Respiratory system
•Download as PPTX, PDF•
0 likes•130 views
This document provides information on examining the respiratory system. It outlines steps for general examination including assessing respiratory rate, rhythm, use of accessory muscles and signs of distress. Examination of the upper and lower respiratory tract is described, including inspection of the nose, mouth, chest shape and listening to breath sounds. Evaluation of the chest involves palpation of the trachea and chest wall as well as percussion and auscultation of the lungs. Common breath sounds and adventitious lung sounds are defined.
Recommended
More Related Content
What's hot
What's hot (20)
Similar to Respiratory system
Similar to Respiratory system (20)
Recently uploaded
Recently uploaded (20)
Respiratory system
- 2. General Examination • Respiratory rate: 12-16/mt • Rhythm – regular • Abnormal rhythms – Cheyne stoke’s , Kussumaul’s, biot’s • Type – abdominothoracic or thoracoabdominal • Use of accessory muscles • Respiratory paradox
- 3. • Cyanosis • Clubbing • Conjunctival congestion or suffusion • Horner’s syndrome • Facial puffiness • Dilated neck veins • Lymph nodes • Palmar erythema • Asterixis
- 4. Upper respiratory tract • Nose – DNS, mucosa, discharge, polyps, alae nasi working or not • Paranasal sinuses – tenderness • Oral cavity – hygiene, caries, nicotine stain, tonsils, posterior pharyngeal wall
- 8. Lower respiratory tract • INSPECTION: • Sitting position • Shape of chest – • Symmetry • Drooping of shoulders- • Lower level • Shorter spinoscapular distance • Prominent medial border of scapula • Trachea: • Trail’s sign
- 10. • Apical impulse • Respiratory movements
- 11. Palpation • Trachea : • Position • Tug • Apex beat • Respiratory movements • Chest expansion - >3 in male, >2.5 in female • Differential expansion • AP/Transverse diameter – normal 5:7 • Vocal fremitus • Rib crowding
- 13. Percussion • Rules : • Middle finger of left hand – pleximeter finger- closely apposed, other fingers clear from chest • Middle finger of right hand – plexor finger • Action from the wrist • Just to produce audible sound • Go from resonant to dull • Place finger parallel to border of organ • Sitting position
- 14. • Kronig’s isthmus • Anterior • Posterior • Axilla • Liver dullness • Diaphragmatic level • Cardiac dullness • Traube’s space • Mediastinal percussion • Clavicular percussion • Tidal percussion • Shifting dullness
- 15. Auscultation • Breath sounds: • Intensity – normal and equal / diminished / absent • Type – vesicular, broncho-vesicular, bronchial • Vesicular- low pitch, rustling • Bronchial – high pitch, loud, aspirate • Tubular : high pitched • Cavernous: low pitched – thick walled cavity • Amphoric : low pitched with high pitched overtones
- 16. Adventitious sounds • Crackles: non musical interrupted sounds • Rhonchi : low pitched sonorous sounds • Wheeze : high pitched musical sound - monophonic, • polyphonic • Pleural rub : scratchy, leathery to and fro sound • Stridor : laryngeal : high pitched crowy sound • Tracheal : low pitched inspiratory
- 17. Normal Breath Sounds Vesicular Bronchial
- 20. Stridor Rhonchi
- 21. PLEURAL RUB
- 22. • Vocal resonance: • Bronchophony – voice appear to be heard near earpiece • Aegophony – ‘e’ will be heard as ‘a’ • Whispering pectoriloquy: