The document outlines nine steps for writing an effective research paper, emphasizing the importance of organization and clarity. It includes specific actions at various levels, such as changing the order of sections, paragraphs, and sentences, as well as ensuring logical flow and supporting claims with citations. Finally, it stresses the necessity for transparency by providing a title and referencing original sources.

1. Research Paper Writing
9 STEPS FOR A MAGIC PAPER

2. STEP 1: Copy
1. Copy everything exactly
2. Record the source (APA style reference)

3. STEP 2: Change Order of Sections
1. Rearrange the order of sections of the entire
paper.
2. Make sure that the new order of ideas is
logical.
3. Make sure that the new order of ideas is easy
to understand.

4. STEP 3: Change Order of Sentences
1. Rearrange the order of paragraphs in each
section of the entire paper.
2. Make sure that the new order of ideas is
logical.
3. Make sure that the new order of ideas is easy
to understand.

5. STEP 4: Paragraph-level Changes
1. Rearrange the order of sentences in each
paragraph.
2. Separate a different idea into a different
paragraph
3. Make sure that the new order of ideas is
logical and easy to understand.

6. STEP 5: Sentence-level Changes
1. Split a complex sentence into simple
sentences.
2. Exchange subject and predicate (passiveactive voice)
3. Change nouns, verbs, adjectives & adverbs
into synonyms with the same meaning.

7. STEP 6: Sentence-level Changes (2)
1. Add supporting details (with sources) where
possible.
2. Clarify what is not very clear; simplify
anything that is not simple.
3. Delete what is not necessary.

8. STEP 7: Sentence-level Changes (3)
1. Use quote marks for ideas that cannot be
changed.
2. Cite and reference all quoted ideas.
3. Delete facts and opinions with no support or
proof; cite and refer all support and proof.

9. STEP 8: Sentence-level Changes (4)
1. If the original source used sources, change
these sources if possible.
2. If you cannot find new sources to support the
old ideas, re-check the old sources.
3. In either case, make sure that the reference is
a live link that the teacher can check
immediately.

10. STEP 9: Statement of Transparency
1. Write centered title on a separate page:
Statement of Transparency
2. Write
This report/paper/essay/proposal is based on....
3. And then, cite and refer to the original
source.