………..
4- the ………………is the space around the magnet in which the effect of magnetic force appears.
5- …………...is the ability of the magnet to attract the magnetic materials existed in its field.
6- The similar magnetic poles …………. , while the opposite
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magnetic poles …………
7- ………………….. Is the ability of magnet to attract the magnetic materials existed in its field.
8- ……………….... is the space around the magnet in which the effect of magnetic force appears.
9- The greatest magnetic force is concentrated at …………... of magnet.
10- Electric current has ………….. effect.
11- Electromagnet converts the …………. energy into ………. energy.
12- The electromagnet is used in making ……….. , ………….. , and ………….
13- The Natural magnet is .......... stone named .......... .
14- The Natural magnet was discovered in .......... area.
15- The magnet takes many shapes as .......... and .......... .
16- From magnetic substance is .......... while .......... is from non magnetic substances.
17- The area around magnet in which its ability appear is called .......... .
18- The magnet has .......... poles.
19- Like poles .......... while unlike poles .......... .
20- We can determine geographic directions by .......... .
21- …………....are the materials which are attracted to the magnet.
22- ………….…..are the materials which are not attracted to the magnet.
23- The freely moving (suspended) magnet always takes a …………. direction, which is …………direction.
24- the magnet's pole that always refers to the north direction is called …………..
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25- the magnet has most the powerful of attractions at its ……………….
26- The ………………consists of small light magnet moves freely around a fixed axis.
27- when a magnet is hanged freely , its north pole is directed towards the ………….. direction of earth.
Mention an example for:
1. One shape of magnets.
2. Magnetic substance.
3. Non-magnetic substance.
4. Instrument to determine geographic directions.
Compare between:
1- Magnetic - Non-magnetic substances
2- Natural magnet - man made magnet
…………………………………………
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Give reasons for:
1. Using magnetic needle in compass.
…………………………………………………………………………… ……………
2. Iron is magnetic substance.
……………………………………………………………………………
3. Glass is Non-magnetic substance.
……………………………………………………………………………
4. The magnet attracts iron, but doesn't attract copper.
……………………………………………………………………………
5. When you approach a magnet to some paper clips, the clips are attracted to the two poles of the magnet.
……………………………………………………………………………
6. The north pole of a magnet attracts the south pole of another magnet, but repels the north pole.
…………………………………………………………………………… ……………
7. The compass is used to locate (determine) the main four directions.
…………………………………………………………………………… ……………
8- some materials called magnetic materials.
……………………………………………………………………………
What happens if:
1. North pole of magnet is closed to North pole of another .
…………………………………………………………………………… ……………
2. Hang a magnet freely.
……………………………………………………………………………
Write the scientific term:
1. The strongest area in magnet at two ends.
2. The ability of magnet to attract things made of iron.
3. One of iron ore named magnetite.
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4. Instrument used to determine geographic directions.
5. the space around the magnet in which the effect of magnetic force appears.
6. The regions (areas) of magnet at which most of the magnetic materials are attracted.
7. the materials that are attracted to the magnet.
8. the materials that are not attracted to the magnet.
9. The pole of the magnet which points to the north direction of the earth.
10. The pole of the magnet that repels with the north pole of another magnet.
11. the two ends of the magnet , where the magnetic force most powerful.
12. the pole of the magnet that attracted with the north pole of another magnet.
13. a set is used for locating the main four geographical directions.
14. an object that consists of a small light magnetic needle that can spin freely around a fixed axis.
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and electricity Magnetism
The magnetic field can be generated by using an electric current .
* electric current passes through a wire it produces a magnetic field When an .
? How we can make an electromagnet
When electric current passes through a twisted wire in the form of a coil around a wrought iron bar becomes a magnet.
and it is known as "the electromagnet
Note :
magnetic force of electromagnet can be increased by increasing The number of turns or by increasing the intensity of electric current passing through the coil by using many batteries .
Uses of electromagnet :
move heavy Iron blocks In winch to
Electric bell .
Electric Mixer Disc drive .
Television .
Generating electric current from magnet :
The scientist Faraday discovered that on moving a wire between two poles of magnet an electric current is produced in the wire .
Faraday uses this discovery to make electric generator) (
electric energy The electric generator changes Mechanical energy [Kinetic] *
Dynamo is used in many objects: .
1- In bicycle it contains a small cylinder that touches the bicycle wheel tire-and it is connected to U-shaped magnet
2- In electric power stations they use a huge electric generators that contain many great coils that turn between two poles of a huge magnet used for lightening cities
.
How can we increase a mount of electricity from Dynamo?
magnet Using a strong .
Increasing the number of turns in the moving coils .
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Correct the words between brekets:
1. The magnetic field can be generated by (water) current.
2. The (Natural Magnet) is used in winch.
3. (Motor) can be used to generate electricity.
4. Electric generator in bicycle used (Huge) magnet
Complete the following:
1. The electric generator changes ......... energy to ......... energy.
2. Power stations depend on ......... to generate electricity.
3. The electric current has ......... effect on passing in wires.
4. Electromagnet can be used in ......... .
5. The scientist ......... discovered the idea of electric generator.
6. The best iron used in electromagnet is ......... iron.
7. The Dynamo in bicycle uses ......... magnet.
8. the electric current produced by the electric generator ( dynamo) increases by ……………… or …………………………….
9. The magnetic force of the electromagnet can be increased by increasing the number of …………. and …………
10. the produced amount of electricity from the dynamo can be increased by ………….and ……………………………………..
11- when an electric current flows through a wire twisted ( winding) around a wrought Irion nail, the nail becomes an ……………………………..
12- the electro magnet consists of …………………….., ……………… and ………………………….
13- when you a coil between two poles of a magnet ,
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…………………….is generated in the coil.
14- the basic idea of the electric generator is the changing the ………. Energy into ………….. energy.
15- the apparatus that converts kinetic energy is called …………………….
16 – a set is used to change the mechanical energy into electrical energy is called ……………..
Give reasons for:
1. The electric current has a magnetic effect.
……………………………………………………………………………
2. Electromagnet has many uses.
……………………………………………………………………………
3. Power stations use huge magnets.
……………………………………………………………………………
4. The magnetic force increases by increase number of battery.
……………………………………………………………………………
5. A wrought iron nail is used for making the electromagnet.
……………………………………………………………………………
6. In the dynamo we must increase the motion of the coil between the two poles of magnet.
……………………………………………………………………………
7- Dynamo changes the mechanical energy into electric energy.
……………………………………………………………………………
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What happens when:
1. A bar of wrought iron surrounded by wire contains electric current.
……………………………………………………………………………
2. A wire moves between-two poles of magnet.
……………………………………………………………………………
Write an example for:
1. An instrument depends on electromagnet. electric bell
2. An instrument used to move heavy blocks of iron.
3. An instrument used to generate electricity.
Choose:
1- The dynamo generates ………….. energy from mechanical energy.
a. thermal b. electrical c. light d. magnetic
2- The electric current can be generated in a coil of dynamo by
a. moving the coil between the two poles of a magnet.
b. moving a magnet inside the coil.
c. (a) and (b).
d. moving the coil and the magnet around each other.
3- To increase the amount of electricity that is produced from the dynamo, we must …………
a. use a strong magnet.
b. increase the number of turns in the moving coils.
c. decrease the number of turns in the coils.
d. (a) and (b).
4- the coil of dynamo is made up of ………………..
a- carbon b- copper c- plastic d- graphite
5- the dynamo is fixed in the bicycle touching the bicycle's
a- seat b- pedal c- tire d- gear
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Mixtures The matter can be classified into two basic parts: 1- Pure substances: made of only one type of identical particles such as water – sugar. 2- Mixture: made of more than one type of particles. · Things can be mixed together by any amounts. Examples of mixture in our life: Air – Mineral water. · Solids can be mixed by shaking or grinding. · Solid and liquid can be mixed by shaking or stirring. · Liquid materials can be mixed by shaking or stirring. Separation of Mixtures:
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Complete the following:
1- Sugar and water can be mixed by ………or …………
- Sand and salt can be mixed by ………… or …………..
3- ………or shaking is a method to form liquid mixtures.
4- Matter can be divided into pure .......... or .......... .
5- Mixtures can be .......... , .......... or .......... .
6- Mixtures can be formed by .......... amounts. any
7- Air is a .......... .
8- Solid materials can be mixed by .......... or .......... .
9- Liquids and solids can be mixed by .......... or .......... .
10- Liquid materials can be mixed by .......... or .......... .
11- Mixture of sand and iron can be separated by .......... .
12- Mixture of water and oil can be separated by .......... .
13- From Gaseous mixture is .......... .
14- The mixture of salt and sand can be mixed by .......... or .......... .
15- ………….is the substance that is made of only one type of identical particles.
16- …………..is the substance that consists of more than one type of particles
17- …………..is a type of mixtures in which, we cannot distinguish between its components.
18- …………..is a type of mixtures in which, we can distinguish between its components.
19- The solid materials can be separated by............
20- Liquid mixtures can be mixed by...............
21 - Solid and liquid materials can be mixed by…………..
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Give reasons for:
(1) Air is a mixture.
……………………………………………………………………………
(2) Mineral water is a mixture.
……………………………………………………………………………
(3) Iron and sulphur mixture can be separated by magnet.
……………………………………………………………………………
(4) Both sugar and distilled water are considered pure substances.
……………………………………………………………………………
(5) A mixture of sand and iron filings can be separated easily.
……………………………………………………………………………
(6) Filtration process is used to separate sand from sugary solution.
……………………………………………………………………………
(7) Both milk and concrete are considered mixtures.
……………………………………………………………………………
(8) some mixtures can be separated by using the separating funnel.
How can you separate each of the following?
(1) Sulphur and iron : ..........
(2) Oil and water : ..........
(3) Water and sand : ..........
(4) salt from salty water:
(5) sand from water sand mixture :
(7) coffee from water :
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Compare between:
1- Pure substance 2- Mixture
Put ( ) or ( x)
1- vegetable salad is considered a mixture. ( )
2- separating funnel is used in separating hetero generous liquid mixture. ( )
3- solubility, filtration and evaporation are ways of separating mixtures. ( )
4- we use filtration process to separate mixtures which can precipitate. ( )
5- we use evaporation process to separate crushed coffee from water. ( )
What happens when:
1- shaking or stiring some sugar with water.
…………………………………………………………………………… ……………….
2- heating salty water for a long time.
…………………………………………………………………………… ……………….
3- dissolving carbon dioxide gas in a sugary solution.
…………………………………………………………………………… ……………….
4- leaving an amount of sea water exposed to sun light for days.
…………………………………………………………………………… ……………….
5- mixing different types of juices together.
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solution
A solution is made when one or two or more substances are mixed to form solution. Types of solution
Solubility: any solution consists of two Substances:
· When a substance dissolves in water, it is called soluble and when it doesn’t dissolve, it is called insoluble. · Dissolution [solution formation]
· The water is known as the common solvent because thousands of substances dissolve in water. · Factors affecting solubility: (1) Quantity of solvent and solute. (2) Temperature (heating increases dissolution). (3) Stirring. (4) Kind of solute.
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Q1 Complete
1- The solution a type of ……….
2- ………. is a homogeneous liquid mixture
3- ……… is a type of mixtures that its components can `t be distinguished
4- …….. , ……… and …….. are homogeneous liquid mixtures
5- The substance that dissolves in a liquid is called ……….
6- The substance in which the solute dissolves is called……..
7- ……… is considered a general solvent, because its ability to dissolve most material.
8- Increasing the quantity of solvent …….. the solubility time in a certain amount of solute.
9- Increasing ………. reducing the solubility time.
10- Natural orange juice and …….. are homogenous liquid mixtures.
11- A solution consists of .......... and .......... .
12- From factors that affect dissolution process ……….
Q2 Write scientific term 1- A mixture consists of solute and solvent. ………………………………………………… 2- The common solvent. ………………………………………………… 3- Formation of solution. ....................................................................
4- Substances that can dissolve in water.
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QCompare between
1- solute 2- solvent
Q4 choose
1- ……. Results from the solubility of a solute in a solvent.
a- Mixtures c- stirring
b- Liquid d- solution
2- To form salty solution, we add salt to water with ………
a- melting c- evaporation
b- stirring d- grinding
3- The solvent in chocolate - milk solution is ………
a- milk c- chocolate
b- water d- no thing
4- Most mixtures formed by dissolving in liquids are ……… mixtures a. homogeneous c. heterogeneous
b. identical d. (b) and (c)
5- Substance in which solids dissolve is called…….
a. solvent c. sugar
b. solute d. juice
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Food relationships among living organisms Food relationships among living organisms. Green plants can make their own food from sunlight [photosynthesis] Animals depend on Green plants or other animals to get their food and produce energy. The food relations between living organisms are: (1) Predation. (2) Commensalisms. (3) Saprophytism. (4) Parasitism. (1) Predation: is a temporary relationship which ends up by devouring the prey or part of it. · Predation done between two living organisms.
· Predation is less common in plants because plants can make their food. (Autotrophic). · Some plants are called (insectivores plants) because they devour some insects to get protein. Ex: Drosera, Hyacinth plant. - Some ways of self-defense against predation in living organisms:
(2) Mimicry: harmless living organisms imitate other kinds of harmful or poisonous living organism. Ex: Bees look like wasps.
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(2) Commensalisms: it is a common relationship between two different types of living organisms, one of them benefits from the other and does not harm it and the other one may or may not benefit from the other.
(b) Symbiosis: one living organism gets benefit from the relation and the other gets neither a benefit nor a harm. - birds and crocodiles. - tiny aquatic living organisms and canals and fissures. (3) Saprophytism: living organisms get their food by decomposing food remains or the bodies of dead organisms. Examples : fungi as mushroom, penicillin and bread mold. (4) Parasitism: relationship between two different kinds of living organisms: one benefits from the other and is known as (the parasite) while the other is harmed and known as the host. - This relation causes weakness of the host but it doesn't kill it.
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Harms of parasitism: - Diseases as Elephantiasis by filaria worm Malaria by mosquitoes. Smallpox by types of fleas.
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Complete the following:
1- Green plants can make their food depending on .......... .
2- From the food relations between living organisms are .......... , .......... , ..........
3- The relation between a prey and predator is .......... .
4- The relation between nodular bacteria and bean plant is .......... .
5- From the self-defense methods against predation is .......... and….
6- From the insectivore plants are .......... and .......... .
7- Birds and crocodiles are considered as .......... .
8- Feeding on the remains of living organisms is known as .......... .
9- The parasitism may be .......... or .......... .
10- From the diseases caused by parasitism are .......... and ..........
11- ………….is a food relationship among living organisms, where one living organism devours another one.
12- …………is a common food relationship between two different living organisms, one of them benefits from the other and does not harm it, but the other may or may not benefit from the first.
13- …………..is a food relationship between two different kinds of living organisms, one benefits from the other and is known as the parasite ,while the other is harmed and is known as the host
5- …………. and ………….. are some of the ways of self-defense against predation in animals.
4- The food relationship in which one living organism devours another one is know as …………
6- Plants that feed on some insects are know as …………. plants, such as …………. plant and …………plant
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Write the scientific term:
1- the living organism changes its color to simulate the color of its surrounding environment. (………………………………… )
2-The harmless living organisms imitate other harmful or poisonous living organisms to fear their enemies and escape from them. (………….)
3- It is a food relationship in which, each organism gets benefit from the other and is not harmed. (……………..…….)
4- It is a food relationship between two living organisms where, one of them benefits from the other, while the other neither gets benefits nor is harmed.(……………………….)
5- the temporary food relationship that ends by devouring the prey or a part of it.(…………………………)
6- the food relation ship in which one organism benefits from the other and the other neither gets benefits nor is harmed. (…………………………)
Mention an example for:
1- Autotrophic living organism: ........................
2- Predator: ..............................
3- Prey: ............................
4- Camouflage: .........................
5- Commensalisms: ..................
Compare between:
1- Self feeders
2- Predators
Give reasons for:
1- Saprophytes are very important for life.
……………………………………………………………………………
2- Some animals do camouflage.
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……………………………………………………………………………
3- Some plants feed on insects.
……………………………………………………………………………
4- Drosera is an insectivorous plant.
……………………………………………………………………………
5- A chameleon simulates the color of the surrounding environment.
……………………………………………………………………………
6- Some bees look like wasps in forming stripes on their bodies.
……………………………………………………………………………
7- The relation between a bee and flowers of plants is a mutual relationship.
……………………………………………………………………………
8- Bread mold fungus is saprophytic organism.
……………………………………………………………………………
9- The death of the host is considered a loss to the parasite.
…………………………………………………………………………
Compare between:
1- External parasitism
2- Internal parasitism
Write some harms of parasitism.
……………………………………………………………………………
What will happen if
1- The host died : .........................................................................................................
2- The preys disappear: ...............................................................................................
3- Plants disappear: ......................................................................................................
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Environmental balance Ecosystem: is any natural area including living organisms and non-living things. Ex: river – sea – desert – forest
* The components of the ecosystem. 1- Living organisms Animals - plants fungi – Algae. 2- Non–living components Air, soil, water, sun. Environmental balance: The balance among the components of the ecosystem. - The universe is considered as a unified ecosystem. * Environmental balance is being kept through the interaction between its components, so it is a continuous process. - Natural changes: 1- Disappearance of some organisms. Ex: Disappearance of huge reptiles [dinosaurs] or [extinction]. · The effect of predation on the environmental balance:
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It organises the numbers of preys populations. To get rid of weak or sick members and make food resources sufficient for them. · The effect of saprophytism. They get rid of dead living organisms and complete the food chains and webs and release the chemical elements from their bodies again to earth.
What is meant by:
1- Ecosystem: ..........................
2- Non-living components: .........................
3- Small ecosystem: .........................
4- Environmental balance.
Give reasons for:
1- Importance of predators.
……………………………………………………………………………
2- The desert is large ecosystem.
……………………………………………………………………………
3- Predation relationship plays an important role in keeping the balance of the ecosystem.
……………………………………………………………………………
What will happen if …… :
1- Saprophytes are not exist: .........................
2- Population of preys increases: ........................
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3- if Rabbits are introduced into an island that has a suitable
4- environment with much food and no natural enemies.
……………………………………………………………………………
Complete the following:
1- Disappearance of living organisms is called .......... .
2- Ecosystem has two kinds .......... and .......... .
3- From the living organisms in ecosystem is .......... .
4- The food chains are ended by .......... .
5- The interaction between living organisms is .......... process to keep .......... .
6- From the non-living components of ecosystem are .......... and .......... .
7- The universe is considered as a unified .......... .
8- …………. is the balance between the components of the ecosystem.
9-…………. is any natural area that contains living organisms and non-living things
Write the importance of:
1- Predation: ....................
2- Environmental balance: ....................
choose
1- They are the materials which are not attracted to the magnet.
( Chalk – glass- paper aluminum - copper-wood –leather- plastic )
2- They are the materials which are attracted to the magnet.
( Iron – nickel- steel and cobalt )
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Complete:
1-Light can easily transmit through…………..…and…….………materials.
2-The like poles……....each other, while the unlike poles………….each other.
3-There are two types of commensalism which are..…………..and….………….
4-The ecosystem is a………….….area that contains…………..and……..………
5-Electric current has……………effect.
6-The spectrum colors start with…….…..color and ends with…..……color.
7-Materials are classified according to their ability of magnetization into………….……..and……….………materials.
8-Vinegar and water is…..…….mixture, while sand and water is……..….mixture.
9-Predation is less common in…………...world than in………..…world.
10-….…………and………..….are from the magnetic materials.
11-…………………plants have to prey some insects to get their needed elements for making………………substances.
12-Mixtures can be formed by……….…... , ………………and………..……
13-…………….and……………are examples of pure substances.
14-Examples of saprophytes include some fungi such as……… , ………..and………..
15-Materials can be classified according to their ability to transmit light into…………..….,…….……..….and………….……materials.
16-The English scientist……………..made a magnetized needle which is used nowadays in making………………
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17-……………..and…………….are from the ways of self-defense against predation in living organisms.
18-The electric current produced by the electric generator (dynamo) increases by…………………or…………….…..
19-Liver worms ,……………… and…………...are from parasites that live internally inside the host’s body.
20-The electromagnet consists of………..….. , ………..….and………..………
21-Camouflage phenomenon is found in some living organisms such as birds,… …………….and………….….
22-…………..……process is used to separate a soluble salt from its solution.
23-Predators help preys to get rid of………..……or…………….members.
24-The image of an object that is formed through a narrow hole is……………....
25-The apparatus that converts kinetic energy into electric energy is called…………….………..
26-……………..…….is used to separate water-oil mixture.
27-The glass prism is used to separate the………………….light into seven colors called………………..…
28-Components of a mixture can be separated by……..….. , ……..….or…………
29-In parasitism relationship, the death of the ………………..is considered a loss to the……….……..
30-The presence of………….…and……….…..are factors necessary for light reflection.
31-Plants that feed on some insects are known as ………………….plants, such as………….…..plant and………….…plant
32-……………………converts the electrical energy into magnetic energy, while dynamo converts…………………energy into…………….…energy
33-Nodular bacteria provides the bean plant with……………...by fixing it on the plant in an………………form
34-The magnet has the most powerful of attraction at its ……….….
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Model exam 1
complete the following statements A) -1
1. The presence of ........... and ............ from necessary factors for light reflection.
2. ......... and .......... from non – magnetic material.
3. The like poles repel each other , while un like poles ..........
4. plants that feed on some insects are known as ........... plants, such as ....... plant and ......... plant.
B) Give reasons
1. Both milk and concrete are considered mixtures.
.......................................................................................
2. Aluminum foil is an opaque material.
.......................................................................................
Correct the underlined words A -2
process to separate mixtures which evaporation1. We use contain precipitate.
parasites.external Bilharzias and ascaris worms are 2.
is used for making electric bells . Dynamo3.
-B) What is meant by:
1. Mixtures
…………………………………………………………………
2. Light separation
…………………………………………………………………
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-A) Choose the correct answer: -3
1. We can see objects due to …….
b. reflection a. refraction
c. shadow d. spectrum colors
2. the compass contains ………
a. horse show magnet b. bar magnet
c. magnetic needle d. ring magnet
3. The first spectrum color ………
a. red b. orange
c. indigo d. violet
4. ……… is insect eater plants.
a. ascaris b. bean
c. drosera d. mushroom
-Mention the kind of food relationship: -4
a. crocodile and birds ………………………………….
b. Nodular bacteria and bean plant……………………
c. sponge and tiny aquatic living organisms…………..
d. Fungi and dead body………………………………...
B )What happen when :-
1. You put the north pole of magnet close to the north pole of another magnet.
…………………………………………………………………
2. There are no predators in the ecosystem
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Model exam 2
tmentsA) complete the following sta -1
1. the prism separates the sunlight into ……..
2. The magnate has……. Poles , one of them called …… and the other called ……..
3. Food is main source of …….. for all ………
4. Sugar and water can be mixed by ………..
B ) What is meant by:
1. Regular reflection
…………………………………………………………………..
2. Magnetic force
…………………………………………………………………..
) correct the underlined words A -2
changes the kinetic energy into electric electromagnet 1. The energy.
materials. allThe magnet attracts 2.
r of preys.recognize the numbe Saprophytes3.
consists of more than one type of particles. Pure substance4.
happen when) What -B
1. Leaving an amount of sea water exposed to sunlight for some days.
……………………………………………………………….
2. You look at a picture through a frosted glass.
……………………………………………………………….
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) write scientific term -3
1. The materials that form a clear shadow with a sharp edge when light falls on them.
………………………………………………………………….
2. A device used to detect the magnetic effect of the electric current .
…………………………………………………………………
3. The mixture results from dissolving salt in water.
…………………………………………………………………
4. The worm which infects man with elephantiasis .
…………………………………………………………………
) Choose the correct answerA -4
1. A pencil seems broken when it is placed in cup of water due to ………..
b. reflection a. refraction
c. shadow d. spectrum colors
2. An electric current is generated in a coil of isolated wire when you move …… bar inside the coil.
a. iron b. magnetic
c. wooden c. non- magnetic
3. most mixtures formed by dissolving in liquids are ……
a. homogeneous b. heterogeneous
c. identical d. (b) and (c)
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B) Give reasons
1. The formation of images through narrow holes.
……………………………………………………………
2. Aluminum and copper are non - magnetic material.
……………………………………………………………
