The document discusses five English causative verbs: let, make, have, get, and help. Causative verbs cause something else to happen. Let permits something to happen. Make forces or requires someone to take an action. Have gives someone else the responsibility to do something. Get convinces or encourages someone to do something. Help assists someone in doing something. Examples are provided for how each verb is used in sentences.
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2. Causative
The English verbs let, make, have, get,
and help are called causative verbs
because they cause something else to
happen.
Here are some specific examples of
how causative verbs work in English
sentences.
4. “LET = Permit something to happen”
Examples:
I don’t let my kids watch violent movies.
Mary’s father won’t let my sister adopt a puppy because
she’s allergic to dogs.
Our boss doesn’t let us eat lunch at our desks; we have to
eat in the cafeteria.
Oops! I wasn’t paying attention while I was cooking, and I
let the food burn.
Please don’t let the cat drink all the milk.
5. Notes about
“LET”
Remember: The past tense of let is also let;
there is no change!
Note: The verbs allow and permit are more formal
ways to say “let.” However, with allow and permit,
we use to + verb:
• I don’t allow my kids to watch violent movies.
• Our boss doesn’t permit us to eat lunch at our
desks.
6. “MAKE = Force or require someone
to take an action”
Examples:
After Billy broke the neighbor’s window, his parents made
him pay for it.
My ex-boyfriend loved sci-fi and made me watch every
episode of his favorite show.
The teacher made all the students rewrite their papers,
because the first drafts were not acceptable.
7. Important things about
MAKE
When using the verbs require and force, we must use
to + verb.
Examples:
• The school requires the students to wear
uniforms. (Require often implies that there is a rule)
• The hijacker forced the pilots to take the plane in a
different direction. (Force often implies violence, threats, or
extremely strong pressure)
8. “Have = Give someone else the
responsibility to do something”
Examples Structure # 1:
Have + Person + Verb (Base Form)
I’ll have my assistant call you to reschedule the
appointment.
The businessman had his secretary make copies of the
report.
9. “Have = Give someone else the
responsibility to do something”
Examples Structure # 2:
Have + Thing + Verb (Past Participle)
I’m going to have my hair cut tomorrow.
We’re having our house painted this weekend.
Bob had his teeth whitened; his smile looks great!
My washing machine is broken; I need to have it repaired.
10. Remember: In informal speech, we
often use GET in these cases.
I’m going to get / have my hair cut tomorrow.
We’re getting / having our house painted this weekend.
Bob got / had his teeth whitened; his smile looks great!
My washing machine is broken; I need to get / have it
repaired.
11. “GET = Convince or Encourage
someone to do something”
Examples:
How can we get all the employees to arrive on time?
My husband hates housework; I can never get him to wash
the dishes!
I was nervous about eating sushi, but my brother got me to
try it at a Japanese restaurant.
You´ve got to get your students do the exam in less than 30
minutes.
12. “HELP = Assist someone in doing
something”
Grammatical structure:
HELP + PERSON + VERB (base form)
HELP + PERSON + TO + VERB
After “help,” you can use “to” or not – both ways are correct.
In general, the form without “to” is more common:
• He helped me carry the boxes.
• He helped me to carry the boxes.
• Reading before bed helps me relax.
• Reading before bed helps me to relax.
13. Reviewing Grammar Structures
Grammatical structures:
1. LET + PERSON / THING + VERB (base form)
2. MAKE + PERSON + VERB (base form)
3. HAVE + PERSON + VERB (base form)
4. HAVE + THING + PAST PARTICIPLE OF VERB
5. GET + PERSON + TO + VERB
6. HELP + PERSON + VERB (base form)
7. HELP + PERSON + TO + VERB
