This document provides an overview of microcontrollers and robots. It defines a microcontroller as a miniature computer found in devices with buttons and displays. Microcontrollers are designed to read input, process data, and control output devices like motors and displays. The document uses the BASIC Stamp microcontroller as an example and explains its components. It defines a robot as a machine that senses its environment, thinks to follow instructions, and acts to do work. It provides examples of robots and discusses programming robots and sensors for tasks like distance measurement.

1. Name: Raja Sekar.G
Roll No: 41

2.  A general overview of what robots are, and the
essential components embedded within
 Relevant examples of microcontroller and robot
applications to help the participants understand
contexts and applications of these technologies
 Contextual understanding makes it easier to
relate programming efforts to basic science,
math, or engineering concepts

3.  A microcontroller is a kind of miniature computer
that found in all kinds of gizmos
 Generally speaking, if a device has buttons
and a digital display, chances are it also has
a programmable microcontroller brain.

4. Microcontrollers are 'single chip'
computers specifically designed to:
◦ Read input devices, such as buttons and sensors
◦ Process data or information
◦ Control output devices, such as lights, displays,
motors and speakers

5.  The BASIC Stamp 2 embeds a microcontroller,
the PIC16C57, on a module to make
programming and use very simple, yet very
powerful.
 Additional components on the module provide
everything needed to systems and
applications, like robotics.

6. Serial Signal
Conditioning
Conditions voltage
signals between PC serial
connection (+/- 12V) and
BASIC Stamp (5V) for
5V Regulator
Programming.
Regulates voltage
to 5V with a supply of
EEPROM 5.5VDC to 15VDC
Stores the your
PBASIC program. Resonator
Sets the speed at which
instructions are processed.
Interpreter Chip
Reads the BASIC
program from the
EEPROM and executes
the instructions.

7.  A robot is a machine that gathers information
about its environment (senses) and uses that
information (thinks) to follow instructions to
do work (acts)
◦ The “sensing” part provides input to the robot
through switches, light sensors,
◦ The thinking part is the microcontroller brain
◦ The acting part could be through lights, motors,
actuators, sounds, etc

8.  Robots come in many shapes and sizes
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10.  Robotics requires a basic understanding of electricity
and simple wiring diagrams
 The relationship between current, voltage and resistance
is expressed by what is known as Ohm’s Law, variations
of which are expressed below:
V = IR; I = V/R; R = V/I
R +V
I R
+ -
V

11.  Simple programming to cause Boe-Bot to
perform basic tasks
 Adding input and output circuits
 Making sounds
 Measuring and calculating
◦ Distances
◦ Angles
◦ Speed
◦ Rotation

12.  Acceleration
 Tilt and tilt angle
 Incline
 Rotation
 Vibration
 Collision
 Gravity

13.  Sensing and measurements
 Signal Conditioning
 Data logging
 Graphical analyses
 Feedback continuous control

14.  Parallax Educational Resources
◦ http://www.parallax.com/html_pages/edu/index.asp
 What is a Robot?