Road Conditions of India, Traffic in India, Driver Characteristics, Overloading, Cattle Menace, Triple Driving, Drunken Driving, Text and Drive, Road Fatalities, Primary Causes, Severity, International Comparison of Accident rates, Necessary use of Helmet for 2-wheeler and seat belts for cab drivers, Rash Driving, Prevention of Accidents - Measures, Highway communication and Amenities, Emergency Dial Care, Safety Measures, Slogans

1. ROAD CONDITIONS OFROAD CONDITIONS OF
INDIAINDIA

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22. Traffic in IndiaTraffic in India
In Indian road- traffic the problems, like congestion,
unpredictable travel-time delays and road-accidents,
are taking a serious shape.

29. Children jostling for space in school vans and auto-
rickshaws is a common sight these days

34. At least 98 two-wheeler riders without helmets
died daily in 2017

37. Two-wheeler riders account for 35 per cent of
road deaths

54. ACCIDENTSACCIDENTS

74. ACCIDENTS CLASSIFIED ACCORDING TO PRIMARY
CAUSES OF ACCIDENTS IN INDIA
PRIMARY CAUSE OF ACCIDENTS NUMBER OF
ACCIEDNTS
PERCENTAGE
Fault of driver of motor vehicle 46,951 48.5
Fault of driver of a vehicle other than a motor vehicle 4,478 4.6
Fault of pedestrians 8,877 9.1
Fault of cyclists 3,504 3.6
Fault of passengers 1,381 1.4
Defect in mechanical condition of motor vehicle 3,267 3.4
Defect road surface 1,153 1.2
Bad weather conditions 1,108 1.1
Other causes 22,574 23.2
Causes not known 3,819 3.9
Total 97,112 100.0

75. CAUSES OF ACCIDENTS ATTRIBUTED TO FAULT OF
BUS DRIVER
CAUSE
NO . OF ACCIDENTS
PERCENTAGEFATAL INJURY NON-INJURY TOTAL
Improper/rash driving 34 56 53 143 40.6
Wrong overtaking 5 23 20 48 13.6
Lack of attention 11 26 25 62 17.6
To close following 0 8 29 37 10.5
Improper turning 2 7 5 14 4.0
Disregarded pedestrian 1 3 0 4 1.1
Did not give a right-of-way to 1 3 3 7 2.0
Incoming vehicle
others 4 19 14 37 10.6
Total 58 145 149 352 100.0

76. PROPORTION OF VEHICLES INVOLVED IN FATAL
CRASHES
LOCATION VEHICLE INVOLVED , PER CENT
TRUCK BUS CAR
MUMBAI 52 16 24
DELHI 40 33 16
HIGHWAYS 65 16 15

77. PERCENTAGE SHARE OF FATALITIES ON DIFFERENT
CATEGRIES OF ROADS
ROAD TYPE FATALITIES (%)
NATIONAL HIGHWAYS 25.3
STATE HIGHWAYS 22.2
LOWER CATOGARIES
ROADS
52.5

78. CASES OF ACCIDENT SEVERITY

79. INTERNATIONAL COMPARISON OF ACCIDENT RATES
S.NO. NAME OF COUNTRY FATALITIES PER THOUSAND
ACCIDENTS
1 JAPAN 18.00
2 U.S.A. 25.00
3 U.K. 24.00
4 AUSTRALIA 125.52
5 FRANCE 50.00
6 INDIA 163.00
7 BRAZIL 229.51
SOURCE : Accident Prevention and Trauma Care Management, NATPAC, Trivandrum, May, 1987

80. MAIN CAUSES OF ACCIDENTSMAIN CAUSES OF ACCIDENTS
1) MAGNITUDE OF VEHICLE POPULATION
2) POOR CONDITIONS OF ROADS
3) POOR GEOMETRICS
4) OVERLOADING
5) VEHICULAR DEFICIENCY
6) UNPREDICTABLE HUMAN BEHAVIOUR

81. DRIVER – KEY PERSON FOR ACCIDENTS
DRUNKEN DRIVING
OVER SPEEDING
VIOLATION OF TRAFFIC RULES
IGNORING OF SIGNALS

82.  BAD WEATHER
 PRESENCE OF NON-MOTORISED TRANSPORT i.e.
 CYCLES
 RICKSHAW
 HAND CARTS
 ANIMAL DRAWN CARTS AND TONGA’S

83. Road Safety lapses in India Non-Maintenance of sign board (instead Sangrur road,
direction shows the road going to Badungar, cremation ground)
 Sign boards dirty, not maintained, not seen properly
 Barricades not installed at dangerous points
 Some examples :-
1) Culverts not covered where 6 laning going on near Gobindgarh
2) Fatal accidents took place during night
3) New construction going on Sangrur road more than 3feet difference
in level between the existing and new construction,due precautions
missing.

84. 4) Number of accidents taking place on Sangrur and Sirhind road.
5) Road users may not use the helmet.
6) Use of mobile – cause of many accidents (e.g. A person using mobile
crossing the road gets crushed )
7) Insufficient safety boards missing.
8) Shoulders excavated for installation of pole, sign board, Etc. left loosed
become cause of accident.
9) Deficiency in road geometrics/ poor visibility at night
/overloading of vehicles/ Fatigue of drivers

85. 10) Haphazard crossing of roads by pedestrians and cattle on a busy
highway
11) Rash and negligent driving.
12) The rubbish from road side drains is dumped between the carriage way and the
drains resulting in flooding on pavement during rains.
13) Often the trenches cut in the carriage way by telephone, electric and
water supply agencies are not fully refilled back and compacted.
14) Basic laws for road safety exists in India, their enforcement is
extremely weak
15) Highway patrolling by police is very limited.

86. Maintenance
 Electronic devices installed to indicate.
 a) Go Slow
 -construction going on ahead.
 -Accident taken place.
 -Reduced speed zone, school zone
ahead.
 -Developed area approaching.
 -Curve Ahead.
 -Roads Merging, Be Careful
 b) Normal speed.
 -Developed area over, go on normal
speed
 Working at night.
 Alternate route planned in
advance.
 Diversion Signs prominently
installed.

87. Miscellaneous
• Take care of pedestrians
• Public responsible and disciplined, respects the
signs and regulations
• Separate lanes for 100% occupancy
• Navigators installed in vehicles
• Exit points defined
• Cannot turn as and when you like

88. Buses
• Provision of Raising and Lowering of entry
steps
• No Conductor in the bus
• All operations controlled by the driver i.e.
 opening of door
 Raising and Lowering of entry step
 Closing of doors

89. Road Accidents inRoad Accidents in
IndiaIndia
Issues & DimensionsIssues & Dimensions

90. Number of Accidents, Persons Killed & Injured as per
Road Classification in 2011
NATIONAL
HIGHWAYS
No. of Accidents 149,732
No. of Persons Killed 52,924
No. of Persons Injured
156,008
STATE HIGHWAYS
No. of Accidents 122,239
No. of Persons Killed
39,033
No. of Persons Injured
133,435

91. Road Accidents
• Accidents 4.97 lakh (annual) (1 every
minute)
• Deaths 1,42,485 (one death every 3.7
minutes)
• Estimated to be 5th leading cause of death by
2030 world wide.

92. • National Road Safety Policy approved.
• National Road Safety Council constituted. – All States/UTs requested to
set up State Road Safety Councils and District Road Safety Committees.
• Adoption of a multi pronged strategy to address the issue of road safety
based on 4 Es of Road Safety
Steps taken by Government to improve road
safety

93. HIGHWAY COMMUNICATION & AMENITIES
 Traffic signals , Signs , Overhead traffic signs , Variable message signs
 Traffic impact attenuators
 Channelizing devices
 Accident management , Trauma care , Accident relief
 Emergency telephone booths
 Roadside amenities , Rest places , Vehicles parking , Bus shelters , Lay byes
 Highway patrolling , Surveillance , Close circuit T.V
 Intelligent transport system (ITS)

94. TRAFFIC MONITORING & TOLL MANAGEMENT
• Speed control and measuring devices
• Traffic data collection devices
• Weigh in motion equipment
• Axle load measuring devices
• Toll plazas
• Toll collection system and equipment
• Case studies

95. Measures To Reduce Accidents
(i) Education
(ii) Enforcement
(iii) Engineering (roads as well as vehicles)

96. Emergency care
dial 108

97. SLOGANS

112. Thanks for Watching
A presentation by Emaan Sharma