Reported speech (indirect speech)
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1) Reported or indirect speech is used to report what another person has said without using their exact words. Pronouns, verb tenses, place and time expressions may need to be changed depending on whether a statement is being reported. 2) When reporting statements, pronouns often need to be changed depending on who is speaking. Verb tenses also need to be changed if the statement is being reported in the past tense through a process called "backshifting." 3) Place and time expressions referenced in direct speech also often need to be altered to reflect when the statement is being reported rather than when it was originally said.
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The document provides information about reported speech. It discusses how tenses, time/place expressions, and pronouns change when converting direct speech to reported speech. It also discusses how questions, statements, and requests are structured in reported speech using verbs like "say", "tell", "ask", and "order". Examples are given to show the differences between direct and reported speech.
report speech, indefinite pronouns
Este documento resume varios conceptos gramaticales en inglés como el estilo indirecto o reported speech, el presente participio y su uso como adjetivo o verbo, el pasado participio y su uso para formar tiempos verbales, el modal auxiliary verb "should" y sus usos, pronombres personales e indefinidos. Explica cada uno de estos conceptos con ejemplos para ilustrar sus usos y formas.
Reported speech and reporting verbs for Upper-Intermediate levels
The document provides information on how to change direct speech to indirect speech in English. It discusses changing verb tenses, pronouns, time and place expressions, question forms, conditional statements, exclamations, and reporting verbs when converting direct to indirect speech.
Reported speech, statements, questions, requests
1. The document describes the rules for changing direct speech into indirect speech in English. It explains how to change verb tenses, pronouns, time/place expressions, and question forms.
2. Key changes include changing present tenses to past, changing pronouns like "I" to "he/she", and changing words like "here" and "now" to "there" and "then". Question word order is maintained but question marks are only used with introductory phrases.
3. Reporting verbs are categorized based on whether they are followed by clauses with "if/whether", "that", or "to-infinitives". Common reporting verbs and their structures are listed for different
Reported Speech
The document discusses reported speech, which is used to report what someone else said in the past. It explains the typical changes that are made when moving from direct to reported speech, such as changing verb tenses, pronouns, and time/place expressions. Examples are provided to illustrate how different types of statements, questions, commands, suggestions and requests would be reported. Reported speech allows one to retell past conversations and statements indirectly.
Reported speech
This document provides an overview of how to change direct speech into reported or indirect speech. It discusses how to change verb tenses, pronouns, time and place expressions, and other elements when moving from direct to reported speech. Reporting verbs are categorized based on whether they are reporting statements, questions, commands, suggestions, or advice. Verb tense changes and exceptions are also outlined.
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Reported speech and reporting verbs for Upper-Intermediate levels
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Similar to Reported speech (indirect speech)
Reported speech
Reported speech is used to tell someone else what another person said. When using reported speech, verb tenses and pronouns often change. Verb tenses in reported speech typically change to past tenses, pronouns change according to who is speaking, and words referring to time and place may require adjustment. For example, direct speech saying "I am going to the store" would become reported speech as "She said that she was going to the store."
Presentación1 carranza
The document provides instruction on English grammar tenses and structures, including the present simple, present continuous, be to + infinitive, reported speech, past tense, past continuous, passive voice, and putting sentences into the passive voice. Examples are given for each grammar point to illustrate usage.
direct indirect speech
There are two ways to report what someone says: direct speech and indirect (reported) speech. Direct speech uses the exact words of the speaker within quotation marks, while indirect speech reports the meaning without using the exact words. When changing from direct to indirect speech, there are typically changes to tense, pronouns, adverbs of time and place, and verbs depending on whether the original statement was affirmative, interrogative, imperative, or exclamatory.
13lessonno-161001121801.pdf
There are two ways to report what someone says: direct speech and indirect (reported) speech. Direct speech uses the exact words of the speaker within quotation marks, while indirect speech conveys the meaning without using the exact words. When changing statements, interrogative sentences, imperative sentences, and exclamatory sentences from direct to indirect speech, there are standard changes that are made including changing the verb tense, pronouns, and adverbs of time and place.
Direct and indirect speech
This presentation provides an overview of direct and indirect speech. It defines direct speech as using exact quotations and indirect speech as reporting someone's words without using quotations. The key differences are that indirect speech involves changing pronouns and verb tenses, as well as expressions of time. Rules for these changes are explained in detail, including examples to illustrate backshifting tenses, changing pronouns, and cases where backshifting does not apply. A review section summarizes the main points and includes practice examples to check understanding.
Directandindirectspeechthemed1 131017180051-phpapp02
This document discusses direct and indirect speech. Direct speech uses quotation marks to report the exact words spoken, while indirect speech does not have to be word-for-word and does not use quotation marks unless reporting exactly. When changing statements, questions, exclamations or imperatives to indirect speech, verbs change to the past tense and other modifications may occur such as changing pronouns, adverbs of time and place, and the type of verb used depending on the sentence type. Examples are provided to illustrate how direct speech is changed to indirect speech based on these rules.
Spoken English Advanced Session 20 - Indirect Speech - Ash Vyas
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Narration/ Reported Speech
Rules of Reported Speech, Mnemonic for reported speech, poem on reported speech, Easy way to learn the rules of Narration
Direct and indirect Narration
- There are two ways to report someone's words: direct speech and indirect speech.
- Direct speech uses quotation marks and reports the exact words. Indirect speech does not use quotation marks and changes pronouns, verb tenses, and adverbs of time and place.
- Punctuation like commas and capitalization is used differently between direct and indirect speech. Indirect speech also uses conjunctions like "that."
REPORTED SPEECH - A QUICK GUIDE
The document provides a quick guide to reported speech, which refers to sentences that report what someone has said. It explains that in reported speech, verb tenses, pronouns, time expressions, and place expressions are changed. Specifically, it notes that verbs are shifted back one tense, pronouns and possessives change to reflect the new subject, and temporal and locative expressions are adjusted. Examples are given to illustrate these changes. Reporting verbs like "say", "tell", and others expressing intention or admission are also discussed.
Reported Speech June 20th.pptx
Reported speech is a way of relaying what someone said without using their exact words. It involves changing verb tenses, pronouns, and other elements to reflect reporting someone's speech indirectly rather than directly quoting them. For example, the direct speech "Sarah said, 'I am going to the movies tonight'" would become the reported speech "Sarah said that she was going to the movies that night." Key aspects of reported speech include changing verb tenses back one tense, adjusting pronouns, and using reporting verbs like "say" or "tell" to introduce the reported information.
Emypresentationdirectindirectnarration 100518150039-phpapp01
This presentation discusses the differences between direct and indirect narration. Direct narration reports the exact words spoken without changes, while indirect narration does not report the exact words and changes pronouns, tenses, and other elements according to standard rules. The presentation outlines these rules for changing reported speech based on tense, pronouns, question forms, imperatives, exclamations, wishes, and mixed sentence types. Examples are provided to illustrate how direct speech is transformed into indirect speech based on these guidelines.
Reported speech
Reported speech, also known as indirect speech, refers to conveying the words spoken by someone else without using their exact words. There are two main types: direct speech, which uses quotation marks to indicate someone's exact words, and indirect (reported) speech, which changes pronouns, tenses, and other aspects of the original statement. In reported speech, the word "that" is often used to introduce the statement, quotation marks are not used, and pronouns and verb tenses are changed according to rules such as changing "now" to "then" and present to past tense if the reporting verb is in the past. The second part of an indirect speech statement is specifically called the reported speech.
5e.Reported Speech Theory And Changes
Reported speech is used to report what someone said without using their exact words. Pronouns and verbs change to reflect that the statement is no longer being quoted directly. For example, changing "He said, 'I can't fix it myself'" to "He said he couldn't fix it himself." Questions, commands, and other speech are also adjusted when reported, such as changing a question's word order and removing the question mark. Verb tenses may change depending on the reporting verb used.
5e
Reported speech is used to report what someone said without using their exact words. Pronouns and verbs change to reflect that the statement is no longer being quoted directly. For example, changing "He said, 'I can't fix it myself'" to "He said he couldn't fix it himself." Questions, commands, and other speech are also adjusted when reported, such as changing a question's word order and removing the question mark. Verb tenses may change depending on the reporting verb.
direct and indirect speech
The document discusses the differences between direct and reported speech. It explains that reported speech is when you tell someone else what was said previously. It covers how to change pronouns, tenses, places, times and other elements when converting a statement, question or request from direct to reported speech. Examples are provided to illustrate the typical changes that are made in reported speech, such as changing pronouns, backshifting tenses, and altering place or time expressions.
GRAMMAR SECONDARY 2_direct-and-indirect-speech-ppt.pptx
The document explains the differences between direct and indirect speech. Direct speech uses quotation marks to report the exact words spoken. Indirect speech does not use quotation marks and reports the general idea of what was said rather than the exact words. When changing direct speech to indirect speech, pronouns and verb tenses may need to be changed depending on the context. The document provides examples and rules for accurately changing between direct and indirect speech.
Reported Speech
Reported speech is used to report what someone said without using their exact words. Pronouns, verbs, and other elements change based on reporting rules. For example, "I" becomes "he/she" and present tense verbs become past tense. Questions are reported without question marks and using "ask" plus the question word. Commands are reported using a reporting verb like "tell" followed by a to-infinitive form of the verb.
Direct and indirect speech .pdf
We use direct and indirect speech (quoted speech) to convey the speaker's words without any changes or sometimes with some changes. There are two different times/occasions when we need to speak differently. 1st face-to-face. When there are two persons or groups of people talking about anything require active and passive voice sentences. Like I want to speak English. I went to the park yesterday. In these situations, two persons are involved. For Instance:
First-person pronoun and second-person pronoun: “I, we & you.”
But sometimes we needed to share stories, describe events, or report something about the past. On such occasions, we use direct and indirect speech. And mostly third-person pronoun is involved.
Direct_and_indirect speech.ppt
This document provides information about direct and indirect speech. It defines direct speech as words spoken by a person within quotation marks, and indirect speech as paraphrasing what someone said without quotation marks. The document then discusses the differences between direct and indirect speech, including how to change direct speech to indirect speech by adjusting pronouns, verb tenses, punctuation and quotation marks. Rules for questions, imperatives, modals and tense changes are also outlined. Examples are provided to illustrate these concepts and rules for converting between direct and indirect speech.
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Syllabus
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Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
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Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
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Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
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Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
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Reported speech (indirect speech)
- 1. Reported Speech (Indirect Speech) Statements
- 2. • We report what another person has said, we usually do not use the speaker’s exact words (direct speech), but reported (indirect) speech. Therefore, you need to learn how to transform direct speech into reported speech. The structure is a little different depending on whether you want to transform a statement, question or request.
- 3. Statements • When transforming statements, check whether you have to change: • pronouns • present tense verbs (3rd person singular) • place and time expressions • tenses (backshift)
- 4. Type Example direct speech “I speak English.” reported speech He says that he speaks English. (no backshift) reported speech He said that he spoke English. (backshift)
- 5. Pronouns • In reported speech, you often have to change the pronoun depending on who says what. Example: She says, “My mum doesn’t have time today.” She says that her mum doesn’t have time today.
- 6. Tenses No backshift •Do not change the tense if the introductory clause is in Simple Present (e. g. He says). Note, however, that you might have to change the form of the present tense verb (3rd person singular). Example •He says, “I speak English.” – He says that he speaks English. Backshift •You must change the tense if the introductory clause is in Simple Past (e. g. He said). This is called backshift. Example •He said, “I am happy.” – He said that he was happy.
- 7. Tense Changes Direct Speech Reported Speech Simple Present Simple Past Present Progressive Past Progressive Simple Past Past Perfect Simple Present Perfect Simple Past Perfect Simple Past Progressive Past Perfect Progressive Present Perfect Progressive Past Perfect Progressive Future I (going to) was / were going to Future I (will) Conditional I (would) Conditional I (would)
- 8. Place and Time expressions • For place and time expressions you have to check whether place and time are the same in direct and reported speech or not.
- 9. Direct Speech Reported Speech today that day now then yesterday the day before … days ago … days before last week the week before next year the following year tomorrow the next day / the following day here there this that these those