There are two types of relative clauses: 1) Defining relative clauses (DR) provide essential information to identify the noun. 2) Non-defining relative clauses (NDR) provide non-essential information about the noun. DR clauses use pronouns like who and that, while NDR clauses can also use which. Relative pronouns like who, which, whose, what, why, when and where are used in both types of clauses to link information back to the noun. Prepositions are typically placed at the end of clauses, though some styles place them before the pronoun.

1. RELATIVE CLAUSES: 1) DEFINING 2) NON-DEFINING

2. DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSES (DR) SHE LIKES PEOPLE WHO ALWAYS TELL THE TRUTH

3. NON-DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSES (NDR) MY FRIEND ANDREW, WHO IS SCOTTISH , PLAYS THE BAGPIPES

4. DR CLAUSES MORE COMMON IN SPOKEN LANGUAGE

5. NDR CLAUSES MORE COMMON IN WRITTEN LANGUAGE

10. OTHER RELATIVE PRONOUNS WHICH WHOSE WHAT WHY WHEN WHERE

16. AND FINALLY...