This document provides an overview of satellite communication and GPS systems. It defines what a satellite is, describes different orbit types including GEO, MEO and LEO. It explains how communication satellites work by receiving and transmitting signals via transponders. The document also discusses the global positioning system (GPS) network of satellites and how GPS is used to determine location. Advantages of satellite communication include coverage of remote areas while disadvantages include signal delay and high costs.

1. VIVEK COLLEGE OF
COMMERCE
AKASH MAURYA
ROLL NO. 22
SATELLEITE
COMMUNICATION

2. SATELLITE
COMMUNICATIONS
• WHAT IS SATELLITE?
• ORBITS
• COMMUNICATION SATELLITE
• ALL ABOUT SATELLITE COMMUNICATION
• WHAT IS GPS?
• THE SATELLITE GPS SYSTEMS
• ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES OF
SATELLITE COMMUNICATION
• CONCLUSIONS

3. SATELLITE

4. WHAT IS SATELLITE???
1. A solid heavenly object which revolves
around some heavenly body due to effect
of gravitational force.
2. There are two types of satellite,Passive
satellites & Active satellites.
3. Passive satellites are relay stations in space.
It includes subtopics, natural satellites
artificial satellites .
4. Active satellites are complicated structres
having a processing equipment called
Transponder provide the action to
incoming signal & prevents the interference
between two signal.

5. ORBITS
An orbit is a ragular, repeating
path that one object in space takes
around another one.
1. GEO:GEO satellites orbit the
earth directly over the equater
approximately 35,400 km up.
2. MEO:MEO is defined as the area
between LEO & GEO. MEO
satellites mostly contain GPS
satellite.
3. LEO:LEO is between 200 & 1400
km above the earth surface. LEO
satellites are less expensive to
build, typicallly less powerull and
have a shorter lifespan.

6. COMMUNICATION SATELLITES
1. Most communication satellites are in GEO.
2. A single satellite can cover as much as 40% of the earth surface. So
in theory three such satellites can provide Global coverage.
3. A satellites job is just to serve as a repeater & transmitter of the
signal.
4. A satellite contain a transponder which receives & transmits the
signal.
5. A transponder can handle approximately 5,000 simultaneous
voice or data channels.
6. A typical satellite has 32 transponders.
7. Transponder work on specific radio frequency wavelength or
bands. C,Ku & Ka are primary bands.
8. C was the 1st band used and as a larger waveleanth & requires a
larger antenna.
9. Ka is a new band allocation that isn’t wide in use.
10.Ku is the band used by most current VSAT.

7. PROCESS OF SATELLITE
COMMUNICATION
1. Satellite communication is the
communication between satellites.
2. Users are the ones who generate
baseband signals, processed at earth
station and then transmitted to the
satellite through dish antennas.
3. The satellite receives the transmitted
frequency and transponder present
inside it process and transmit the
downlink frequency to the antennas on
earth.
4. The antenna transmit the baseband
signal to the respective users.
5. The baseband signal is any kind of
content from simple data to the most
complex and bandwidth intensive
video, audio and data content.

8. Global Positioning System
What is GPS?
The Global
Positioning System is a
satellite based navigation
system made of a network
of 24 satellites.
The GPS satellite
placed vin orbit by a US
government of Defense.
There are no
subscription fees or setup
charges to use GPS.

9. THE GPS SATELLITE SYSTEM
1. The 24 satellites that make up the GPS space segment
are orbiting the earth about 12,000 miles.
2. These satellites are travelling at speeds of roughly
7,000 miles per hour.
3. Here are some intresting facts about the GPS
satellites:
I. The 1st GPS satellite was launched in 1978.
II. A full constellation of 24 satellites was achieved in
1994 .
III. Each satellite is built to last about to 10 years.
IV.A GPS satellite weighs approximately 2,000 pounds.
V. Transmitter power is only 50 watts or less.

10. ADVANTAGES OF SATELLITE
COMMUNICATIONS
1. The satellite communication is very helpful for the
people staying in remote areas.
2. The satellite communication services are very
helpful for the department of defense , where the
people on the fields cannot use the wired service
every time.
3. The satellite communication provides with the status
of weather.
4. Satellite communication services being so portable
are very easy to install and user friendly as well.

11. DISADVANTAGES OF SATELLITE
COMMUNICATIONS
1.Signal delay
2.Cost
3.Impossibility to repair and
maintain
4.Network problem

12. CONCLUSION

13. REFERENCE
1. www.gilat.com
2. www.gatewayforindia.com
3. www8.garmin.com
4. M.sooperarticles.com
5. wiki.answer.com
6. www.isoc.org