CIC Agri business.pptx
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Chemical Industries (Colombo) Limited was incorporated in 1964 as a supplier of high-quality chemical products for the local market. CIC acquired the Pelwehera Farm in the year 2000 under the prevailing government’s privatization programme.
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Cic agribusinesses
This document summarizes the industrial training completed by M.M.B.S.Silva at CIC Seed Farm in Pelwehera. The training involved working in 6 sections of the farm: 1) Plant Nursery, 2) Big Onion Seed Production Project, 3) Vegetable Seed Section, 4) Banana Plantation and Packing House, 5) Seed Paddy Processing Section, and 6) Account and Administration. Activities included planting material production, onion seed sowing and cultivation, vegetable seed processing, banana harvesting and packing, and administrative tasks. The outcomes of the training were learning operational divisions, developing soft skills, and gaining knowledge to become an agribusiness entrepreneur.
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This document provides information on chillies (Capsicum spp.), including:
- Chillies are an important crop grown in India, with over 400 varieties found worldwide. India is the world's largest producer and exporter of chillies.
- The three main chilli species originated in Central and South America and were spread to other parts of the world by humans.
- Chillies are a good source of vitamins C and A. They also contain compounds like capsaicin that have anti-inflammatory and pain-relieving properties.
Value addition
The document discusses opportunities for value addition of agricultural products in Northeast India. It describes several value-added products that can be created such as fruit jams, juices, dried foods, beverages, pickles and more. Specific fruits and vegetables that show promise are mentioned, including banana, pineapple, oranges, and local varieties. Methods of value addition covered include packaging, osmo-air drying, waxing, and minimal processing. The document argues that pursuing these value-added products can meet market demand and benefit farmers in the region.
Quality and Processing of Plantation crops
The document discusses various plantation crops grown in India including their processing methods. It provides area and production statistics for major crops like coconut, arecanut, cashewnut, tea, and coffee. For coconut, it describes the components and different processing steps to produce copra, coconut oil, and other products. Similar processing details are provided for arecanut and case studies on drying coconut kernels and developing a arecanut dehusking machine. Processing of palm products like neera, toddy and jaggery are also summarized along with a case study on palm jaggery preparation. The document concludes with a brief overview of tea processing steps.
Jackfruit production technology
This document provides information on the botany, cultivation practices, varieties, and uses of the jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus). It discusses the jackfruit's origin in India, describes several varieties and cultivars grown in different countries, and outlines considerations for its propagation, cultivation, and harvesting. The key points are that jackfruit is an important crop in South and Southeast Asia, known for its large size and nutritional and medicinal properties, and it can be propagated through seed germination or vegetative methods like grafting, layering, and micropropagation.
Oilseed cake and organic farming
Deoiled seed cakes are an important organic fertilizer for Indian agriculture. They are a byproduct of oil extraction from seeds and are rich in nutrients like nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Applying deoiled cakes to soil improves soil health by increasing microbial activity and the availability of nutrients to plants. Different cakes have different impacts - for example, Karanj cake improved plant growth more than other cakes in one study. Deoiled cakes decompose faster than bulkier manures due to their lower carbon-to-nitrogen ratio. Their use can enhance crop yields while maintaining soil fertility in a sustainable way.
Pearl millet
Pearlmillet, also known as bajra or cumbu, originated in Africa. There are 32 species of pearlmillet, but only two are commonly cultivated - P. glaucum for grain production and P. purpureum for fodder. Pearlmillet is well-adapted to hot, dry climates and poor soils. It is an important food source high in calories, protein, and minerals for people in dry regions where it is grown. India is a major producer of pearlmillet, with most production occurring in Rajasthan. The document provides details on varieties, cultivation practices like sowing methods, weed control, nutrient management, and harvesting of pearlmillet.
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This document summarizes the industrial training completed by M.M.B.S.Silva at CIC Seed Farm in Pelwehera. The training involved working in 6 sections of the farm: 1) Plant Nursery, 2) Big Onion Seed Production Project, 3) Vegetable Seed Section, 4) Banana Plantation and Packing House, 5) Seed Paddy Processing Section, and 6) Account and Administration. Activities included planting material production, onion seed sowing and cultivation, vegetable seed processing, banana harvesting and packing, and administrative tasks. The outcomes of the training were learning operational divisions, developing soft skills, and gaining knowledge to become an agribusiness entrepreneur.
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- Chillies are an important crop grown in India, with over 400 varieties found worldwide. India is the world's largest producer and exporter of chillies.
- The three main chilli species originated in Central and South America and were spread to other parts of the world by humans.
- Chillies are a good source of vitamins C and A. They also contain compounds like capsaicin that have anti-inflammatory and pain-relieving properties.
Value addition
The document discusses opportunities for value addition of agricultural products in Northeast India. It describes several value-added products that can be created such as fruit jams, juices, dried foods, beverages, pickles and more. Specific fruits and vegetables that show promise are mentioned, including banana, pineapple, oranges, and local varieties. Methods of value addition covered include packaging, osmo-air drying, waxing, and minimal processing. The document argues that pursuing these value-added products can meet market demand and benefit farmers in the region.
Quality and Processing of Plantation crops
The document discusses various plantation crops grown in India including their processing methods. It provides area and production statistics for major crops like coconut, arecanut, cashewnut, tea, and coffee. For coconut, it describes the components and different processing steps to produce copra, coconut oil, and other products. Similar processing details are provided for arecanut and case studies on drying coconut kernels and developing a arecanut dehusking machine. Processing of palm products like neera, toddy and jaggery are also summarized along with a case study on palm jaggery preparation. The document concludes with a brief overview of tea processing steps.
Jackfruit production technology
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Oilseed cake and organic farming
Deoiled seed cakes are an important organic fertilizer for Indian agriculture. They are a byproduct of oil extraction from seeds and are rich in nutrients like nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Applying deoiled cakes to soil improves soil health by increasing microbial activity and the availability of nutrients to plants. Different cakes have different impacts - for example, Karanj cake improved plant growth more than other cakes in one study. Deoiled cakes decompose faster than bulkier manures due to their lower carbon-to-nitrogen ratio. Their use can enhance crop yields while maintaining soil fertility in a sustainable way.
Pearl millet
Pearlmillet, also known as bajra or cumbu, originated in Africa. There are 32 species of pearlmillet, but only two are commonly cultivated - P. glaucum for grain production and P. purpureum for fodder. Pearlmillet is well-adapted to hot, dry climates and poor soils. It is an important food source high in calories, protein, and minerals for people in dry regions where it is grown. India is a major producer of pearlmillet, with most production occurring in Rajasthan. The document provides details on varieties, cultivation practices like sowing methods, weed control, nutrient management, and harvesting of pearlmillet.
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This document discusses the arecanut (betel nut) crop. It provides details on:
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2) Traditionally, arecanuts were harvested by trained climbers, but mechanized harvesters are now used which do not require expertise and allow women and youth to participate.
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This document discusses recent advancements in underutilized fruit crops in Sri Lanka. It notes that Sri Lanka has over 60 varieties of underutilized fruits that have potential but are currently under-exploited. These include katuanoda, madan, lavalu, belli, and nelli. There have been recent trends in processing underutilized fruits into products like jam, candy, juice, syrup, beverages, chutney, sauce, pickle, and dehydrated and canned versions. Conservation strategies are also discussed like identification, research, awareness campaigns. Developing reliable supply and better marketing is key to utilizing the market potential of these underutilized Sri Lankan fruits.
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This document discusses the arecanut (betel nut) crop. It provides details on:
1) India is the largest producer of arecanuts, with major cultivating states being Karnataka, Kerala, Assam, Tamil Nadu, Meghalaya and West Bengal.
2) Traditionally, arecanuts were harvested by trained climbers, but mechanized harvesters are now used which do not require expertise and allow women and youth to participate.
3) After harvesting, the nuts undergo various processing steps to produce different products like raw nuts, dried nuts (chali/kottapak), and flavored nuts (scented supari). Sundrying and mechanical drying are common methods used.
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Handling and transporation of postharvest produce like fruits and vegetables from farm to industry. The necessary measures to be taken while transportation and handling of fresh produce for longer stability of produce.
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This document discusses recent advancements in underutilized fruit crops in Sri Lanka. It notes that Sri Lanka has over 60 varieties of underutilized fruits that have potential but are currently under-exploited. These include katuanoda, madan, lavalu, belli, and nelli. There have been recent trends in processing underutilized fruits into products like jam, candy, juice, syrup, beverages, chutney, sauce, pickle, and dehydrated and canned versions. Conservation strategies are also discussed like identification, research, awareness campaigns. Developing reliable supply and better marketing is key to utilizing the market potential of these underutilized Sri Lankan fruits.
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This document provides information on the production technology of black pepper (Piper nigrum). It describes the plant description, propagation methods, climatic and soil requirements, and common varieties. It also discusses the different types of shoots produced, plantation establishment, cultural practices including training, manure and fertilizer application, pest and disease management, harvesting and processing. The typical yield from a mature plantation is 800-1000 kg of black pepper per hectare annually.
TURMERIC PROCESSING
This document discusses turmeric processing and provides details about turmeric production and trade. It notes that India is the largest exporter of turmeric, supplying approximately 90% of global exports. Major importers include Japan, the US, and UK. It describes different turmeric varieties from regions in India and their characteristics. Processing steps include curing, drying, polishing, grading, and packaging. Quality is assessed based on curcumin content, cleanliness, microbiology, pesticide residues, aflatoxins, and heavy metals. Turmeric has various applications as a colorant, flavorant, and preservative in foods, cosmetics, and other products.
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Ber (Zizyphus mauritiana) is a hardy fruit commonly known as the poor man's fruit that is cultivated throughout India. It is high in vitamins and minerals. There are many varieties of ber that differ in maturation time, productivity, and suitability to various climates. Ber is propagated through seed sowing or vegetative methods like budding. It grows best in tropical and subtropical areas and a wide variety of soils.
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Sugarbeet is a temperate crop cultivated for its high sucrose content, accounting for 22% of global sugar production. Unlike sugarcane, sugar is extracted from beetroots through diffusion rather than milling. Beetroots contain 15-20% sucrose, with 12-14% recovery during processing into syrup and sugar. Sugarbeet can also be used to produce ethanol, vitamin B12, animal feed, and grows well in saline soils. The top sugar beet producers are Russia, France, the US, Germany, and Turkey.
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High density planting (HDP)
High Density Planting is a method of densely planting plant with plant population more than the optimum to get higher productivity in terms of quality and yield by manipulating the tree architecture and planting systems such as use of dwarfing rootstock, interstocks, scions, spurs; intensive use of growth regulators, training and pruning, cultural practices and reducing the spacing. The main principle is to improve efficiency of horizontal and vertical space utilisation per unit time, and resources and input utilisation. There is a balance between the vegetative and fruiting structures without affecting the plant health. Advantages include increased productivity, high income, efficient use of resources and mechanisation and operational efficacy
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This presentation is done by 2010/2011 batch of Export Agriculture students of Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka as a requirement for the subject which is “Fruit & Vegetable Cultivation”. Note that the information included here is relevant to Sri Lankan condition.
Black Pepper Varietal wealth in India
1) Black pepper originated in the Western Ghats region of India and is now distributed across northeast and southwest India. 2) Breeding objectives for black pepper include higher yield, quality, disease resistance, and abiotic stress tolerance. 3) Breeding methods used include selection, hybridization, mutation, and polyploidy breeding. 4) Achievements include the release of 18 varieties developed through selection, hybridization, and selection from open-pollinated progenies.
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Powerpoint dealing with the processing of Pepper and Cardamom. It deals with the flowchart involving the processing of these spices. It also deals with the various unit operations involved and the kind of equipment which is used to for the unit operations. it deals with all the processing after harvesting to drying, cleaning, packaging, storage etc of the spices
post harvest handling of fruits
The document discusses various post-harvest handling techniques for fresh horticultural crops including precooling methods. It describes harvesting based on physiological and horticultural maturity. Key post-harvest steps discussed are sorting, grading, packaging, and different precooling techniques like room cooling, forced air cooling, hydrocooling, vacuum cooling and package icing. Maintaining quality during post-harvest handling is important to reduce losses between harvest and consumption.
Post Harvest Management of Vegetables Crops
This document discusses post-harvest management techniques for fresh vegetables. It begins by explaining that fresh vegetables are highly perishable and can face losses from factors like temperature, humidity, and physical injury during handling. It then outlines objectives to understand post-harvest loss causes and control measures, marketing channels and losses, and management techniques. The document covers harvesting maturity, cleaning, sorting, grading, packaging, storage, and transportation methods. It emphasizes the importance of post-harvest management in maintaining quality and reducing losses to increase smallholder competitiveness and food security.
Fruit Ripening and Changes occurring during Ripening
This document discusses fruit ripening and changes that occur during the process. It defines climacteric and non-climacteric fruits and notes that climacteric fruits can ripen off the plant due to increased ethylene production and respiration, while non-climacteric fruits will not ripen once picked. During ripening, fruits undergo changes like cell wall breakdown, starch conversion to sugar, organic acid and color changes, as well as increased production of flavors, aromas, and other compounds. The document also reviews methods to artificially induce or delay ripening, like ethylene treatment or low temperature storage, and how treatments like ethylene absorbents or inhibitors can extend shelf life.
Costus
The document discusses the Costus plant, including its medicinal uses, active constituents, cultivation, and pests/diseases. Costus speciosus rhizomes contain the steroidal sapogenin diosgenin and have potential as an alternative source for commercial production of steroidal hormones. The plant grows well in subtropical climates with rainfall between 1000-1500 mm and is cultivated by planting rhizome cuttings with at least two buds, applying fertilizers, and providing irrigation. Major diseases include rhizome rot caused by fungi like Phytophthora solani and Pythium spinosum.
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- 1. Industrial Training CIC Seed Farm - Pelwehera
- 2. CONTENT 01 1. About company 2. Training overview Covered different divisions Theoretical & practical aspects 3. Achievements 4. Conclusion 02
- 4. INTRODUCTION Chemical Industries (Colombo) Limited was incorporated in 1964 as a supplier of high-quality chemical products for the local market. CIC acquired the Pelwehera Farm in the year 2000 under the prevailing government’s privatization programme. 02 The farm is located dry zone of Matale District, 2 km from Dambulla and covers 634 acres. In the current situation 213 of workers & 60 staff members employed in CIC Pelwehera Farm. 03
- 5. 2. Training overview Vegetable R & D unit Quality banana section High land project Plant nursery Compost production unit Soil Analysis Laboratory Seed Testing Laboratory Paddy Breeding Section Rice Quality Testing Laboratory Juiceez & sales center 04
- 6. THEORETICAL & PRACTICALASPECTS 08 Vegetable R & D Section Chilli pollen extraction Grafting Chilli & Pumpkin cross pollination Banana Acclimatization Papaya seed germination Plant nursery 05 Hybrid maize Pollination Labelling Protected Agriculture practices
- 7. THEORETICAL & PRACTICALASPECTS Paddy breeding section Rice quality testing laboratory Paddy artificial pollination Paddy sampling Ongoing Research Rice Cooking quality testing Rice milling quality testing 06
- 8. THEORETICAL & PRACTICALASPECTS 08 Quality banana section High land project Packing technics Ripening technics Tagging Pruning Grading Transporting Cleaning Grading Bagging Harvesting 07
- 9. TECHNICAL & PRACTICALASPECTS 08 Soil testing laboratory Soil sampling practices Kjeldhal method Paddy Seed purity test Paddy seed Viability test Paddy seed Moisture % test Soil OM% testing Soil EC & pH Paddy seed germination test Seed quality testing laboratory 08
- 10. 09 Learned New skills Gained clear knowledge & experience about the different new areas, Cavendish banana & TEJC mango quality management practices GI Level of rice Tissue culture banana plant acclimatization practice Learned about laboratory accreditation Identified procurement process Rice milling quality and cooking quality testing with handling different equipments. Seed quality testing 09
- 11. 09 Technological applications At there identified some of technological applications as, Semi – Automated polytunnels Solar power light system for protect crops from peacocks Humidity and cooler chamber for germinate leek seeds in dry zone Micro – irrigation systems used in different field Conveying belt used for pack house operation They try to prepare Arduino based system for Controlling Bird Infestations 10
- 12. 09 CIC Agri Businesses work with a strong commitment of enhancing farmer incomes, improving the rural economy and contributing towards a nutritious & healthy nation. During the training period, I got lot of experience, Knowledge & practical skill. Also applicability of theoretical knowledge was practiced. In my opinion this institute is very suitable for studying about different crops and gaining experiences in their field activities and it is also gave better understanding of quality management practices for increase yield quality and quantity. Conclusions 11