This document discusses several organic chemistry rearrangement reactions including Fries rearrangement, Hoffmann rearrangement, pinacol pinacolone rearrangement, ozonolysis, Beckmann rearrangement, and the formation of phenols from hydroperoxides. It was produced by a group of three students, Aqeel Asif, Naqash Saeed, and Hafiz Luqman Khalil, for a project on rearrangements in organic chemistry. Diagrams of the mechanisms were shown on a whiteboard.

1. IN THE NAME OF
ALMIGHTY ALLAH
WHO IS THE
MOST MERCIFUL
AND THE MOST
BENEFICENT.

2. TOPIC
Rearrangements in
Organic Chemistry

3. GROUP MEMBERS
Aqeel Asif 072
Naqash Saeed 064
Hafiz Luqman Khalil 032

4. FRIES REARRANGEMENT
 When esters of phenol are heated with a
Lewis acid (AlCl3), then the acyl group
migrates from the phenolic oxygen to an
ortho or para position of the ring. Thus
yielding a more stable product i.e Ketone.
This reaction is called Fries Rearrangement.

5. HOFFMANN REARRANGEMENT
 The Hoffmann rearrangement is the organic
reeaction of a primary amide to a primary
amine with one fewercarbon atom.

6. PINACOL PINACOLONE
REARRANGEMENT
 In pinacol pinacolone rearrangement,1,2 diol
called pinacol is dehydrated in presence of
sulpuric acid to from pinacolone.
 Since the starting material is pinacol and the
product is pinacolone so this reaction is
called pinacol pinacolone rearrangement.
 Its mechanism is shown on white board.

7. OZONLYSIS
 In ozonolysis, ozone react with alkenes to
form unstable molozonide and then after
rearranging it forms ozonide. This unstable
ozonide reduces in the presence of water
and Zn to form carbonyl compounds.
 Its mechanism is shown on white board.

8. BECKMANN REARRANGEMENT
 Ketone is treated with hydroxyl amine in the
presence of an acid to produce ketoxime.
Ketone is an intermediate, so it will rearrange
itself to N-alkyl amide in the presence of an
acid.

9. FORMATION OF PHENOLS FROM
HYDROPEROXIDES
 Benzene is alkylated with propylene to yield
cumene, which is oxidized with air to the
hydroperoxide. The latter is decomposed
with rearrangement in the presence of a
catalyst to yield phenol and a byproduct
acetone.

10. THANKS A LOT