This document summarizes a student thesis project analyzing road accident data on the Dhaka-Chittagong Highway in Bangladesh. The objectives were to study accident characteristics, identify main causes, and provide recommendations. Key findings included that 24% of total accidents occurred on this route. Common causes identified were reckless driving, speeding, breaking traffic laws, and defective infrastructure. Recommendations to reduce accidents included improving signage, lighting, road reconstruction, and public awareness campaigns.

1. Road Accident Data Analysis of Dhaka-
Chittagong Highway N1
CE 400: Project & Thesis
STUDENT ID NAME
183-47-864 Faria Tabassum
192-47-1061 Md Shariful Islam
183-47-175 Arafine Chowdhury
192-47-248 Md Mahabbat Ullah
Supervised by
Kazi Obaidur Rahman
Assistant Professor
Department of Civil Engineering
Daffodil International University

2. Introduction
The rate of traffic accidents is increasing day by day from the last few decades in our country. According to Nirapad
Sarak Chai 4,289 people died in 3,793 traffic accidents in 2021.
Some of the common reasons behind the increasing number of traffic accidents include: Reckless driving, over
speeding, forced overtaking, breaking traffic laws, illegal and dangerous competition, long-term driving without a
break, constant use of drugs and alcohol, incompetency of the driver, hazardous roads, careless bike riding, an
ineffective traffic management system, and a lack of public awareness.
The students stopped traffic outside the national parliament and Dhaka’s central business district. Similar street
protests prompted by the deaths of two students in a bus accident in 2018, turned into a national movement that shut
down traffic for a week across the country, sparked a government response. As citizens of Bangladesh, we also have
a responsibility to ensure road safety. Public transport users should protest and demand that bus and taxi drivers stop
speeding and reckless driving. Drivers of employed vehicles shall hold a valid license and be properly trained and
must drive safely. Community leaders can also increase road safety awareness by providing road safety education to
pedestrians, especially children in the community. It can also be incorporated into children's lessons.
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3. Objective
 To study the characteristics of road accidents which are occurring on Dhaka-Chittagong Highway. Considering
various variables such as total yearly accidents and vehicle accidents, accidents on junctions, accidents in traffic
controlled area, accidents for various types of collision, accidents for weather conditions, accidents on various
surface conditions, etc.
 To identify main causes of road accidents. We found some common causes such as violation of traffic rules and
signals, defected vehicles, slippery and uneven roads, defected geometric designs of highways, lack of foot over
bridges, use of alcohol and drugs while driving, driving in the wrong direction, low road capacity, distracted
driving and so on.
 To help people, we gave some recommendations and precautions as well.
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4. Collision Types
A road traffic accident is defined as an accident involving at least one vehicle on a road open to traffic in which at
least one person is injured or killed. Road accidents may result in injury, death, and economical damage.
 Single car accident
 Multiple vehicle collision
 Vehicle rollover
 Rear end collision
 Side impact collision
 Sideswipe collision
 Head-on collision
 Hit and Run
 Right angle collision
 Hit parked vehicle
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5.  Single car accident: This is a type of road accident in which only one vehicle is involved.
 Multiple vehicle collision: This involves three or more vehicles from a single event.
 Vehicle rollover: A vehicle rollover occurs when a vehicle flips over its roof and usually happens when a vehicle
makes a high speed sharp turn.
 Rear end collision: A rear-end collision happens when one vehicle runs into the vehicle in front of it.
Side impact collision: Side impact collisions occur when the side of a vehicle is hit front of another vehicle.
 Sideswipe collision: A sideswipe accident occurs when two vehicles driving next to each other in the same
direction make contact resulting in a clash between the two vehicles.
 Head-on collision: This is a type of accident when the front ends of two vehicles hit each other in opposite
directions.
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6.  Hit and Run: Hit-and-run is the act of causing a road accident and not stopping afterwards. It hits
another object, person, animal, car or any other vehicle but doesn’t stop.
 Right angle collision: Right angle collision happens at intersections of the vehicles when vehicles
arrive perpendicular on the roads.
 Hit parked vehicle: If a car is parked in a place and if it is hit by another car or vehicle and getting
damaged it is also considered as an accident.
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7. Types of causes of Road Accidents
 Humans made errors.
 Inadequate road infrastructure.
 Traffic law violations and a lack of social awareness.
Humans made mistakes: Carrying excess load on vehicles
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8. Poor Road Infrastructure: Pothole on road
Violation of Traffic Law
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9. STUDY AREA
 We chose Dhaka-Chittagong Highway N1 because it has been discovered that 24% of total accidents occur on
this route. So, in this study, we will examine the data underlying the accidents.
 The Dhaka-Chittagong Highway is a 194-kilometer-long transportation corridor in our country that connects the
country & 39;s two urban communities, Dhaka and Chittagong.
Dhaka-Chittagong Highway
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10. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS
Total Yearly Accidents Chart of Dhaka-Chittagong Highway
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11. 11
Accidents on Junctions of Dhaka-Chittagong Highway

12. 12
Accidents on Traffic Controlled Area of Dhaka-Chittagong Highway

13. 13
Accidents for Various Types of Collision on Dhaka-Chittagong Highway

14. 14
Accidents for Weather Condition of Dhaka-Chittagong Highway

15. 15
Accidents on various Surface Condition of Dhaka-Chittagong Highway

16. Improvement Measures
1: Visual direction to the driver:
(I): Variables connected to road and highway components that directly impact vehicle driving, such as traffic signs,
changes in road direction, three-legged intersections, and other considerations.
(II): Road contrast should be achieved by the placement of items that differ from their surroundings in terms of
color and pattern, such as shoulder strips, grass-covered shoulders, edge markers, and so on.
2: Road & Highway reconstruction:
Accident sites must be adequately identified so that rebuilding may be planned accordingly. Construction of a new
road adjacent to an existing road, renewal of pavement without affecting the horizontal alignment or kind of road,
rebuilding of a specific segment of road, and so on are examples of reconstruction procedures.
3: Channelization of road:
(I): The junction arrangement should be visible and understood to cars and passengers.
(II): To ensure excellence in cars utilizing higher-class roads.
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17. 4: Proper road signs:
Road signs are an important aspect of road safety since they assure the driver's safety as well as the safety of other
cars and pedestrians on the road as regulatory signs. The driver must be able to read and interpret the sign from a
safe distance in order to respond in time. It is required that they be the proper form, color, size, and placement.
1: Roadside street lighting: Adequate street lighting improves safety at night owing to limited vision. The
installation of adequate illumination improves pedestrian visibility.
2. Improvement in skid resistance: Creating high-friction overlay, carving grooves into the pavement, and other
methods are some techniques to make a road more skid resistant.
Limitations of our Thesis
To simply record the complete data base to MS Excel, a program was required. The additional signs that were
overlooked in this analysis due to irregularity and difficulty in the segment headers may have been included at that
moment.
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18. Possibilities of our Thesis
 Thanks to our analysis, it will be simple to determine which areas of the Dhaka-Chittagong Highway require
repair the most.
 Future theses regarding Bangladesh's roads and highways should employ thesis policy.
 It is hoped that the road transport authority of Bangladesh would benefit much from this thesis.
Conclusions
This chapter provides information on how to analyze traffic accidents with the goal of reducing them through the
development of suitable safety measures. In this study, the state of road accidents in Bangladesh was discussed,
along with a number of different contributing variables, their effects, and some suggested solutions.
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19. References
• Accident Research Institute (ARI), Bangladesh University of Engineering and technology (BUET).
• “Data Mining Applications in Transportation Engineering.” Barai, S. K., Dept. of Civil
Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, 2003.
• “Integrating real-time traffic data in road safety analysis,” Christoforou, Z., Cohen, S., and Karlaftis, M.G. in 2012
Proceedings of Social and Behavioral Science, Vol. 48, 2012, pp. 2454–2463.
• “Application of data mining in road traffic accident analysis” By Md. Asif Raihan, Department of Civil
Engineering, Buet,2013.
• “Application of data mining technology to support RTA severity analysis at Addis Ababa traffic office.” Beshah,
T. Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, 2005.
•Fayyad, U. M., Piatetsky-Shapiro, G., Smyth, P., and Uthurusamy, R. (1996) Advances in Knowledge Discovery
and Data Mining. AAAI Press/The MIT Press, Cambridge, MA.
• “A crash-prediction model for multilane roads,” Accident Analysis and Prevention, Vol. 39(4), pp. 657–670, 2007.
By Caliendo, C., Guida, M., and Parisi, A.
• “Improving Highway Safety in Bangladesh: Road Improvement and The Potential Application of iRAP,” by
Hoque, M. M., Smith, G., Hossain, D. Z., and Mahmud, S. M. S., in 2010 Electronic (CD) Proceedings of 24th
ARRB Conference: Building on 50 years of road and transport research, Oct. 2010, pp. 18 (p. 161 of abstract book).
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