Voice refers to whether the subject of a sentence performs an action (active voice) or receives an action (passive voice). In the active voice, the subject performs the action and the object receives it. In the passive voice, the object becomes the subject and the subject is either not mentioned or follows the verb in a prepositional phrase using "by". The passive voice forms require a linking verb like "be" and the past participle form of the main verb. Passive voice transformations can occur for all verb tenses and with modal verbs. Examples are provided to demonstrate active and passive voice sentences.

2.  voice
 Active voice
Passive voice
Sentence Structures
Passive of imperative sentences
 Forms of passive verbs
General Rule According To Tense
Examples
 Activity
 Review

3. Voice is the quality of a verb which indicates
whether the subject acts or is being acted upon.
 Active voice
 Passive voice

4. The voice used to indicate that the grammatical subject
of the verb is performing the action or causing the
happening denoted by the verb.
 The boy hit the ball.
 Active voice adds clarity and places responsibility
where it belongs
 Active voice can make our writing more vivid

5. The voice used to indicate that the grammatical subject of
the verb is the recipient (not the source) of the action
denoted by the verb.
 The ball was hit. (Or, "The ball was hit by the boy")
 If the action is more important then the agent.
 If the agent is not known.
 To connect ideas in different clauses or sentences more
clearly.

6. Subject ( Doer ) + Verb + Object
Cat eat fish.
The active object becomes the passive
subject.
subject + auxiliary verb (be) + main verb (past participle)
Fish is eaten by cat.
subject + modal verb + auxiliary verb (be) + main verb (past participle)
Fish must be eaten by cat.

7. MODALS
Active Voice Passive Voice
• Should take
• Can take
• Could take
• May take
• Might take
• Must take
• Ought to take
• Should be taken
• Can be taken
• Could be taken
• May be taken
• Might be taken
• Must be taken
• Ought to be taken

8. let + subject +be (not) +past participle
Active : Shut the door.
Passive : Let the door be shut.
Active : Kindly help him.
Passive : You are requested to help him.

9. The passive voice requires a "double verb"
I. linking verb
 am
 is
 are
 was
 were
 be
 being
 been
II. The main verb in the form of past participle

10.  Often passive voice sentences will contain a preposition
NOUNS
Active Voice Passive Voice
• I
• We
• You
• He
• She
• It
• They
• Sham
• By me
• By us
• By you
• By him
• By her
• By it
• By them
• By sham
"by" .

11. Tense Active Voice Passive Voice
Simple
Present
• Take
• Takes
• Is taken
• Are taken
Present
Continuous
• Am taking
• Is taking
• Are taking
• Is being taken
• Are being taken
Present
Perfect
• Has taken
• Have taken
• Has been taken
• Have been
taken

12. Tense Active Voice Passive Voice
Simple
Past
• Took
• Was taken
• Were taken
Past
Continuous
• Was taking
• Were taking
• Was being taken
• Were being
taken
Past
Perfect
• Had taken • Had been taken

13. Tense Active Voice Passive Voice
Simple
Future
(will/shall)
• Will take
• Shall take
• Will be taken
• Shall be taken
Simple
Future
(going to be)
• Am going to take a
cake
• She is going to take
two cakes
• They are going to
take a cake
• Cake is going to be taken
by me
• Two cakes are going to
be taken by her
• Cake is going to be taken
by them
Future
Perfect
• Will have
taken
• Will have been
taken

16. Change the sentences below to the passive
voice.
My uncle looks after me.  I am looked after by my uncle.
Someone must have
stolen the necklace.
 The necklace must have
been stolen by you.
 Inform the police.  Let the police be informed.
 The boys are running a race.  A race is being run by the
boys.

17. is the quality of a verb which indicates whether the subject acts
or is being acted upon.
the voice used to indicate that the grammatical
subject of the verb is performing the action or causing the
happening denoted by the verb.
The voice used to indicate that the
grammatical subject of the verb is the recipient (not the
source) of the action denoted by the verb.

18. Subject ( Doer ) + Verb + Object
subject + auxiliary verb (be) + main verb (past participle)
let + subject +be (not) +past participle

19.  Simple Present
 Present Continuous
 Present Perfect
 Simple past
 Past Continuous
 Past Perfect
 Simple Future
 Future perfect

20.  http://www.towson.edu/ows/index.htm (Towson university)
 http://forum.jamali4u.com/index.php ( a forum)
 http://staff.jccc.net/pmcqueen/tips/voice.htm
 Essential English Grammar (book)

22. .