This document describes the taxonomy and characteristics of roses. It outlines the kingdom, subkingdom, division, class, subclass, order, family, subfamily, genus and species of roses. It then describes key physical attributes of roses, such as their erect, climbing or trailing growth form. It has prickles and alternate, pinnately compound leaves. The document further divides the genus Rosa into four subgenera and 11 sections based on geographic origins and flower colors. It provides some additional facts about cultivated roses originating in Persia and their cultivation in other countries like Netherlands and Ecuador.

4. Kingdom: Plantae
Subkingdom: Tracheobionta
Division: Magnoliophyta
Class: Magnoliopsida
Subclass: Caryophyllidae
Order: Rosales
Family: Rosaceae
Subfamily: Rosoideae
Genus: Rosa
Species: Gallica

7. Roses are erect, climbing, or trailing shrubs whose
stems are usually copiously armed with prickles of
various shapes and sizes that are called thorns. The
plant’s leaves are alternate and pinnately
compound (i.e., feather-formed). The rather oval
leaflets are sharply toothed. The rose plant’s fleshy,
sometimes edible, berrylike “fruit” (actually the
floral cup) is known as a hip.

8. The genus Rosa is subdivided into four subgenera:
•Hulthemia (formerly Simplicifoliae, meaning "with
single leaves") containing one or two species from
southwest Asia, R. persica and Rosa berberifolia
which are the only roses without compound leaves or
stipules.
•Hesperrhodos (from the Greek for "western rose")
contains Rosa minutifolia and Rosa stellata, from
North America.
•Platyrhodon (from the Greek for "flaky rose",
referring to flaky bark) with one species from east
Asia, Rosa roxburghii.
•Rosa (the type subgenus) containing all the other
roses.

9. •Rosa, the type subgenus is subdivided into 11 sections.
Banksianae - white and yellow flowered roses from China.
Bracteatae - three species, two from China and one from India.
Caninae - pink and white flowered species from Asia, Europe and
North Africa.
Carolinae - white, pink, and bright pink flowered species all from
North America.
Chinensis - white, pink, yellow, red and mixed-color roses from
China and Burma.
Gallicanae - pink to crimson and striped flowered roses from
western Asia and Europe.
Gymnocarpae - one species in western North America (Rosa
gymnocarpa), others in east Asia.
Laevigatae - a single white flowered species from China
Pimpinellifoliae - white, pink, bright yellow, mauve and striped
roses from Asia and Europe.
Rosa (syn. sect. Cinnamomeae) - white, pink, lilac, mulberry and
red roses from everywhere but North Africa.
Synstylae - white, pink, and crimson flowered roses from all areas.

10. Roses Facts 1: Cultivated
Rose
There are many countries in the
world developing the cultivated
roses. Actually the first roses
were born on Caspian. They
were cultivated in the Northern
of Persia or Gulf of Persia. Let’s
see the flower facts to know
many kinds of flowers in the
world.

13. Roses Facts 9: Black Roses
In facts, there are no black roses is the
world. The black roses actually are deep
red colored roses which look dark and
gloomy.
Roses Facts 10: Roses in Ecuador
Besides Netherlands, this flower is
cultivated on Ecuador. More than 54
percent of the land in Ecuador is filled
with roses. More than 80 percent of land
in Zambia is also dominated with rose
cultivation.