In today's world road and transport has become an integral part of every human being. Every body is a road user in one shape or the other. The present transport system has minimized the distances but it has on the other hand increased the life risk. Every year road crashes result in loss of lakhs of lives and serious injuries to crores of people.
In India itself about eighty thousand people are killed in road crashes every year which is 13% of the total fatality all over the world. In most of the cases crashes occurs either due to carelessness or due to lack of road safety awareness of the road user. Hence, road safety education is as essential as any other basic skills of survival.
Roads are an important mode of transport in India. India has a network of over 6,215,797 kms of roads as of 1 December 2021, the 2nd largest road network in the world, after the US. But Driving on Indian roads is like walking on a tight rope. You've got to be really careful with the wheels because of pathetic road conditions that could test the patience of even the most seasoned drivers.
Slide 4 - It comes right after the rainy season when the roads are filled with a unique death trap called potholes. They come in all sizes and forms, from really small ones to ones that can pose a challenge to coal mines when it comes to depth. An interesting fact about potholes is that they’re like icebergs. You only see the surface, it’s almost impossible to gauge their depth until it’s too late. Before you know it, the car is overturned and you’re severely injured or even crushed to death.
One of the reasons for the formation of potholes is continuous, never-ending use of the road by heavy vehicles and lack of maintenance.
Slide 8 - Zoji La Pass - a major link between Ladakh and Kashmir
The blink of an eye could land a vehicle straight down from an altitude of 3,538 meters from the country’s most dreaded roads as it is frightfully narrow and covered in snow sludge round the season.
For instance, there are light, medium and high traffic roads, based on the volume of traffic a road receives. Similarly, you have pedestrian paths, cycle tracks, and motor vehicle roads, classifying roads in terms of the type of traffic a road receives.
In 2018, The national highways comprised 1.94% of the total road network in India. Various state highways constituted 2.97% of the total length of roads. But 30.2 % of total road accidents and 35.7% of all deaths happened in our national highways. State highways were not exactly lagging behind with 25.2% and 26.8% of total accidents and deaths respectively. According to experts, the main causes of road accidents in India are rapid urbanization, poor safety, lack of enforcement, distracted drivers, influence of drugs or alcohol, speeding and a failure to wear seat-belts or helmets.
Overspeeding is the reason for the highest percentage of deaths relating to road accidents. Yet, nobody cares driving a fast car or a bike at fatal speeds.
As we know in India road accidents plays very brutal role everyday, India lost a healthy people everyday because of silly mistakes which will not considerable. If government of India and People conscious about all road safety and improvement in traffic rules and awareness in people about road safety, we will save a valuable life's.
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As we know in India road accidents plays very brutal role everyday, India lost a healthy people everyday because of silly mistakes which will not considerable. If government of India and People conscious about all road safety and improvement in traffic rules and awareness in people about road safety, we will save a valuable life's.
Road Safety for India, tech century sociology education future shift happens technology change shifthappens globalization trends china world shift happens web2.0 presentation design facts know india web did you palo innovation internet alto cool statistics 2.0 stats interesting social population marketing global media best good ....? e.g: information great futuro us eg inspiration did you know misc usa knowledge ppt data info development new culture changing style business paradigm learning presentations 'social of shit ideas computers media' layout general changes tecnologia didyouknow evolution communication strategy cambio flatworld separate tags by comma globalisation awesome zen creative demographics trend excellent the it society wow 21st powerpoint thinking life fisch web 2.0 futurology winner educação shifts content my a brenman mudanças economy numbers jobs stuff next digital amazing career work vision study visual to flat shift_happens teaching pace jeff myspace brand flat world economia in fav mankind statistik exemplo social_media scenario social media examples shock futur shifting graphics branding slideshare slide goodpresentation elearning pedagogy time clean pop singularity image karl curiosidades will idea sociologie tics issues simple is viz fun veranderingen edu concepts. de personal socialmedia america shithappens countries template think predictions best presentation computer management contest web20 humanity transformation presentationzen impacto happen figures pres shift cambio nice conhecimento brilliant mindshift high u generation worldchindiathe competitive sci-fi pov ,
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Road Safety Powerpoint Presentation, Action plan for traffic safety. Road safety statistics, Steps to be taken to prevent road accidents etc.
road accident statistics road accident facts india ppt pps pdf powerpoint road accident video images photos
a brief information about what road safety is, and why it is so important for common people. this presentation is designed for Pakistani people by mr. Mohammad Shahid of Road Safety First.
www.roadsign.pk
www.perlp.org
Each year nearly 1.3 million people die as a result of a road traffic collision—
more than 3000 deaths each day—and more than half of these people are not
travelling in a car. Ninety percent of road traffic deaths occur in low- and middle-income countries,
which claim less than half the world\'s registered vehicle fleet. Road traffic injuries
are among the three leading causes of death for people between 5 and 44 years
of age. Unless immediate and effective action is taken, road traffic injuries are
predicted to become the fifth leading cause of death in the world, resulting in an
estimated 2.4 million deaths each year.
It is related to Road Safety Engineering, I choose a location and did the Accident analysis and the survey for the location and I have suggested some Mitigation measures for the improvement of the area.
Road Conditions of India, Traffic in India, Driver Characteristics, Overloading, Cattle Menace, Triple Driving, Drunken Driving, Text and Drive, Road Fatalities, Primary Causes, Severity, International Comparison of Accident rates, Necessary use of Helmet for 2-wheeler and seat belts for cab drivers, Rash Driving, Prevention of Accidents - Measures, Highway communication and Amenities, Emergency Dial Care, Safety Measures, Slogans
Road Safety Powerpoint Presentation, Action plan for traffic safety. Road safety statistics, Steps to be taken to prevent road accidents etc.
road accident statistics road accident facts india ppt pps pdf powerpoint road accident video images photos
a brief information about what road safety is, and why it is so important for common people. this presentation is designed for Pakistani people by mr. Mohammad Shahid of Road Safety First.
www.roadsign.pk
www.perlp.org
Each year nearly 1.3 million people die as a result of a road traffic collision—
more than 3000 deaths each day—and more than half of these people are not
travelling in a car. Ninety percent of road traffic deaths occur in low- and middle-income countries,
which claim less than half the world\'s registered vehicle fleet. Road traffic injuries
are among the three leading causes of death for people between 5 and 44 years
of age. Unless immediate and effective action is taken, road traffic injuries are
predicted to become the fifth leading cause of death in the world, resulting in an
estimated 2.4 million deaths each year.
It is related to Road Safety Engineering, I choose a location and did the Accident analysis and the survey for the location and I have suggested some Mitigation measures for the improvement of the area.
Road Conditions of India, Traffic in India, Driver Characteristics, Overloading, Cattle Menace, Triple Driving, Drunken Driving, Text and Drive, Road Fatalities, Primary Causes, Severity, International Comparison of Accident rates, Necessary use of Helmet for 2-wheeler and seat belts for cab drivers, Rash Driving, Prevention of Accidents - Measures, Highway communication and Amenities, Emergency Dial Care, Safety Measures, Slogans
Analysis of Traffic Law Violations and Traffic Accidents with their Enforceme...AI Publications
More than about 1.24 million of people killed each year due to road traffic crashes worldwide. Out of these deaths, more than one fifth occur among pedestrians Promoting the level of road traffic law enforcement plays a great role in reducing traffic crashes. For assessing of traffic law enforcement, the registered data of traffic violation for the years 2015-2017 were taken from the Traffic Police Department to describe the activities of traffic police personnel in enforcing traffic laws. The violations were categorized into four groups: -those related to driving, vehicle, parking and others, and Traffic Law Enforcement into safety and other traffic law enforcement activities. The types of vehicles involved in the violations were categorized as cars, small load vehicles, motor-cycles, Bajaj and other. Traffic Police had registered a total of 77 traffic-law violation in the year 2015,65 in the year 2016, and 86 in the year 2017. Driving violation was the highest registered violation in the three years, and it was slightly higher in 2017. The categories of cars and small load vehicles were the highest registered vehicles in number of violations with in the three years. For motorized two wheeler vehicles the highest number of registered violation in the three years were the one that related to driving. Out of all vehicle related and other violations were registered more commonly for cars in 2015 and 2016 respectively. From the registered violations, parking related violation was occurred only in 2017. The safety related traffic law enforcement was 89.96 % of the total traffic law enforcement activity.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Business skills are the abilities and knowledge required to successfully run, manage, and operate a business. These skills include a wide range of areas such as:
1. Financial management
2. Marketing and Sales
3. Leadership and Management
4. Planning Strategically
5. Communication
6. Solution Oriented
7. Time Management
8. Negotiation Skills
9. Project Handling & Management
10. Creativity
Introduction to Disasters, Hazards, Key factors, Types of Disasters, Characteristics of Hazards, Vulnerability, Capacity and Risk.
It also contains Disaster management techniques, Risk mapping, Vulnerability Analysis, Role of NGOs in Disaster Mitigation and Management.
Earthquake and its impacts, Protection against Earthquakes, Earthquake Risk in India and Mitigation Strategy,
Brief Case study of Bhuj Earthquake, 2001
Floods, impact of Flooding, Problem of Floods in India, Flood control and Government policies and Mitigation practices.
Brief Case Study of Uttarakhand Flash Floods, 2013
5 steps to get customer to yes faster.pptxEmaan Sharma
Customer acquisition is how a company turns a potential customer into a new customer. Learn 5 steps for minimizing COCA in your business.
Find out who your target audience is and Identify the different acquisition channels. Create a Plan and action accordingly.
This means meeting your customer needs with the right solution, product, or service, at the right time.
When the conditions are so created that the crop root-zone gets deprived of proper aeration due to the presence of excessive moisture or water content, the tract is said to be Waterlogged.
To create such conditions it is not always necessary that under ground water table should enter the crop root-zone. Sometimes even if water table is below the root-zone depth the capillary water zone may extent in the root-zone depth and makes the air circulation impossible by filling the pores in the soil.
A highway pavement is a structure consisting of superimposed layers of processed materials above the natural soil sub-grade, whose primary function is to distribute the applied vehicle loads to the sub-grade. The pavement structure should be able to provide a surface of acceptable riding quality, adequate skid resistance, favorable light reflecting characteristics, and low noise pollution. The ultimate aim is to ensure that the transmitted stresses due to wheel load are sufficiently reduced, so that they will not exceed bearing capacity of the sub-grade. Two types of pavements are generally recognized as serving this purpose, namely flexible pavements and rigid pavements.
Get an overview of pavement types, layers, and their functions, and pavement failures as Improper design of pavements leads to early failure of pavements affecting the riding quality.
Pavements form the basic supporting structure in highway transportation. Each layer of pavement has a multitude of functions to perform which has to be duly considered during the design process. Different types of pavements can be adopted depending upon the traffic requirements.
ROAD ACCIDENTS - NUMBERS AND PREVENTIVE MEASURES.pptEmaan Sharma
A basic overview of numbers defining road accidents, persons killed or injured on National and State Highways in India.
Talking about the steps taken by the Government to improve Road Safety. Discussing on various safety recommendations.
Measures to Reduce Accidents and focusing on Safety principles.
Critical Study Aspect of Urban Roads - A Push for an Intelligent Traffic SystemEmaan Sharma
Traffic Congestion & its effects, Congestion in Indian Cities, Location of Bottlenecks/ Jamming, Driver Education and Road Safety, Ribbon Development, Bad Road Conditions, Parking Amenities & Policies, Study of typical intersections, Location of Accidents, Spot Speed Study, PCU Count, Safety On Indian Roads
Railway Engineering:
Permanent Way, Rail Gauge, Broad Gauge, Meter Gauge, Narrow Gauge, Choice of Gauge, Uniformity of Gauge, Rails - Double headed, Bull Headed, Flat footed Rails, Sleepers, Ballast, Formation, Types of sleepers, Merits and Demerits, Functions of sleepers, Requirements of good sleepers,Spacing of sleepers, Sleeper Density, Characteristics of good ballast, Capacity of a railway track, Track Fixtures and Fastening, Types of fixtures and fastening, Fish Plates, Dog Spikes, Rail Joints, Creep of Rails, Indication of Creep, Disadvantages of creep in rails, Remedies for prevention of creep, Theory of creep, Coning of Wheels, Theory of coning, Adzing of sleepers, Gradients, Grade compensation on curves, Radius and degree of curves, Super-elevation, Negative cant, Cant Deficiency, Equilibrium speed, Maximum permissible speed, Necessity of geometric design, Track defects, Transition curves, Vertical curves, Points and crossings, Types of crossings, Turnouts, Switches, Interlocking, Signalling, Classification and types of Signals, Semaphore type signal, Detonating signals, Dock signals, Shunting Signals, Warner Signals, Reception & Departure Signals, Railway Station, Purpose of a Railway Station, Site selection for Railway Stations, Track Drainage, Why Need of Proper Drainage.
Airport Engineering:
Basic Terms (AAI, ICAO, IATA), Airport System plan, Master plan, Airport Classification, Site Selection, Imaginary Surfaces, Aircraft Characteristics, Important components of Airport Layout, Runway, Runway Configuration, Runway Orientation, Factors affecting Runway Orientation, Wind Direction Indicator, Wind Rose Diagram - Type I & Type II, Basic Runway Length, Corrections for Elevation, Temperature & Gradient, Actual Runway Length, Runway Geometric (ICAO), Taxiways, Exit Taxiways, Location of Exit Taxiways, Holding Aprons, Hanger, Terminal Building, Aircraft Parking, Airport Marking & Lightning.
Water scarcity is the lack of fresh water resources to meet the standard water demand. There are two type of water scarcity. One is physical. The other is economic water scarcity.
Overview of the fundamental roles in Hydropower generation and the components involved in wider Electrical Engineering.
This paper presents the design and construction of hydroelectric dams from the hydrologist’s survey of the valley before construction, all aspects and involved disciplines, fluid dynamics, structural engineering, generation and mains frequency regulation to the very transmission of power through the network in the United Kingdom.
Author: Robbie Edward Sayers
Collaborators and co editors: Charlie Sims and Connor Healey.
(C) 2024 Robbie E. Sayers
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
ML for identifying fraud using open blockchain data.pptx
Safety on Indian Roads a Big Challenge.ppt
1. SAFETY ON INDIAN ROADS- A BIG
CHALLENGE
India with just 1% of the vehicular population accounts for 13 % of the total Road
Fatalities. With its size, population, diversity, urbanization and motorization; Road
Safety is the biggest emerging challenge.
18. Traffic in India
In Indian road- traffic the problems, like congestion, unpredictable travel-time
delays and road-accidents, are taking a serious shape.
46. Number of vehicles, population and road traffic fatalities in
India
Year Vehicles per million Population Fatalities per million
population
1971 1,865 548,159,652 27.36
1975 2,472 625,246,123 27.03
1981 5,391 683,329,097 41.56
1985 9,170 772,196,737 50.76
1991 21,374 843,930,861 67.07
1992 23,507 861,693,859 69.28
1993 25,505 879,279,448 68.92
1994 27,660 897,223,927 71.33
1995 30,295 915,534,620 77.22
1996 33,558 934,219,000 76.96
1997 37,231 949,200,000 79.01
1998 N.A 965,600,000 82.85
47. ACCIDENTS CLASSIFIED ACCORDING TO PRIMARY
CAUSES OF ACCIDENTS IN INDIA
PRIMARY CAUSE OF ACCIDENTS NUMBER OF
ACCIEDNTS
PERCENTAGE
Fault of driver of motor vehicle 46,951 48.5
Fault of driver of a vehicle other than a motor vehicle 4,478 4.6
Fault of pedestrians 8,877 9.1
Fault of cyclists 3,504 3.6
Fault of passengers 1,381 1.4
Defect in mechanical condition of motor vehicle 3,267 3.4
Defect road surface 1,153 1.2
Bad weather conditions 1,108 1.1
Other causes 22,574 23.2
Causes not known 3,819 3.9
Total 97,112 100.0
48. CAUSES OF ACCIDENTS ATTRIBUTED TO FAULT OF
BUS DRIVER
CAUSE
NO . OF ACCIDENTS
PERCENTAGE
FATAL INJURY NON-INJURY TOTAL
Improper/rash driving 34 56 53 143 40.6
Wrong overtaking 5 23 20 48 13.6
Lack of attention 11 26 25 62 17.6
To close following 0 8 29 37 10.5
Improper turning 2 7 5 14 4.0
Disregarded pedestrian 1 3 0 4 1.1
Did not give a right-of-way to 1 3 3 7 2.0
Incoming vehicle
others 4 19 14 37 10.6
Total 58 145 149 352 100.0
49. PROPORTION OF VEHICLES INVOLVED IN FATAL CRASHES
LOCATION VEHICLE INVOLVED , PER CENT
TRUCK BUS CAR
MUMBAI 52 16 24
DELHI 40 33 16
HIGHWAYS 65 16 15
50. PERCENTAGE SHARE OF FATALITIES ON DIFFERENT
CATEGRIES OF ROADS
ROAD TYPE FATALITIES (%)
NATIONAL HIGHWAYS 25.3
STATE HIGHWAYS 22.2
LOWER CATOGARIES ROADS 52.5
52. INTERNATIONAL COMPARISON OF ACCIDENT RATES
S.NO. NAME OF COUNTRY FATALITIES PER THOUSAND ACCIDENTS
1 JAPAN 18.00
2 U.S.A. 25.00
3 U.K. 24.00
4 AUSTRALIA 125.52
5 FRANCE 50.00
6 INDIA 163.00
7 BRAZIL 229.51
SOURCE : Accident Prevention and Trauma Care Management, NATPAC, Trivandrum, May, 1987
53. MAIN CAUSES OF ACCIDENTS
1) MAGNITUDE OF VEHICLE POPULATION
2) POOR CONDITIONS OF ROADS/ ROAD DEFECTS
3) POOR GEOMETRICS
4) OVERLOADING
5) VEHICULAR DEFICIENCY
6) RIBBON DEVELOPMENT/ ROADSIDE ENCROACHMENTS
7) ROADSIDE CONSTRUCTION
54. MAIN CAUSES OF ACCIDENTS
8) BAD WEATHER CONDITIONS
9) POOR DRAINAGE SYSTEMS
10) PRESENCE OF NON-MOTORISED TRANSPORT i.e. CYCLES, RICKSHAW, HAND CARTS, ANIMAL DRAWN CARTS
AND TONGA’S
11) IMPROPER PARKING ON ROAD SIDES
12) MISSING BARRICADES ON DANGEROUS LOCATIONS
13) IMPROPER MAINTENANCE
• DIRTY SIGN BOARDS WHICH ARE NOT MAINTENED, THUS NOT READABLE
• CULVERTS NOT COVERED ON CITY ROADS
• IMPROPER LIGHTING FACILITY ON HIGHWAYS AND EXPRESSWAYS
55. MAIN CAUSES OF ACCIDENTS
14) UNPREDICTABLE HUMAN BEHAVIOUR
• DRUNKEN DRIVING
• OVER SPEEDING/ RASH DRIVING
• VIOLATION OF TRAFFIC RULES
• JUMPING OF TRAFFIC SIGNALS
• DRIVER – KEY PERSON FOR ACCIDENTS
• LACK OF ATTENTION
• TEXTING AND DRIVING
• IGNORING SAFETY – NOT WEARING
HELMETS, SAFETY BELTS
• OVERSIZED VEHICLES – DRIVING BIG
TRUCKS CALLED TROLLAS IN PUNJAB
• DRIVING ON WRONG SIDE
78. Conclusion:
In today's world road and transport has become an integral partof every human being. Every body is a road user in
one shape or the other. The present transport system has minimized the distances but it has on the other hand
increased the life risk. Every year road crashes result in loss of lakhs of lives and serious injuries to crores of people.
In India itself about eighty thousand people are killed in road crashes every year which is thirteen percent of
the total fatality all over the world. Man behind the wheel plays an important role in most of the crashes. In most
of the cases crashes occurs either due to carelessness or due to lack of road safety awareness of the road user.
Hence, road safety education is as essential as any other basic skills of survival.
79. Where is the Problem?
Whether the standards themselves are adequate to take care of
safety ?
Or
Whether the Standards need to be improved ?
80. How can the problem be solved?
1) Comprehensive review of the design standards
2) Incorporating new/improved standards
81. Road map for solving the problems
Capacity building in areas such as –
• Safety Audit (Training and accreditation of auditors)
• Design and Operation (Training of Engineers and Police)
• Creating Centres of Excellence and training
Interdisciplinary coordination and data sharing among Road/ Transport Authorities, Police, Trauma care Centres
• Accident data and analysis for improving design
• Traffic Management/ Incident management for safe operation
Ownership of road Safety
• Creating National Road Safety and Traffic Management board
82. Action Plan
• Replace worn out/ missing road signs and markings for the entire network (even before safety
audit)
• Conduct Safety Audit of entire network
• Implement Safety Auditor’s recommendations
• Concurrently, request IRC to review all standards with safety focus and bring out changes or new
standards
• Create Centres of Excellence
• Create National Road Safety and Traffic Management Board with jurisdiction over all agencies
responsible for safety.