road safety- issues and management

1. Road accident management
By
Ms. Anju
MSc. (N) final yr.

2. Disaster??
?
Natural or
manmade

3. Manmade disasters are basically of
following types –
1. Sociological such as wars, terrorism
2. Technological such as industrial accidents,
radiations and electricity outage
3. Transportation hazards including roads, rails,
air and water transportation

4. Traffic collision or the motor
vehicle accident-
A traffic collision, also known as a traffic accident,
motor vehicle collision, motor vehicle
accident, automobile accident, Road Motor
vehicle collision (RTC) occurs when a vehicle
collides with another
vehicle, pedestrian, animal, road debris, or other
stationary obstruction, such as a tree or utility
pole. Motor vehicle collisions may result in
injury, death and property damage

5. Cost of Road Accidents
1. medical costs
2. other costs related to administrative,
legal and police expenditure
3. damage to property and motor vehicle
4. loss due to income foregone arising
out of absence from work or
impairment/disability or untimely
death.

6. Burden of problem

7. • in 2004 that 1.2 million people were killed (2.2%
of all deaths) and 50 million more were injured
in motor vehicle collisions.
• the total number of road traffic injuries and
deaths worldwide would rise by 65% between
2000-2020 whereas in low-income and middle
income countries, deaths are expected to
increase by as much as 80%. WHO report

8. • India suffers from the highest number of
deaths - around 1,05,000 in absolute terms
annually- due to road accidents
• The mortality rate in India is 8.7 per hundred
thousand population
▫ A study by the Planning Commission
in 2002 estimated the social cost of
road accidents in India is Rs.55, 000
crore annually which constitutes
about 3% of the GDP.

9. • leading cause of injury and death among
children worldwide 10 – 19 years old (260,000
children die a year, 10 million are injured)
• WHO forecasts that by the year 2020 road
crashes would move up to third place in the
leading cause of death and disability i.e. global
burden of disease

10. Classification of motor vehicle
collisions
1. A head-on collision
2. A rollover
3. Side collisions
4. A rear-end collision
5. A run-off-road collision

11. Vulnerable group for road accidents

12. Causes-A. human
factor

13. B. Road design & environment
• Causes 34% of serious crashes
• Poor design and maintenance, with
poorly-designed intersections, road
surfaces, visibility and traffic control
devices, can result in significant increase
in accident rates.

14. C. Vehicle design and maintenance
Not using seat belts
Higher center of gravity
Poorly maintained vehicle
Motorcycles & bicycle

15. Road Traffic Safety
• The World Health Organization also
declared the year 2004 as the Year
of Road Safety and launched World
Health Day in April 2004 with the
slogan – “Road safety is no
accident”.
• WHO announced the year 2011 to
2020 as road safety decade to
control the increasing no. of road
accidents

16. Meaning of the term road
safety-
The term road safety is an
indication of how safe individual
users are on some
particular road, or on the roads
belonging to some region. The
main danger to road users is the
likelihood of a road accident or
motor vehicle accident

17. multi-sectoral government and civil society stakeholders-
1. Authorities like Ministry of Shipping, Road
Transport and Highways ,NHAI, PWDs in the
states and local bodies are responsible for construction
and maintenance of roads;
2. State Transport Authorities are responsible for issue
of driving licenses, registration of vehicles and fitness
of vehicles;
3. Police is responsible for regulating traffic, enforcing
laws and educating the public on road safety issues;

18. 4. Urban development authorities
deal with land use and urban
road planning;
5. Health departments
6. Insurance companies

19. Road Traffic Accidents, Prevention
and Control-4E

20. Road Safety Planning by the Government of
India
1. Road Engineering

21. 2. Enforcement-
(i) Provision of Road
Safety
Equipments:such as
speed detection radar,
breath analyzer

22. b.)Amendment in the Motor Vehicle Act
1988
to enhance penalties for various traffic offences
such as rash and negligent driving, drunken
driving, driving at excessive speed, driving
without license, use of mobile phone while
driving, etc

23. 3. Educational & Training:
a. Refresher Training for Heavy
Vehicle Drivers
b. Model Driving Training Schools

24. 4. Faster relief and evacuation of
road accident victims
a. National Highway Accident Relief
Service Scheme (NHARSS)
b. Medical Care by Trauma Care Centre
Network at highways

25. 5. Road safety audit
6. Funds for Road Safety related activities

26. Role of health worker in road
safety

27. Recent activities in India
• Pappu Zebra & The Art of
LIVING safely
• Road Users Safety through
Emergency Management
(RUSEM), EMRI,Hydrabad
• Road Shows at various Junctions
on Safety driving.

28. • Camps Road Safety Awareness for Auto
Rickshaw, Taxi, Truck & other vehicle drivers.
• Placards & Banners on Road Safety have been
installed at various important junctions
• Special Drives for Drunken Driving, Over
Speeds, Lane Cutting.
• Slides showing Road Safety messages have
been distributed in various multiplexes &
Cinema Halls.

29. How to make ROAD ACCIDENT
management plan
• Name of the authority----------
• NAME OF OTHER COMMITEE MEMBERS---------
• Total population coverage in plan---------
• Directory of resource person--------
• Objective of planning---------
• Financial authority--------------
• Other Resource facilities--------------
• Alert phase activities
• Pre accident planning phase activities----
• Impact phase activities…………..

30. • Post impact phase activities----------------
• Collaboration with nongovernmental health
agencies----------
• Involvement of other sectors in all above
phases ------------
• Declaration by managing authority-------
• last Review of plan--------------------
• Evaluation by all related agencies-----
• Communication of plan------------
• International agency if involved-------------
Signature of developing
authority chairperson/
Nodal person

31. Guidelines for public for road safety

32. • Wear or carry something light colored, bright or
fluorescent in poor daylight conditions. When it is
dark, use reflective materials (e.g. armbands,
waistcoats and jackets), which can be seen, by
drivers, up to three times as far away as non-
reflective materials.
• Young children should not be out alone on the
pavement or road
• Always walk on the footpath.
• Cross roads where there are pedestrian crossings.
• Where there are no pedestrian crossings, watch
the traffic on both sides and cross when it is safe.

33. • Do not read newspapers or look at hoardings
while walking on the road.
• Do not greet friends on the road. Take them to
the footpath or the side margin.
• You MUST NOT get on to or hold on to a moving
vehicle.
• Don't "Drink and Walk." If you've been drinking,
take a cab or a bus, or let someone sober drive
you home.

34. • When using any type of crossing you should
always check that the traffic has stopped before
you start to cross. Always cross between the
studs or over the zebra markings
• Teachers and parents should impart essential
knowledge about roads and traffic to school
children, by:
▫ Making them familiar with the rules of road and
their importance.
▫ By explaining them the causes of accidents
involving pedestrians, cyclists and children.
▫ Telling them about the cause and extent of
pollution due to traffic.

35. • While driving always carry your driving license
and important documents such as your vehicle
registration certificate, insurance certificate etc.
• Never Drink while driving
• Follow the traffic signals, lights and signs
• Avoid using the cell phone when driving. If
urgent move to left, stop and then take the call
• Do not ride at high speeds. You may lose control
and your life in the bargain
• Always use a helmet while on a two wheeler
• Wear seat belts while driving car