The document provides details about the Papal Archbasilica of Saint John in Lateran in Rome, Italy. It discusses the church's historical background as the first church built in Rome and the cathedral of the Pope. The document describes the architectural structures of the Lateran Palace and Basilica both externally and internally. It includes floor plans and provides information on the types of materials and ornamentation used like marble statues of the Apostles and stucco decorations.

1.  NAME: Boon Li Ying
 STUDENT ID: 0323839
 MODULE: Effective Public Communication [COM 30103]
 SESSION: September 2015
 LECTURER: Mohd Ridhwan Abdullah
 SUBMISSION DATE: 20 January 2016
SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE, BUILDING AND DESIGN
Foundation in Natural & Built Environment (FNBE)
Individual Assignment
(Oral Presentation)

2. Religious Building Around The World
Rome, Italy

3. Papal Archbasilica of Saint John in Lateran
“Arcibasilica Papale Di San Giovanni In Laterano”

4. A. Historical Background
 the first church to be built in Rome
 the cathedral church of Rome
 the cathedral of the bishop of Rome, the Pope (the head of the
Catholic Church)
 the oldest and ranks first among the five Papal Basilicas of the
world
 the first among the four major basilicas of Rome, which are St.
Peter’s Basilica, St. Mary Major and St. Paul’s outside the Walls
 built by Constantine the Great in the 4th century

5. A. Historical Background
 This site was occupied by the palace belonging to the rich
Laterani family in ancient times
 P. Sextius Lateranus, was the first to attain the rank of consul
 The palace was confiscated because of Plautius Lateranus
accused of conspiracy against the emperor in the time of Nero
 The palace came eventually into the hands of Constantine, the
first Christian emperor but it became Imperial property when
Constantine I married Fausta (the sister of his enemy
Maxentius), and was eventually given to the Bishop of Rome
 So, Lateran Palace become the official residence of the Pope

6. A. Historical Background
 A first basilica was built, right next to the Lateran
Palace
 It was consecrated ten years later by Pope Sylvester I
 The church was sacked twice in the fifth century but
rebuilt soon
 It was damaged by an earthquake but once again it was
rebuilt
 The Lateran Palace and the church were severely
damaged by fire
 So, the Palace and Basilica were reconstructed to
various degrees several times before the 16th century

7. B. Structure of The Buildings (Exterior)
 Lateran Palace
 Main entrance is on the north
side
 There are three storeys,
rendered in orange ochre
 The first storey has windows
with floating cornices, while
the other two storeys have
alternate triangular and
segmentally pedimental
windows.

8. B. Structure of The Buildings (Exterior)
 Basilica
 There are five doors in the
narthex, one for each nave
 Five naves divided by
massive columns that support
large arches
 Occupied by a semi-circular
apse ten metres deep

9. B. Structure of The Buildings (Exterior)
 There was a central nave with
two side aisles on each side with
each side aisle being half the
width of the central nave
 The inner side aisles were the
same length as the central nave,
but the outer side aisles were ten
metres shorter and ended at a
pair of large rectangular
chambers which protruded
beyond the external side walls
on each side
 There are five large external
chapels off the nave side aisles

10. B. Structure of The Buildings (Exterior)
 The colossal eastern façade of St. John Lateran is probably the most
recognizable part of this basilica
 topped with fifteen large travertine statues, each seven meters tall
 The central is Jesus Christ , flanked by St. John the Baptist and St.
John the Evangelist while the others statues represent Fathers of the
Church

11. B. Structure of The Buildings (Exterior)
 Loggia of Benedictions
 at the north façade which is the end
of the transept
 the edifice has two structurally
identical storeys, each with five
large arched portals and separated
by pilasters with a painted ceiling
 flanked by two medieval bell towers

12. B. Structure of The Buildings (Exterior)
 Cloisters
 accessible from the left
transept
 is an intermediate style
between Romanesque
and Gothic
 adorned with unique
spiral columns of inlaid
marble and contain
many early Christian
fragments from the
basilica

13. B. Structure of The Buildings (Interior)
 The Central Nave
 the main nave, from the main entrance to the throne, towards the end of the apse
 flanked by two aisles on each side and ending in a semi-circular apse to the west
 stands over the Papal Altar and the beautiful gothic style baldachin, which is
located towards the top of the altar

14. B. Structure of The Buildings (Interior)
 The Apse
 decorated with large
mosaics
 depicting Christ
surrounded by nine
seraphim

15. B. Structure of The Buildings (Interior)
 The Papal Cathedra
(throne of the Pope)

16. B. Structure of The Buildings (Interior)
 ceiling of the Loggia of
Benedictions
 decorated with fresco of Saints
and Angels

17. B. Structure of The Buildings (Interior)
 decorative floor

18. B. Layout of The Buildings
 Basic plan of the basilica, St John in Lateran

19. B. Layout of The Buildings (Floor Plan)

20. B. Layout of The Buildings
 1. Apse
 2. Transept 1
 3. Transept 2
 4. Nave 1
 5. Nave 2
 6. Chapel Column
 7. Lancellotti Chapel
 8. Corsini Chapel
 9. Cloister
 10. Baptistery
 11. Baptistery Chapel
 12. Exterior (North)
 13. Exterior (East)
http://www.vatican.va/various/basiliche/san_giovanni/vr_tour/index-it.html

21. C. Types of Ornamentation Used
 12 niches in the walls of the nave
 12 sculptures of Apostles, of greater than life-size to be placed in the niches
 selected from among the most prominent late Baroque sculptors in Rome

22. C. Types of Ornamentation Used
St. Andrew St. James the GreaterSt. Bartholomew St. James the Lesser

23. C. Types of Ornamentation Used
St. PaulSt. Jude ThaddeausSt. John St. Matthew

24. C. Types of Ornamentation Used
St. Philip St. Thomas St. SimonSt. Peter

25. D. Types of Materials Used
 decorated with the
colossal marble
statues of the
Apostles

26. D. Types of Materials Used
 decorated with gold coffered ceiling

27. D. Types of Materials Used
 the Lancellotti Chapel
 decorated with the stucco
angels, putti, medallion
and garlands of stucco
roses above the altar niche

28. D. Types of Materials Used
 most of the Lancellotti
Chapel dome decorate
with stucco work

29. E. Other relevant information
 Lateran Obelisk
 is the tallest obelisk in
Rome, and the largest
standing Egyptian obelisk
in the world
 located at the north-west
of the basilica

30. E. Other relevant information
 Lateran Baptistery
 is the oldest baptistery in
Rome
 located next to St. John
Lateran and the Lateran
Palace

31. E. Other relevant information
Location of St. John in Lateran

32. References
 1. http://www.vatican.va/various/basiliche/san_giovanni/index_it.htm
 2. http://romanchurches.wikia.com/wiki/San_Giovanni_in_Laterano
 3. http://www.sacred-destinations.com/italy/rome-san-giovanni-laterano
 4. http://www.aviewoncities.com/rome/sangiovanniinlaterano.htm
 5. http://www.digital-images.net/Gallery/Scenic/Rome/Churches/Lateran/lateran.html
 6. http://www.piercedhearts.org/treasures/holy_sites/st_john_lateran.htm

33. THANK
YOU