sciaticnerve pptx
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The sciatic nerve is the largest nerve in the body, originating from the sacral plexus (L4-S3). It begins in the pelvis and passes through the gluteal region before terminating in the popliteal fossa by dividing into the tibial and common peroneal nerves. It provides motor and sensory innervation to the hamstring muscles and skin of the lower limb. Common sites of sciatic nerve injury include intramuscular injections into the gluteal region.
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Ulnar nerve
The ulnar nerve originates from the C8-T1 nerve roots of the brachial plexus. It descends along the back of the humerus and enters the forearm, running deep to the flexor carpi ulnaris muscle alongside the ulna. In the forearm, it supplies branches to the flexor carpi ulnaris and flexor digitorum profundus muscles. It continues into the hand, passing through the carpal tunnel to supply branches to small muscles of the hand and provide cutaneous innervation to the skin of the palm and back of the hand.
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The ankle is a complex joint made up of the ankle joint proper, subtalar joint, and inferior tibiofibular joint. The ankle joint itself involves the tibia and fibula meeting with the talus bone. It allows for dorsiflexion and plantar flexion. The subtalar joint connects the talus to the calcaneus bone and permits side to side foot motion. Strong ligaments including the deltoid and lateral ligaments provide stability to the ankle joints. The talus bone transmits body weight and articulates with the tibia, fibula, navicular, and calcaneus. Blood supply comes from surrounding arteries and the ankle joints are innervated by nearby nerves.
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Trapezius
The trapezius muscle is a broad, flat muscle that extends from the cervical to thoracic region. It has three parts - descending, ascending, and middle. The trapezius contributes to shoulder and head movement. It originates on the occipital bone, cervical and thoracic vertebrae and inserts on the clavicle, acromion, and scapula. The trapezius elevates, depresses, rotates, and retracts the scapula. Stretching, massage, and applying pressure can help reduce pain in the trapezius muscle.
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sciaticnerve-180502181117.pdf
The sciatic nerve is the largest nerve in the body that originates from the lumbosacral plexus and divides into the tibial and common fibular nerves. It provides motor innervation to the muscles of the posterior thigh, leg, and foot and sensory innervation to most of the leg and foot. Injuries to the sciatic nerve can result in motor deficits like foot drop and sensory loss in the leg and foot. Special care must be taken when giving injections in the gluteal region to avoid damaging the sciatic nerve. Compression of the nerve can also cause sciatica and temporary paresthesia known as "sleeping foot".
Sciatic nerve
The sciatic nerve is the largest nerve in the body that originates from the lumbosacral plexus. It provides motor innervation to the muscles of the posterior thigh, leg, and foot. Sensory innervation is provided to the back of the thigh and parts of the leg and foot. Injury to the sciatic nerve can result in motor deficits like foot drop and sensory loss in its territory. Compression of the nerve can cause sciatica, with pain radiating down the leg. Consideration of the nerve's anatomy is important when giving injections in the gluteal region.
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The Funky Professor videos can be viewed here;
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The knee joint is the largest and most complex joint in the body. It is a modified hinge joint that allows flexion, extension, and some rotation. The knee joint is composed of three articulations: the medial and lateral tibiofemoral joints between the femur and tibia, and the patellofemoral joint between the femur and patella. The knee joint is supported by ligaments such as the anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments, as well as menisci that cushion the joint surfaces.
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sciaticnerve-180502181117.pdf
The sciatic nerve is the largest nerve in the body that originates from the lumbosacral plexus and divides into the tibial and common fibular nerves. It provides motor innervation to the muscles of the posterior thigh, leg, and foot and sensory innervation to most of the leg and foot. Injuries to the sciatic nerve can result in motor deficits like foot drop and sensory loss in the leg and foot. Special care must be taken when giving injections in the gluteal region to avoid damaging the sciatic nerve. Compression of the nerve can also cause sciatica and temporary paresthesia known as "sleeping foot".
Sciatic nerve
The sciatic nerve is the largest nerve in the body that originates from the lumbosacral plexus. It provides motor innervation to the muscles of the posterior thigh, leg, and foot. Sensory innervation is provided to the back of the thigh and parts of the leg and foot. Injury to the sciatic nerve can result in motor deficits like foot drop and sensory loss in its territory. Compression of the nerve can cause sciatica, with pain radiating down the leg. Consideration of the nerve's anatomy is important when giving injections in the gluteal region.
Sciatic Nerve Anatomy
The sciatic nerves branches from your lower back through your hips and buttocks and down each leg. Sciatica refers to pain that travels along the path of the sciatic nerve
Nerve roots: L4-S3.
Motor functions:
Innervates the muscles of the posterior thigh (biceps femoris, semimembranosus and semitendinosus) and the hamstring portion of the adductor magnus (remaining portion of which is supplied by the obturator nerve).
Indirectly innervates (via its terminal branches) all the muscles of the leg and foot.
Sensory functions: No direct sensory functions. Indirectly innervates (via its terminal branches) the skin of the lateral leg, heel, and both the dorsal and plantar surfaces of the foot.
Lower limb nerve injuries
This presentation summarizes nerve injuries of the lower limb. It begins with an overview of the nervous system and its components. It then discusses the specific nerves of the lower limb, including their anatomy and areas of innervation. Various mechanisms of nerve injury are described. Sunderland and Seddon's classifications of nerve injuries are explained. Finally, the presentation covers assessment, investigations and management of nerve injuries, both conservative and surgical.
Sciatic Nerve PDF
The sciatic nerve is the largest nerve in the human body, originating from the sacral plexus formed by the lumbosacral trunk and sacral spinal nerves. It provides motor and sensory innervation to the muscles and skin of the lower limb. Sciatica refers to pain along the sciatic nerve distribution, often caused by a herniated disc pressing on the nerve roots in the lower back. The sciatic nerve divides into the tibial and common peroneal nerves in the popliteal fossa, each having distinct motor and sensory functions in the leg and foot.
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4.gluteal region
1. The gluteal region is supplied by cutaneous nerves from the lumbar and sacral plexuses and contains important muscles like the gluteus maximus, medius, and minimus.
2. The piriformis muscle and other structures pass through openings in the pelvis called the greater and lesser sciatic foramina.
3. The inferior and superior gluteal nerves and vessels enter the gluteal region through the greater sciatic foramen to innervate and supply blood to the muscles and skin.
4- Lecture Posterior Comp. of thigh.pdf
- The document provides information about the anatomy of the posterior compartment of the thigh, including the hamstring muscles (biceps femoris, semitendinosus, and semimembranosus) and the sciatic nerve.
- It describes the origin, insertion, nerve supply, and actions of the hamstring muscles. It also details the course and branches of the sciatic nerve as it passes through the pelvis, gluteal region and thigh.
- Safe sites for intramuscular injection are discussed to avoid injury to the sciatic nerve and blood vessels in the region. Causes and effects of sciatic nerve injury are also summarized.
LUMBOSACRAL PLEXUS.ppt
The sacral plexus is a network of nerves formed by the lumbosacral trunk (L4, L5) and sacral spinal nerves (S1 - S4). The sacral plexus is located on the posterior pelvic wall, posterior to the internal iliac vessels and ureter, and anterior to the piriformis muscle.
Popliteal fossa & back of thigh
The document describes the anatomy of the popliteal fossa and back of the thigh. It contains the following key points:
1. The popliteal fossa is a diamond-shaped depression on the back of the knee that contains the popliteal artery, vein and tibial nerve.
2. The hamstring muscles originate on the ischial tuberosity and insert on the tibia or fibula. They flex the knee and extend the hip.
3. The sciatic nerve arises in the pelvis and divides into the tibial and common peroneal nerves in the popliteal fossa, supplying muscles of the thigh and leg.
Median nerve
The median nerve arises from the brachial plexus and provides motor innervation to the flexor muscles of the anterior forearm and intrinsic hand muscles like the thenar muscles. It provides sensory innervation to the palmar surfaces of the lateral three and a half digits. Damage to the median nerve can occur in different locations and results in characteristic motor and sensory deficits, with carpal tunnel syndrome being a common cause of injury within the carpal tunnel.
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1) The sciatic nerve emerges from the sacral plexus and leaves the pelvis through the greater sciatic foramen. It divides in the popliteal fossa into the tibial and common peroneal nerves.
2) The common peroneal nerve divides into the superficial and deep peroneal nerves. The superficial nerve innervates muscles that cause ankle eversion while the deep nerve innervates muscles that cause dorsiflexion of the ankle and toes.
3) Injuries to the sciatic, common peroneal, and deep per
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The document provides detailed information on the origin, course, branches and clinical assessment of the radial nerve.
Some key points:
1. The radial nerve originates from the posterior cord of the brachial plexus, which receives fibers from spinal nerve roots C5-T1.
2. It spirals down the humerus between the triceps muscles before passing behind the elbow and down the forearm.
3. It supplies muscles of the posterior arm and extensors of the forearm and hand.
4. Clinical assessment of radial nerve function involves testing specific muscles like the triceps, brachioradialis and extensors of the wrist, fingers and thumb
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The document describes the lumbar and sacral plexuses, which are nerve plexuses that provide motor and sensory innervation to the pelvis, lower limbs, and perineum. The lumbar plexus is formed from the anterior rami of the L1-L4 spinal nerves and provides innervation to the abdominal wall, pelvis, and thigh. The sacral plexus is formed from the anterior rami of L4-S4 spinal nerves and provides innervation to the pelvis, gluteal region, thigh, leg, and foot. Key nerves include the femoral, obturator, genitofemoral, lateral femoral cutaneous, and sciatic (formed from the tibial and common fibular
Gluteal region
The document summarizes the anatomy of the gluteal region, including the cutaneous nerves, muscles, arteries, and nerves. It lists the cutaneous nerves as branches of the subcostal, lumbar, and sacral nerves. It then describes the nine muscles of the gluteal region - gluteus maximus, medius, minimus, piriformis, superior and inferior gemellus, obturator internus, externus, and quadratus femoris. It notes the three arteries - superior and inferior gluteal and internal pudendal. Finally, it lists the nerves - superior gluteal, inferior gluteal, sciatic, posterior femoral cutaneous, pudend
Anatomy of posterior tibial nerve by im
The document provides detailed information on the anatomy and function of the posterior tibial nerve. It describes the nerve's origin, branches, innervation areas, and testing techniques. Key points include:
- The posterior tibial nerve originates from lumbar and sacral nerve roots and provides motor and sensory innervation to muscles and skin in the leg and foot.
- It gives off branches that innervate important calf and foot muscles like the gastrocnemius, soleus, flexor hallucis longus.
- The nerve can become entrapped in the tarsal tunnel, causing tarsal tunnel syndrome.
- Electromyography techniques are used to study the nerve by stimulating and recording from sites along its path
Gluteal region by ritika
it includes anatomy of the gluteal region, its muscles, nerves and vessels. it also included applied anatomy of this region
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- 2. ◤ INTRO • Sciatic nerve is the thickest nerve in the body • It begins in the pelvis and terminates into popliteal fossa by dividing into tibial and common peroneal nerves.
- 3. ◤ ORIGIN AND ROOT VALUE This is the largest branch of sacral plexus. Its root value is L4,L5,S1,S2,S3. It is made up of two parts , the tibial part and the common peroneal part. The tibial part is formed by the ventral divisions of anterior primary rami (ventral rami) of L4,L5,S1,S2,S3. The common peroneal part is formed by the dorsal divisions of the anterior primary rami (ventral rami) of L4,L5,S1,S2
- 4. ◤ ORIGIN
- 5. ◤
- 6. ◤ Course & Distribution It leaves the pelvis through greater sciatic foramen, below the piriformis & passes in the gluteal region (between ischial tuberosity & greater trochanter) then to posterior compartment of thigh. Termination In the middle of the back of the thigh (apex of the popliteal fossa) It divides into 2 terminal branches: Tibial & Common Peroneal (Fibular).
- 7. Anatomical Course The sciatic nerve is derived from the lumbosacral plexus. After its formation, it leaves the pelvis and enters the gluteal region via greater sciatic foramen. It emerges inferiorly to the piriformis muscle and descends in an inferolateral direction. As the nerve moves through the gluteal region, it crosses the posterior surface of the superior gemellus, obturator internus, inferior gemellus and quadratus femoris muscles. It then enters the posterior thigh by passing deep to the long head of the biceps femoris. Within the posterior thigh, the nerve gives rise to branches to the hamstring muscles and adductor magnus. When the sciatic nerve reaches the apex of the popliteal fossa, it terminates by bifurcating into the tibial and common fibular nerves.
- 8. ◤ BRANCHES OF SCIATIC NERVE 1. Cutaneous: ⚫ To all leg & foot directly or indirectly EXCEPT: Areas supplied by the saphenous nerve (branch of femoral nerve).
- 9. ◤ BRANCHES OF SCIATIC NERVE 2. Muscular: • To Hamstrings: It is one of the three posterior thigh muscles in between the hip and knee (m-l, semimembranosus, semitendonosus, and biceps femoris) (flexors of knee & extensors of the hip). (through tibial part) to: 1. Hamstring part of Adductor Magnus. ,(ischial part) 2. Long head of Biceps Femoris. 3. Semitendinosus. 4. Semimembranosus. NB. The short head of biceps receives its branch (common peroneal) nerve.
- 10. ◤
- 11. ◤ BRANCHES OF SCIATIC NERVE
- 12. ◤ The sciatic nerve is most frequently injured by…? I- Badly placed intramuscular injections in the gluteal region. To avoid this, injections should be done into the gluteus maximus or medius (into the upper outer quadrant of buttock In 90% of injuries, the common peroneal nerve is the mostly affected. Why? - The common peroneal nerve fibers lie superficial in the sciatic nerve. CAUSES OF SCIATIC NERVE INJURY
- 13. ◤
- 14. ◤EFFECT OF SCIATIC NERVE INJURY MOTOR EFFECTS PARALYSIS OF MOVEMENTS AFFECTED HAMSTRING Flexion of knee and extension of hip ALL MUSCLES OF LEG AND FOOT All muscles of leg and foot SENSORY EFFECTS Loss of sensation of areas supplied by sciatic nerve (below knee) EXCEPT area supplied by saphenous nerve
- 15. ◤
- 16. ◤
- 17. ◤ OTHER CLINICAL ANATOMY SLEEPING FOOT : When a person sits on the edge of a hard table or chair, the nerve gets compressed between the edge of the table and femur. It results in the numbness of lower limb. But the sensations come back when foot is hit on the ground a few times. SCIATICA: It is the shooting pain along the cutaneous distribution of the sciatic nerve and its terminal branches, chiefly the common peroneal. Pain usually begins in the gluteal region, and radiates along the back of the thigh, and the lateral side of the leg, to the dorsum of the foot.