Roses are woody perennial flowering plants known for their large and showy flowers, and they serve as the national flower for several countries. Mainly native to Asia, roses have various ecological and cultivation requirements and are significant in agriculture for ornamental use, cut flowers, and various products. They are also proposed as a potential minor export crop in Sri Lanka.

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2. • A rose is a woody perennial flowering plant
• They form a group of plants that can be erect shrubs,
climbing, or trailing, with stems that are often armed
with sharp prickles.
• Flowers vary in size and shape and are usually large
and showy
• The Rose is the national flower of the United States,
the United Kingdom and the Maldives.
INTRODUCTION
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3. SCIENTIFIC CLASSIFICATION
Kingdom: Plantae
Division Tracheophytes
Class Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Order: Rosales
Family: Rosaceae
Subfamily: Rosoideae
Tribe: Roseae
Genus: Rosa
Species canina
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4. ORIGIN
• Most Rose species are native to Asia
• smaller numbers native to Europe, North
America, and northwestern Africa
• grown in temperate countries
• Kenya is by far the most important rose
growing country
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5. BOTANY OF ROSES
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7. leaves
• The leaves are borne alternately on the stem.
• the leaflets usually have a serrated margin,
and often a few small prickles on the underside
of the stem.
• Most roses are deciduous but a few
are evergreen or nearly so.
Rose leaves
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8. THE FLOWER
• The flowers of most species have five petals,
with the exception of Rosa sericea
• Each petal is divided into two distinct lobes
and is usually white or pink, though in a few
species yellow or red.
• Beneath the petals are five sepals (or in the
case of some Rosa sericea, four).
• Roses are insect-pollinated in nature.
Rose flowers 8

9. THE FRUIT
• The aggregate fruit of the rose is a berry-like
structure called a rose hip.
• Many of the domestic cultivars do not produce
hips
• The hips of most species are red, but a few
(e.g. Rosa pimpinellifolia) have dark purple to
black hips.
• contains 5–160 seeds
• Rose hips of some species, especially the dog
rose (Rosa canina) and rugosa rose (Rosa
rugosa), are very rich in vitamin C
Rose hip
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10. THE STEM
• The sharp growths along a rose stem, though
commonly called "thorns", are
technically prickles, outgrowths of
the epidermis (the outer layer of tissue of the
stem), unlike true thorns, which are modified
stems.
Rose Stem
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11. ROSE SPICES
• Banksianae – white and yellow flowered roses
from China.
• Bracteatae – three species, two from China and one
from India.
• Caninae – pink and white flowered species
from Asia, Europe and North Africa.
• Carolinae – white, pink, and bright pink flowered
species all from North America.
• Chinensis – white, pink, yellow, red and mixed-color
roses from China and Burma.
• Gallicanae – pink to crimson and striped flowered
roses from western Asia and Europe.
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12. Banksianae Bracteatae Caninae
Carolinae Chinensis
Gallicanae
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13. Ecological requirement
LAND
• Choose a well-aerated
• minimum of 6 hours of sunshine each day
SOIL
• The ideal soil is deep and rich in organic
material, with slightly more clay than sand.
• Balanced pH of about 6.5-7 promotes
assimilation of minerals.
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14. PROPAGATION METHOD
• The propagation of roses can be performed by
different ways : -
-By plant division and layering (for hardwood
species).
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15. - By grafting and propagation by cuttings
- By seeding (as for all species giving grains).
-"in vitro" propagation : a very short time , 1 to
2 months instead of 12 to 18 months with
upper methods.
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16. ECONOMICALLY IMPORTANT
PARTS OF CROP
• Flowers are the most important part of the rose
palnt.
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17. USES
• Ornamental plants
ex: Rosa glauca Rosa rubiginosa
Rosa sericea
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18. • Cut flowers
ex: Hybrid Tea, Floribunda, Grandiflora,
Polyantha.
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19. • Perfume
Ex: Rose oil Rose water
• Food and drink
Ex: jam, jelly, marmalad
• Medicine
• Art and symbolism
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20. Major
pest and
diseases
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21. HARVESTABLE MATURITY
• Roses are harvested at different levels of maturity,
depending on marketing and cultivar.
• For long-distance transport or storage, roses
should usually be harvested with some of the
sepals reflexed.
• Fast-opening roses, like some yellows and
whites, should be harvested just before the
sepals start to separate from the bud
• The cut is normally made so as to leave 2 five-
foliate leaves below the cut. When stem length is
an important consideration
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22. POST HARVEST TECNOLOGY
• Grading and Bunching
• Ethylene Sensitivity
Some cultivars are ethylene sensitive & Treat with
1-MCP or STS
• Storage Conditions
Roses should be stored, dry, at 0-1°C.
• Packing
Rose bunches are routinely sleeved in plastic,
waxed paper, or soft corrugated card sleeves
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23. SUMMERY
• Among the all flowers Roses (Rosa) are the
most famous cut flower all over the world.
• Not only the flowers but also the fruit of crop
is important.
• In Sri Lanka it is not much popular for mass
cultivars.
• Rose is one of crop that we can develop as
minor export crop in Sri Lanka considering the
available facilities.
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24. REFERENCES
• Harvesting and Handling Cut Flowers - UMass
Extension
https://ag.umass.edu/greenhouse-floriculture/fact-
sheets/harvesting-handling-cut-flowers
•
Roses, Spray Rose, Sweetheart Rose - UC Davis
Postharvest ...postharvest.ucdavis.edu ›
Datastores › Ornamentals_English
http://postharvest.ucdavis.edu/Commodity_Resour
ces/Fact_Sheets/Datastores/Ornamentals_English/
?uid=29&ds=801
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