This document provides information on the rose plant. It begins with the scientific classification of roses, noting there are roughly 360 species in the genus Rosa. It then discusses the history and origins of roses, stating they have been cultivated for around 5,000 years and were introduced to Europe from China in the 18th century. The document outlines important information on propagating, growing, and caring for roses including climate needs, soil requirements, irrigation, fertilization, and harvesting techniques.

1. ROSE
GENERAL HORTICULTURE
Presented By: Aftab Ali
Wht:03173794826

2. SCIENTIFIC CLASSIFICATION
Rosa rubiginosa
• Kingdom : Plantae
• Class : Magnoliopsida
• Family : Rosaceae
• Specie : Rubigonisa
• Genus : Rosa

3. INTRODUCTION
• Roses are most popular Cut Flower world wide.
• Rose is a ornamental shrub with upright or climbing
stem.
• There are roughly 360 species of roses in the genus
Rosa & Rosaceae.
• Roses come in a variety of colors including red, pink,
white, yellow and orange.

4. HISTORY & ORIGIN
• The rose is one of the most admired and universally
recognizable flowers in existence.
• According to the fossils evidence, the rose is 35
Million years old.
• Garden cultivation of the rose began about 5,000
years ago, probably in china .
• It wasn't until the 18th century the cultivation of roses
were introduced to Europe from China.

5. IMPORTANCE
• Roses are ornamental plants grown for their flowers in
garden and indoor.
• Roses are valued for their rich and varied colors,
profusion of bloom, velvety petal texture and, in many
cultivars, a rich sweet scent.
• It is always the flower of choice for home, flower
arrangement, surprise gift in any occasion and events.
• Roses are also economically important.

6. USES
• Garden Decors
• Flower Arrangement
• Medicine
• Perfumes
• Wall Decors
• Rose oil and rose water
• Sweet freshener ( house, car, office )
• Perfect for landscaping in parks; amusement parks
• For decorations in any event like; weddings, festivities,
birthdays.

8. PLANTING
 Ideal method is double row
system.
 Plant to plant distance
25cm
 Row to Row distance is
30cm
 Planting Time Oct-Nov

9. PROPAGATION
Cutting: for most rose varieties, a stem cutting is taken
from a healthy plant, dipped in rooting hormone, and
planted in soil or water
Grafting: Grafting, or budding, is a technique for
propagating plants wherein you take a piece from one
plant and fuse it onto another.
Seeding: for all rose species, the seeds are collected
from the rose hips and sown in pots or beds
Layering: Plant division and layering: for hardwood
species, the plant is divided or bent to the ground and
covered with soil to form new roots

10. Cutting
Seeding
Grafting

11. CLIMATE
• Day temperature of 25C and night temperature of
10C, are good for high quality roses.
• Roses typically grow in warm climates and flowers in
summer.
• The Humidity is maintained between 50-60.
• In a open field Condition Ideal temperatures is 15-28
and humidity 75%
• The Site Chosen should be free from nematodes or
soil-borne pathogens.

12. SOIL & PH
• Soil Should be rich loose and structurally stable with
depth of 50 cm.
• Ensuring optiumum drainage and aeration to the
roots.
• Rose also can be grown in soil less media like rock
wool, coco peat, perlite
• Incorporated with organic or inorganic material to
improve the soil structure.
• Soil PH should be slightly acidic 6.2 to 6.8.

13. IRRIGATION
• Roses do not like water logging but need plenty of water for
their growth & development.
• Irrigation depends on the water requirement particular
variety.
• Ideals Methods is drip irrigation.
• Another method of irrigation is sub surface in which water is
directly delivered to the root zone.
• Regular soil moisture is important for rose.

14. MANURES AND FERTILIZERS
• An important part of caring for roses is regular and
proper fertilization as roses are heavy feeders.
• Roses need the three main macronutrients for plants
• Nitrogen (N): for foliage growth,
• Phosphorus (P): for root growth, and
• Potassium (K): for flower formation
• plus various micronutrients, including iron, calcium, and
magnesium

15. HARVESTING
• Harvesting is done with a sharp object
• When color is fully established and petals have not
started unfolding.
• There should be 1-2 mature leaves left after flower
cutting.
• Leaving the mature leaves will increase the production
of new strong shoots.
• Harvesting is preferred in early morning hours.

17. THANKU