Riboflavin b2
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Riboflavin B2 active coenzyme - FMN,FAD Function - Oxidation reduction reaction, Antioxidant Deficiency- Glossitis, stomatitis, Cheilosis, Seborrhoeic dermatitis, corneal vascularisation etc
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Riboflavin,flavoproteins and their clinical applications
A presentation in lucid-style on Riboflavin (vitamin B2), Flavoproteins and their clinical applications for MBBS , BDS , B Pham and Biotechnology students to facilitate easy leaning.
Vitamin b2 riboflavin
Vitamin B2, also known as riboflavin, is a water-soluble vitamin that is essential for human health. It contains a heterocyclic ring structure and helps the body metabolize fats, proteins, and carbohydrates to produce energy. Riboflavin also assists other vitamins in being utilized by the body and is important for vision, growth, and red blood cell production. Deficiency can result in cracks in the mouth or tongue, though it is uncommon except in cases of other vitamin deficiencies or chronic alcoholism. Good dietary sources include dairy products, eggs, leafy greens, mushrooms, and whole grains. The recommended daily intake varies from 0.4 to 1.6 mg depending on
Vitamin b2
Introduction about Vitamin B2, Chemistry of Riboflavin, Biochemical Functions of Riboflavin, Recommended Dietary Allowance of Vitamin B2, Dietary Sources of Riboflavin, Deficiency Symptoms of Vitamin B2, Synthesis of FMN, FAD from Riboflavin pathway, Coenzymes of Riboflavin.
Metabolic functions of riboflavin
Riboflavin functions metabolically as an essential component of the coenzymes FMN and FAD, which act as intermediaries in electron transfers in biological oxidation-reduction reactions. As flavoproteins, they serve as switching sites between obligate two-electron donors and one-electron acceptors, and can transfer one or two electrons with a range of potentials. Riboflavin plays key roles in metabolism through these coenzymes, including carbohydrate, amino acid, lipid, and vitamin metabolism. It is also essential for protecting against oxidative stress and homocysteinemia, and plays roles in vascular disease, congenital defects in fat metabolism, mineral utilization, and other health effects.
Vitamin b2
Riboflavin, also known as vitamin B2, is a water-soluble vitamin that is part of the B vitamin group. It plays an important role in metabolism as the central component of the cofactors FAD and FMN, which are required for many enzyme reactions. Sources of riboflavin include liver, dairy products, eggs, meat, and leafy greens. Deficiency can cause lesions on the skin, eyes, and mouth as well as eye irritation and sensitivity to light. Daily requirements vary from 0.4 to 2.2 mg depending on age, sex, and pregnancy/lactation status.
RIBOFLAVIN (B2)
Riboflavin, also known as vitamin B2, is a yellow pigment that contains a 6,7-dimethylisoalloxazine ring. It functions as an important cofactor in redox reactions as FMN and FAD. Riboflavin is absorbed in the small intestine and transported to tissues like the liver, where it is converted to its coenzyme forms. Deficiency can cause cheilosis, glossitis and corneal vascularization. Rich dietary sources include milk, meat, eggs and liver.
Riboflavin ( B2) MUHAMMAD MUSTANSAR
Riboflavin (B2) is a yellowish-green fluorescent compound that is water soluble and derived from ribose sugar. It is involved in many oxidation-reduction reactions as part of the coenzymes FMN and FAD. Good dietary sources include plant foods like rice, pulses, and green vegetables, as well as animal foods like liver, eggs, and milk. Riboflavin deficiency can cause cracks at the corners of the mouth, a smooth purple tongue, scaly skin rashes, and corneal vascularization of the eyes.
VITAMINB2[RIBOFLAVIN] MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY,BY P.RAVISANKAR [SOURCES OF VITAMI...
VITAMINB2[RIBOFLAVIN] MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY,BY P.RAVISANKAR [SOURCES OF VITAMIN B2,CHEMISTRY OF VITAMIN B2,PHYSIOLOGICAL IMPORTANCE,SYNTHESIS OF RIBOFLAVIN,REACTIONS, VITAMIN B2 DEFICIENCY SYMPTOMS,FUNCTIONS,USES OF RIBOFLAVIN.
BY P.RAVISANKAR,VIGNAN PHARMACY COLLEGE, VADLAMUDI, GUNTUR, ANDHRA PRADESH, INDIA.
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Riboflavin,flavoproteins and their clinical applications
A presentation in lucid-style on Riboflavin (vitamin B2), Flavoproteins and their clinical applications for MBBS , BDS , B Pham and Biotechnology students to facilitate easy leaning.
Vitamin b2 riboflavin
Vitamin B2, also known as riboflavin, is a water-soluble vitamin that is essential for human health. It contains a heterocyclic ring structure and helps the body metabolize fats, proteins, and carbohydrates to produce energy. Riboflavin also assists other vitamins in being utilized by the body and is important for vision, growth, and red blood cell production. Deficiency can result in cracks in the mouth or tongue, though it is uncommon except in cases of other vitamin deficiencies or chronic alcoholism. Good dietary sources include dairy products, eggs, leafy greens, mushrooms, and whole grains. The recommended daily intake varies from 0.4 to 1.6 mg depending on
Vitamin b2
Introduction about Vitamin B2, Chemistry of Riboflavin, Biochemical Functions of Riboflavin, Recommended Dietary Allowance of Vitamin B2, Dietary Sources of Riboflavin, Deficiency Symptoms of Vitamin B2, Synthesis of FMN, FAD from Riboflavin pathway, Coenzymes of Riboflavin.
Metabolic functions of riboflavin
Riboflavin functions metabolically as an essential component of the coenzymes FMN and FAD, which act as intermediaries in electron transfers in biological oxidation-reduction reactions. As flavoproteins, they serve as switching sites between obligate two-electron donors and one-electron acceptors, and can transfer one or two electrons with a range of potentials. Riboflavin plays key roles in metabolism through these coenzymes, including carbohydrate, amino acid, lipid, and vitamin metabolism. It is also essential for protecting against oxidative stress and homocysteinemia, and plays roles in vascular disease, congenital defects in fat metabolism, mineral utilization, and other health effects.
Vitamin b2
Riboflavin, also known as vitamin B2, is a water-soluble vitamin that is part of the B vitamin group. It plays an important role in metabolism as the central component of the cofactors FAD and FMN, which are required for many enzyme reactions. Sources of riboflavin include liver, dairy products, eggs, meat, and leafy greens. Deficiency can cause lesions on the skin, eyes, and mouth as well as eye irritation and sensitivity to light. Daily requirements vary from 0.4 to 2.2 mg depending on age, sex, and pregnancy/lactation status.
RIBOFLAVIN (B2)
Riboflavin, also known as vitamin B2, is a yellow pigment that contains a 6,7-dimethylisoalloxazine ring. It functions as an important cofactor in redox reactions as FMN and FAD. Riboflavin is absorbed in the small intestine and transported to tissues like the liver, where it is converted to its coenzyme forms. Deficiency can cause cheilosis, glossitis and corneal vascularization. Rich dietary sources include milk, meat, eggs and liver.
Riboflavin ( B2) MUHAMMAD MUSTANSAR
Riboflavin (B2) is a yellowish-green fluorescent compound that is water soluble and derived from ribose sugar. It is involved in many oxidation-reduction reactions as part of the coenzymes FMN and FAD. Good dietary sources include plant foods like rice, pulses, and green vegetables, as well as animal foods like liver, eggs, and milk. Riboflavin deficiency can cause cracks at the corners of the mouth, a smooth purple tongue, scaly skin rashes, and corneal vascularization of the eyes.
VITAMINB2[RIBOFLAVIN] MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY,BY P.RAVISANKAR [SOURCES OF VITAMI...
VITAMINB2[RIBOFLAVIN] MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY,BY P.RAVISANKAR [SOURCES OF VITAMIN B2,CHEMISTRY OF VITAMIN B2,PHYSIOLOGICAL IMPORTANCE,SYNTHESIS OF RIBOFLAVIN,REACTIONS, VITAMIN B2 DEFICIENCY SYMPTOMS,FUNCTIONS,USES OF RIBOFLAVIN.
BY P.RAVISANKAR,VIGNAN PHARMACY COLLEGE, VADLAMUDI, GUNTUR, ANDHRA PRADESH, INDIA.
Vitamins water & fat Soluble
Vitamins are organic substances that are essential for carrying out normal biochemical processes and physiological functions. They are divided into fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K) and water-soluble vitamins. Fat-soluble vitamins are stored in the liver and excessive intake can lead to toxicity, while water-soluble vitamins are excreted and toxicity does not occur. Vitamins must be activated in the body and deficiencies can cause specific syndromes, while adequate intake through a balanced diet meets daily requirements.
VITAMIN B2-RIBOFLAVIN.pptx
Riboflavin, also known as vitamin B2, is a vitamin found in food and sold as a dietary supplement.[3] It is essential to the formation of two major coenzymes, flavin mononucleotide and flavin adenine dinucleotide. These coenzymes are involved in energy metabolism, cellular respiration, and antibody production, as well as normal growth and development. The coenzymes are also required for the metabolism of niacin, vitamin B6, and folate. Riboflavin is prescribed to treat corneal thinning, and taken orally, may reduce the incidence of migraine headaches in adults.
Riboflavin deficiency is rare and is usually accompanied by deficiencies of other vitamins and nutrients. It may be prevented or treated by oral supplements or by injections. As a water-soluble vitamin, any riboflavin consumed in excess of nutritional requirements is not stored; it is either not absorbed or is absorbed and quickly excreted in urine, causing the urine to have a bright yellow tint. Natural sources of riboflavin include meat, fish and fowl, eggs, dairy products, green vegetables, mushrooms, and almonds. Some countries require its addition to grains.
Riboflavin was discovered in 1920, isolated in 1933, and first synthesized in 1935. In its purified, solid form, it is a water-soluble yellow-orange crystalline powder. In addition to its function as a vitamin, it is used as a food coloring agent. Biosynthesis takes place in bacteria, fungi and plants, but not animals. Industrial synthesis of riboflavin was initially achieved using a chemical process, but current commercial manufacturing relies on fermentation methods using strains of fungi and genetically modified bacteria.
Riboflavin VITAMIN B2
Vitamin B2, also known as riboflavin, is a water-soluble vitamin that plays an important role in metabolism. It exists in tissues tightly bound to enzymes called flavoproteins and its active forms are FMN and FAD, which are involved in oxidation-reduction reactions. Good dietary sources include liver, eggs, dairy products, fish, and green leafy vegetables. A riboflavin deficiency can cause symptoms affecting the skin and mucous membranes like angular stomatitis or a magenta colored tongue.
Riboflavin, VITAMIN B2
Vitamin B2, also known as riboflavin, is required for metabolism and energy production. Good dietary sources include milk, cheese, eggs, leafy greens, almonds, and soybeans. The recommended daily amount is 1.5 mg. Riboflavin is absorbed in the small intestine and circulates in the active forms FMN and FAD, which act as coenzymes in over 150 oxidation-reduction reactions involved in metabolism. Deficiency can cause symptoms like cracked lips, inflammation of the tongue, mouth ulcers, dry and scaling skin, and eye irritation.
Water soluble vitamins
The document summarizes key information about water soluble vitamins. It discusses the general properties of water soluble vitamins, including that they are excreted in urine and must be continuously supplied through diet. It then provides details on individual vitamins, including their structures, food sources, recommended daily allowances, and biochemical functions and deficiency manifestations.
Water soluble vitamin
This document provides information on water soluble vitamins B and C. It discusses the classification of vitamins based on solubility and describes key features of the B-complex vitamins including thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, pantothenic acid, pyridoxine, biotin, folic acid, and cyanocobalamin. It also covers vitamin C, describing its isolation, sources, functions, deficiency manifestations, and role in collagen formation and wound healing. The roles of these vitamins as coenzymes in various metabolic pathways are emphasized.
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An illustrative presentation on Biotin (Vitamin B7), clinical indications and technological applications for Medical, Dental, Pharmacology & Biotechnology students to facilitate easy- learning.
BIOTIN (B7)
Biotin is a water-soluble B vitamin and coenzyme that is essential for carboxylation reactions in metabolism. It is required by the enzymes pyruvate carboxylase, acetyl-CoA carboxylase, propionyl-CoA carboxylase, and β-methylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylase, which are involved in glucose metabolism, fatty acid synthesis, and amino acid catabolism. Biotin deficiency is rare in humans due to its presence in many foods and synthesis by gut bacteria, but can cause dermatitis, weakness, and nausea. Avidin in raw egg whites binds strongly to biotin and prevents its absorption.
BIOTIN (B7)
Biotin is a water-soluble B vitamin that acts as a coenzyme for carboxylase enzymes involved in steps like converting pyruvate to oxaloacetate. It is required for fatty acid synthesis and leucine catabolism by acetyl-CoA carboxylase and methylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylase respectively. Biotin deficiency is rare in humans due to its presence in many foods and intestinal bacterial synthesis, but can cause dermatitis or hair loss. Avidin in raw egg whites tightly binds biotin and prevents its absorption.
Vitamin b12
Vitamin B12, also called cobalamin, is a water-soluble vitamin that plays a key role in the functioning of the brain and nervous system. It is involved in DNA synthesis, fatty acid and amino acid metabolism. Vitamin B12 is produced by bacteria and archaea and is found naturally in animal products like meat, eggs and dairy. Deficiency can cause fatigue, neurological problems, and psychosis. It is used to treat deficiency, cyanide poisoning, and hereditary conditions.
Pantothenic acid(B5)
Pantothenic acid, also known as vitamin B5, is essential for the synthesis of coenzyme A (CoA) which plays a key role in numerous metabolic pathways. It is absorbed in the small intestine and transported to tissues where it is phosphorylated and linked to cysteine to form 4'-phosphopantetheine, which is then converted to dephospho-CoA and CoA. CoA is involved in the synthesis of fatty acids, cholesterol, amino acids, and ketone bodies as well as the oxidation of pyruvate and fatty acids through acetyl-CoA in the citric acid cycle. Deficiency of pantothenic acid is rare but can cause burning feet syndrome in experimental
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Vitamin E was discovered in 1922 and is a fat-soluble vitamin that exists as tocopherols and tocotrienols. Alpha-tocopherol is the most active form that acts as an antioxidant to protect tissues from free radical damage. Vitamin E is obtained through foods like vegetable oils, nuts, seeds, and green leafy vegetables. It helps maintain immune function, supports red blood cell formation, and protects PUFAs and vitamins A and C from oxidation. Deficiency can cause neurological issues, skin and hair problems, and increased risk of certain diseases. Toxicity is rare but can potentially increase bleeding risk with high doses.
Vitamin b5, pantothenic acid
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Vitamin B2 (RIBOFLAVIN)
Vitamin B2, also known as riboflavin, is an essential component of coenzymes involved in redox reactions in the body. It acts as a precursor to FMN and FAD, which are cofactors for redox enzymes. Deficiency can result from poor intake, malabsorption, drug interactions, and genetic defects affecting flavin metabolism. Symptoms include sore throat, cheilosis, and glossitis. Status is assessed by urinary riboflavin levels, erythrocyte glutathione reductase activity, and direct measurement of flavins in plasma and erythrocytes.
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Water soluble vitamins
Definition
Classification
Introduction
Types of WATER SOLUBLE vitamin
Public health significance
Dietary goals
Dietary guidelines
Vitamin C
the B Vitamins
Thiamin (Vitamin B1)
Riboflavin (Vitamin B2)
Niacin (Vitamin B3)
Pantothenic Acid
Vitamin B6
Folic Acid
Vitamin B12
Nutritional programmes in india
VITAMIN E
Vitamin E is a group of compounds called tocopherols and tocotrienols that are fat-soluble antioxidants. Alpha-tocopherol is the most biologically active form. Vitamin E protects cell membranes from oxidation by reacting with free radicals. It is absorbed with dietary fat and transported throughout the body associated with lipoproteins. The main function of vitamin E is its antioxidant role in preventing lipid peroxidation and protecting polyunsaturated fatty acids. Recommended daily intake is 10-15 mg but requirements may increase during pregnancy and lactation. Rich dietary sources include vegetable oils. Deficiency can occur in premature infants and those with fat malabsorption issues.
Vitamin - A
Vitamin A was discovered in the early 20th century through research on the essential dietary factors required for growth. In 1912, Frederick Gowland Hopkins discovered unknown factors in milk that aided rat growth, and in 1917 Elmer McCollum isolated one of these substances, which was later referred to as vitamin A in 1920. Vitamin A occurs in foods as retinoids and carotenoids like beta-carotene, and plays critical roles in vision, cell growth and differentiation, epithelial integrity, immune function, and as an antioxidant. Deficiency of vitamin A can cause night blindness, dry eyes, increased susceptibility to infection, and even blindness.
Vitamins a
Vitamin A is essential for vision, growth, reproduction and maintaining epithelial cells. It is found naturally in animal foods like liver, egg yolk, and dairy products, and as beta-carotene in plant foods like carrots, spinach and mangoes. Vitamin A is absorbed in the small intestine and transported to the liver and eyes. In the eyes, it is needed to synthesize rhodopsin and photopsin, the light-sensitive pigments in rods and cones. Vitamin A deficiency can cause night blindness and xerophthalmia, while excess intake above 10,000 IU daily can cause side effects like abdominal pain and blurred vision.
A presentation on pantothenic acid or b5
1. Pantothenic acid, also known as vitamin B5, is an essential vitamin that plays a key role in energy production and metabolism.
2. It is widely found in foods like meat, eggs, legumes, and whole grains. Pantothenic acid is a component of coenzyme A which is involved in important processes in the body.
3. Deficiency of pantothenic acid is rare due to its abundance in foods, but may cause burning sensations in hands and feet, fatigue, and muscle cramps. The recommended daily intake is 2-7 mg depending on age.
vitamin b2 (1).pptx it is about vitamin b2 which is riboflavin
this is ppt is about vitamin b2 which is essential for our body important vitamin from b complex.
Absorption, transport and metabolism of riboflavin
Riboflavin is absorbed in the small intestine where coenzyme forms FMN and FAD are hydrolyzed to free riboflavin by intestinal enzymes. Free riboflavin is actively transported into intestinal cells and converted back to FMN by phosphorylation. Riboflavin enters circulation bound to proteins and is transported to tissues where it is converted to FMN and FAD coenzymes. Tissues store riboflavin primarily as FMN and FAD bound to flavoproteins. Unused coenzymes are broken back down to free riboflavin which is excreted primarily in urine.
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Vitamins water & fat Soluble
Vitamins are organic substances that are essential for carrying out normal biochemical processes and physiological functions. They are divided into fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K) and water-soluble vitamins. Fat-soluble vitamins are stored in the liver and excessive intake can lead to toxicity, while water-soluble vitamins are excreted and toxicity does not occur. Vitamins must be activated in the body and deficiencies can cause specific syndromes, while adequate intake through a balanced diet meets daily requirements.
VITAMIN B2-RIBOFLAVIN.pptx
Riboflavin, also known as vitamin B2, is a vitamin found in food and sold as a dietary supplement.[3] It is essential to the formation of two major coenzymes, flavin mononucleotide and flavin adenine dinucleotide. These coenzymes are involved in energy metabolism, cellular respiration, and antibody production, as well as normal growth and development. The coenzymes are also required for the metabolism of niacin, vitamin B6, and folate. Riboflavin is prescribed to treat corneal thinning, and taken orally, may reduce the incidence of migraine headaches in adults.
Riboflavin deficiency is rare and is usually accompanied by deficiencies of other vitamins and nutrients. It may be prevented or treated by oral supplements or by injections. As a water-soluble vitamin, any riboflavin consumed in excess of nutritional requirements is not stored; it is either not absorbed or is absorbed and quickly excreted in urine, causing the urine to have a bright yellow tint. Natural sources of riboflavin include meat, fish and fowl, eggs, dairy products, green vegetables, mushrooms, and almonds. Some countries require its addition to grains.
Riboflavin was discovered in 1920, isolated in 1933, and first synthesized in 1935. In its purified, solid form, it is a water-soluble yellow-orange crystalline powder. In addition to its function as a vitamin, it is used as a food coloring agent. Biosynthesis takes place in bacteria, fungi and plants, but not animals. Industrial synthesis of riboflavin was initially achieved using a chemical process, but current commercial manufacturing relies on fermentation methods using strains of fungi and genetically modified bacteria.
Riboflavin VITAMIN B2
Vitamin B2, also known as riboflavin, is a water-soluble vitamin that plays an important role in metabolism. It exists in tissues tightly bound to enzymes called flavoproteins and its active forms are FMN and FAD, which are involved in oxidation-reduction reactions. Good dietary sources include liver, eggs, dairy products, fish, and green leafy vegetables. A riboflavin deficiency can cause symptoms affecting the skin and mucous membranes like angular stomatitis or a magenta colored tongue.
Riboflavin, VITAMIN B2
Vitamin B2, also known as riboflavin, is required for metabolism and energy production. Good dietary sources include milk, cheese, eggs, leafy greens, almonds, and soybeans. The recommended daily amount is 1.5 mg. Riboflavin is absorbed in the small intestine and circulates in the active forms FMN and FAD, which act as coenzymes in over 150 oxidation-reduction reactions involved in metabolism. Deficiency can cause symptoms like cracked lips, inflammation of the tongue, mouth ulcers, dry and scaling skin, and eye irritation.
Water soluble vitamins
The document summarizes key information about water soluble vitamins. It discusses the general properties of water soluble vitamins, including that they are excreted in urine and must be continuously supplied through diet. It then provides details on individual vitamins, including their structures, food sources, recommended daily allowances, and biochemical functions and deficiency manifestations.
Water soluble vitamin
This document provides information on water soluble vitamins B and C. It discusses the classification of vitamins based on solubility and describes key features of the B-complex vitamins including thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, pantothenic acid, pyridoxine, biotin, folic acid, and cyanocobalamin. It also covers vitamin C, describing its isolation, sources, functions, deficiency manifestations, and role in collagen formation and wound healing. The roles of these vitamins as coenzymes in various metabolic pathways are emphasized.
Biotin (vitamin b7) biological functions, clinical indications and its techn...
An illustrative presentation on Biotin (Vitamin B7), clinical indications and technological applications for Medical, Dental, Pharmacology & Biotechnology students to facilitate easy- learning.
BIOTIN (B7)
Biotin is a water-soluble B vitamin and coenzyme that is essential for carboxylation reactions in metabolism. It is required by the enzymes pyruvate carboxylase, acetyl-CoA carboxylase, propionyl-CoA carboxylase, and β-methylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylase, which are involved in glucose metabolism, fatty acid synthesis, and amino acid catabolism. Biotin deficiency is rare in humans due to its presence in many foods and synthesis by gut bacteria, but can cause dermatitis, weakness, and nausea. Avidin in raw egg whites binds strongly to biotin and prevents its absorption.
BIOTIN (B7)
Biotin is a water-soluble B vitamin that acts as a coenzyme for carboxylase enzymes involved in steps like converting pyruvate to oxaloacetate. It is required for fatty acid synthesis and leucine catabolism by acetyl-CoA carboxylase and methylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylase respectively. Biotin deficiency is rare in humans due to its presence in many foods and intestinal bacterial synthesis, but can cause dermatitis or hair loss. Avidin in raw egg whites tightly binds biotin and prevents its absorption.
Vitamin b12
Vitamin B12, also called cobalamin, is a water-soluble vitamin that plays a key role in the functioning of the brain and nervous system. It is involved in DNA synthesis, fatty acid and amino acid metabolism. Vitamin B12 is produced by bacteria and archaea and is found naturally in animal products like meat, eggs and dairy. Deficiency can cause fatigue, neurological problems, and psychosis. It is used to treat deficiency, cyanide poisoning, and hereditary conditions.
Pantothenic acid(B5)
Pantothenic acid, also known as vitamin B5, is essential for the synthesis of coenzyme A (CoA) which plays a key role in numerous metabolic pathways. It is absorbed in the small intestine and transported to tissues where it is phosphorylated and linked to cysteine to form 4'-phosphopantetheine, which is then converted to dephospho-CoA and CoA. CoA is involved in the synthesis of fatty acids, cholesterol, amino acids, and ketone bodies as well as the oxidation of pyruvate and fatty acids through acetyl-CoA in the citric acid cycle. Deficiency of pantothenic acid is rare but can cause burning feet syndrome in experimental
VITAMIN E - NUTRITIONAL STUDY.
Vitamin E was discovered in 1922 and is a fat-soluble vitamin that exists as tocopherols and tocotrienols. Alpha-tocopherol is the most active form that acts as an antioxidant to protect tissues from free radical damage. Vitamin E is obtained through foods like vegetable oils, nuts, seeds, and green leafy vegetables. It helps maintain immune function, supports red blood cell formation, and protects PUFAs and vitamins A and C from oxidation. Deficiency can cause neurological issues, skin and hair problems, and increased risk of certain diseases. Toxicity is rare but can potentially increase bleeding risk with high doses.
Vitamin b5, pantothenic acid
This document summarizes information about vitamin B5 (pantothenic acid). It discusses the discovery of pantothenic acid and its role in Coenzyme A (CoA), the structure of pantothenic acid and CoA, the synthesis of CoA from pantothenic acid, the biochemical functions of pantothenic acid through CoA in various metabolic pathways, dietary sources of pantothenic acid, and symptoms of deficiency. The recommended daily intake of pantothenic acid for adults is 5-10 mg, and while deficiency symptoms have not been reported in humans, deficiency in experimental animals can cause issues like anemia and fatty liver.
Vitamin B2 (RIBOFLAVIN)
Vitamin B2, also known as riboflavin, is an essential component of coenzymes involved in redox reactions in the body. It acts as a precursor to FMN and FAD, which are cofactors for redox enzymes. Deficiency can result from poor intake, malabsorption, drug interactions, and genetic defects affecting flavin metabolism. Symptoms include sore throat, cheilosis, and glossitis. Status is assessed by urinary riboflavin levels, erythrocyte glutathione reductase activity, and direct measurement of flavins in plasma and erythrocytes.
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Water soluble vitamins
Definition
Classification
Introduction
Types of WATER SOLUBLE vitamin
Public health significance
Dietary goals
Dietary guidelines
Vitamin C
the B Vitamins
Thiamin (Vitamin B1)
Riboflavin (Vitamin B2)
Niacin (Vitamin B3)
Pantothenic Acid
Vitamin B6
Folic Acid
Vitamin B12
Nutritional programmes in india
VITAMIN E
Vitamin E is a group of compounds called tocopherols and tocotrienols that are fat-soluble antioxidants. Alpha-tocopherol is the most biologically active form. Vitamin E protects cell membranes from oxidation by reacting with free radicals. It is absorbed with dietary fat and transported throughout the body associated with lipoproteins. The main function of vitamin E is its antioxidant role in preventing lipid peroxidation and protecting polyunsaturated fatty acids. Recommended daily intake is 10-15 mg but requirements may increase during pregnancy and lactation. Rich dietary sources include vegetable oils. Deficiency can occur in premature infants and those with fat malabsorption issues.
Vitamin - A
Vitamin A was discovered in the early 20th century through research on the essential dietary factors required for growth. In 1912, Frederick Gowland Hopkins discovered unknown factors in milk that aided rat growth, and in 1917 Elmer McCollum isolated one of these substances, which was later referred to as vitamin A in 1920. Vitamin A occurs in foods as retinoids and carotenoids like beta-carotene, and plays critical roles in vision, cell growth and differentiation, epithelial integrity, immune function, and as an antioxidant. Deficiency of vitamin A can cause night blindness, dry eyes, increased susceptibility to infection, and even blindness.
Vitamins a
Vitamin A is essential for vision, growth, reproduction and maintaining epithelial cells. It is found naturally in animal foods like liver, egg yolk, and dairy products, and as beta-carotene in plant foods like carrots, spinach and mangoes. Vitamin A is absorbed in the small intestine and transported to the liver and eyes. In the eyes, it is needed to synthesize rhodopsin and photopsin, the light-sensitive pigments in rods and cones. Vitamin A deficiency can cause night blindness and xerophthalmia, while excess intake above 10,000 IU daily can cause side effects like abdominal pain and blurred vision.
A presentation on pantothenic acid or b5
1. Pantothenic acid, also known as vitamin B5, is an essential vitamin that plays a key role in energy production and metabolism.
2. It is widely found in foods like meat, eggs, legumes, and whole grains. Pantothenic acid is a component of coenzyme A which is involved in important processes in the body.
3. Deficiency of pantothenic acid is rare due to its abundance in foods, but may cause burning sensations in hands and feet, fatigue, and muscle cramps. The recommended daily intake is 2-7 mg depending on age.
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Similar to Riboflavin b2
vitamin b2 (1).pptx it is about vitamin b2 which is riboflavin
this is ppt is about vitamin b2 which is essential for our body important vitamin from b complex.
Absorption, transport and metabolism of riboflavin
Riboflavin is absorbed in the small intestine where coenzyme forms FMN and FAD are hydrolyzed to free riboflavin by intestinal enzymes. Free riboflavin is actively transported into intestinal cells and converted back to FMN by phosphorylation. Riboflavin enters circulation bound to proteins and is transported to tissues where it is converted to FMN and FAD coenzymes. Tissues store riboflavin primarily as FMN and FAD bound to flavoproteins. Unused coenzymes are broken back down to free riboflavin which is excreted primarily in urine.
Vitamin b2
Vitamin B2, also known as riboflavin, is an important vitamin for dogs. It acts as a precursor for FMN and FAD, which are cofactors in enzymes involved in energy production and metabolism. Signs of a deficiency include dermatitis, weight loss, weakness, and eye lesions like cloudiness or discharge. Riboflavin is found in many foods like meat, eggs, dairy and leafy greens. Dogs need around 2.2-5.3 mg of riboflavin per kg of diet daily to meet their nutritional needs.
Vitamins & Coenzymes
1. Vitamins are organic molecules that serve as cofactors for enzyme reactions and must be obtained through diet as they cannot be synthesized by the body.
2. Vitamins are classified as either water-soluble or fat-soluble, with water-soluble vitamins including all B vitamins and vitamin C, and fat-soluble vitamins being vitamins A, D, E, and K.
3. Each vitamin has a specific biochemical function, such as vitamin C serving as an antioxidant and cofactor for collagen synthesis, vitamin B12 acting as a cofactor for fatty acid and amino acid metabolism, and vitamin K being required for blood clotting through gamma-carboxylation of glutamate residues.
Lect. No. 14 & 15 Detoxification & Biotrasformation of Xenobiotics.ppt
1. Detoxification involves metabolizing xenobiotics like drugs and chemicals through phase I and phase II reactions to make them more water soluble and easily excreted.
2. Phase I reactions like oxidation, reduction and hydrolysis are catalyzed by cytochrome P450 enzymes in the liver to produce primary metabolites.
3. Phase II reactions involve conjugating these primary metabolites through processes like glucuronidation, sulfation and methylation to form secondary metabolites that are more polar and excretable. The liver is the primary organ of detoxification.
Vitaminquick Reviews | Vitamin B12 and Folic Acid Deficiency and Homocysteinimia
Vitaminquick Reviews | Vitamin B12 and Folic Acid Deficiency and HomocysteinimiaVitaminquick Reviews
Vitamin B12 and Folic Acid Deficiency and Homocysteinimia is main topic here by Vitaminquick Reviews for people to aware them.vitamins and its chemistry
Physiological Function of Vitamins and their chemistry
vitamin A and b complex, vitamin C, E, and cyanocobalamin
vitamins%20edit.pptx
Vitamins are small organic molecules required in small amounts that are not synthesized by the body. They are classified as either fat-soluble or water-soluble. Fat-soluble vitamins are stored in the liver while water-soluble vitamins are not stored, except for vitamin B12, and are excreted in urine. Vitamins function as coenzymes and are essential for growth, maintenance and reproduction, with deficiencies leading to diseases like beriberi, pellagra, or megaloblastic anemia.
Vitamin by tkvs
This document discusses vitamin B1 (thiamine). It defines vitamins and provides information on the chemistry, dietary sources, deficiency symptoms, and physiological significance of vitamin B1. Key points include: vitamin B1 enables the body to use carbohydrates as energy and plays a role in nerve, muscle, and heart function; common dietary sources include cereals, pulses, nuts, and pork; deficiency can cause beri-beri and symptoms like weakness; and the active form, thiamine pyrophosphate, is important for glucose metabolism and energy releasing reactions.
VITAMINS .pdf
This document provides an overview of vitamins and minerals. It begins by defining vitamins and their roles in the body before classifying them as either fat-soluble or water-soluble. Specific fat-soluble vitamins like A, D, E and K are then described in more detail along with their structures and functions. The document also examines key water-soluble vitamins including the B vitamins and vitamin C. It discusses how many vitamins act as coenzymes in the body. Finally, it characterizes minerals as essential inorganic elements and differentiates between macro-minerals and micro-minerals and their critical functions.
Vitamins- steps to healthier you
This document provides information about various vitamins. It discusses 13 vitamins - thiamine (B1), riboflavin (B2), niacin (B3), pantothenic acid (B5), pyridoxine (B6), biotin (B7), folic acid (B9), cyanocobalamin (B12), ascorbic acid (C), retinol (A), ergocalciferol (D), tocopherol (E), and phylloquinone (K). For each vitamin, it mentions the chemical name, sources, functions, deficiency symptoms, absorption and any relevant chemistry. The document provides details on the roles of these vitamins
Water_soluble_VITAMINS.ppt
The document discusses water-soluble vitamins. It provides details on the chemical structure, functions, dietary sources, metabolism and deficiencies of several B vitamins (thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, pantothenic acid, vitamin B6, biotin, cobalamin, folic acid) and vitamin C. The key points covered are: the B vitamins function as enzyme cofactors; deficiency of a single B vitamin is rare as poor diets often cause multiple deficiencies; and the water-soluble vitamins must be obtained regularly from the diet as they are not stored in the body for long periods.
Vitamins
Vitamins are organic compounds that are essential in small amounts for various biological functions. They are classified as either fat-soluble (A, D, E, K) or water-soluble (B complex, C). Vitamins act as coenzymes and are involved in growth, metabolism, and disease prevention. Deficiencies can cause conditions like scurvy, beriberi, and pellagra. The document discusses the chemistry, absorption, functions, sources, and deficiencies of various vitamins.
Micro
This document summarizes key aspects of several water-soluble vitamins, including their functions, absorption, clinical deficiencies, food sources, and uses for supplementation. It discusses the vitamins thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, pyridoxine, folic acid, and vitamin C, describing how each acts as a coenzyme in important metabolic processes and what health issues can result from deficiencies. Food sources rich in each vitamin are also outlined, as well as therapeutic uses for supplementation.
vitaminstypesandfunctions-171022080107 (1).pptx
Vitamins are organic compounds that are required in small amounts for various biological functions. They are classified as either fat-soluble (A, D, E, K) or water-soluble (B complex, C). Fat-soluble vitamins are absorbed with fats and stored in the liver, while water-soluble vitamins dissolve in water, are not stored, and excess is excreted in urine. Deficiencies of vitamins can cause diseases like scurvy, beriberi, and pellagra due to their roles as coenzymes in metabolic processes.
Phytol & retinol (Diterpenoids)
1. Phytol is an acyclic diterpene alcohol that can be used as a precursor for synthetic vitamin E and K1. It is liberated from chlorophyll in plant materials and converted to phytanic acid in ruminant guts or pristane in shark livers.
2. Retinol, also known as vitamin A1, is a fat-soluble vitamin found in many foods. It is used to treat and prevent vitamin A deficiency and its complications. Retinol is converted in the body to retinal and retinoic acid to carry out its visual and non-visual functions.
3. Both phytol and retinol are discussed in terms of their structures, properties
Vitamin a e
This document discusses vitamins A and E. It defines vitamins and classifies them as fat-soluble or water-soluble. For vitamin A, it describes the different forms, absorption, transport and storage in the body, and functions including vision, gene expression, cell growth and differentiation. Deficiency causes night blindness and can lead to blindness. Vitamin E is an antioxidant that protects cells and prevents sterility.
Vitamins, types, and functions
This document summarizes key information about vitamins. It defines vitamins and explains that most are not synthesized in the body and must come from diet. Vitamins are divided into two groups: fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E, and K which are stored in the liver, and water-soluble B vitamins and vitamin C which are not stored. The document then provides details on individual B vitamins, including their functions, sources, and deficiency symptoms.
VITAMINS introduction water soluble and fat soluble vitamins.pptx
The document discusses vitamins, including their classification, functions, sources, and deficiencies. It covers both water-soluble vitamins like vitamin C and B vitamins, as well as fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E, and K. Key points include:
- Vitamins are organic compounds required in small amounts that must be obtained from diet. They are classified as either water-soluble or fat-soluble.
- Water-soluble vitamins include vitamin C and B vitamins. Deficiencies can cause conditions like scurvy and beriberi. Fat-soluble vitamins are absorbed with fats and stored in the liver.
- All vitamins function as coenzymes and play important
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Riboflavin b2
- 2. INTRODUCTION Riboflavin (vitamin B2) is part of the vitamin B group and water soluble vitamin. The name of riboflavin comes from ribose and flavin, the ring moiety which imparts from the yellow colored to the oxidized molecule. Riboflavin is absorbed from the small intestines through the portal vein and is passed on to all tissues by the general circulation. Excess riboflavin ingested is not stored in the tissues. A major part is excreted in urine and a small part is broken down in the tissues.
- 3. INTRODUCTION It is the central component of the cofactors FAD and FMN and as such required for a variety of flavoprotein enzyme reactions including activation of other vitamins.
- 4. Riboflavin is a yellow pigment Riboflavin contains 6,7 – dimethyl isoalloxazine ring attached to D-ribitol by a nitrogen atom Ribitol is an open chain form of sugar ribose with aldehyde group is reduced to alcohol STRUCTURE OF RIBOFLAVIN
- 5. It emits yellow fluorescence It is stable to heat but sensitive to light When exposed to UV rays of sun light, it is converted to lumiflavin which exhibits yellow fluorescence. STRUCTURE OF RIBOFLAVIN
- 6. STRUCTURE OF RIBOFLAVIN Lactoflavin from milk Hepatoflavin from liver Ovoflavin from eggs are structurally identical to riboflavin.
- 7. ABSORPTION:
- 8. TRANSPORT:
- 17. PHYSIOLOGICAL FUNCTION Riboflavin deficiency affects primarily the octodermal tissues producing lesions of the skin, eye and nervous system. Riboflavin is concerned in the regulatory functions of some hormones involved in carbohydrate metabolism. The retina contains free riboflavin which is converted by light to a compound involved in stimulation of the optic nerve.
- 18. PHYSIOLOGICAL FUNCTION Riboflavin play an important role in many enzyme systems involved in the metabolism of carbohydrates,fats and proteins. Flavin mononucleotide(FMN) and Flavin adenine dinucleotide(FAD) are part of the enzymes or acts as coenzymes.
- 19. SOURCES AND RDA
- 20. EFFECTS OF DEFICIENCY The effects of riboflavin deficiency in human beings may be grouped under the following heads Oral and facial lesions: Development of angular stomatitis, Glossitis, cheilosis.
- 21. EFFECTS OF DEFICIENCY Ocular lesions: The eyes can become itchy, watery, bloodshot and sensitive to light.