Radiant Warmers and Incubators
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This document discusses radiant warmers and incubators used in neonatal care. Radiant warmers use overhead heating elements to provide infrared radiation and maintain a warm microenvironment for the infant. Incubators provide closed environments that reduce heat and moisture losses through conduction, radiation, and evaporation. Both systems aim to control the infant's temperature, but radiant warmers allow for more access while incubators better regulate the environment and reduce infection risks. Precautions must be taken with both to avoid overheating or hypothermia in fragile neonatal patients.
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1. Toddlers are between 1-3 years of age. Their weight quadruples from birth and they gain 10-12.5 cm in height per year.
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Kangaroo mother care (KMC) is a technique for caring for low birth weight babies that involves continuous skin-to-skin contact between the mother and baby, exclusive breastfeeding, and early discharge from the hospital. The three main components of KMC are keeping the baby in direct skin-to-skin contact with the mother in a "kangaroo position", exclusive breastfeeding to provide "kangaroo nutrition", and early discharge from and regular follow-up after the hospital to allow for "kangaroo early discharge". KMC provides benefits to both the baby and mother such as improved physiological stability, bonding, and reduced stress for the mother.
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1. Newborn resuscitation is critical to prevent the 4 million newborn deaths that occur annually, nearly all due to preventable conditions like prematurity, infection, and perinatal hypoxia.
2. Proper newborn resuscitation follows the ABCs - clear the airway, establish breathing, and maintain circulation. It requires anticipating need at every birth and having equipment ready like a self-inflating bag, masks, and suction device.
3. Steps include drying, positioning, suctioning if needed, and tactile stimulation followed by ventilation if not breathing. If the heart rate is slow, initiate chest compressions and provide medications like epinephrine if needed. Maintaining
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This document provides guidelines for spoon or paladai feeding for newborns who are unable to breastfeed directly. It indicates that this feeding method can be used for small or premature babies with good swallowing reflexes but poor sucking reflexes. The document outlines the procedure for spoon or paladai feeding, including preparing the necessary items, holding and positioning the baby, slowly feeding small amounts while ensuring swallowing, and post-feeding care steps. It notes advantages of this feeding method include reducing infection risks compared to bottle feeding, while disadvantages include delaying development of sucking reflex and reducing bonding between mother and baby.
phototherapy for nursing student
Phototherapy uses blue light to break down bilirubin in the skin of newborns with jaundice. Bilirubin absorbs light between 400-500nm, which causes it to change shape and become water soluble so it can be excreted in urine. Special phototherapy lights are placed close to the baby to lower bilirubin levels and prevent health issues. Nurses provide skin care for babies under lights and monitor fluids, temperature and bilirubin levels. Phototherapy is stopped once bilirubin drops to a safe range to avoid side effects like dehydration.
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Organization of NICU PPT
Important points in the organization of a NICU. The Aims and Objectives, Main components of NICU eg., physical facilities, personnel, equipment, laboratory facilities, procedure manual, transport of sick child and levels or grades of neonatal care.
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The document discusses procedures for collecting small specimen amounts from patients for diagnostic testing purposes. It covers urine collection from infants, stool collection, and blood collection. Proper cleaning and labeling of specimens is emphasized to avoid contamination and ensure accurate test results. Maintaining sterile technique and recording all relevant information is important when obtaining and handling specimens.
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Infant Radiant Warmer
The NWS warmers provide radiant warmth to treat infants suffering from severe heat loss. It is suitable for all environments, from labour rooms to neonatal ICUs. It provides quality care at affordable cost.
The NWS 101 is backed with by the many years of experience of PHOENIX has in designing and supplying sophisticated neonatal care equipment worldwide.
The Phoenix NWS 101 comes with an option of an attached bed or choosing a bassinet of your choice.
growth and development of Toddler
1. Toddlers are between 1-3 years of age. Their weight quadruples from birth and they gain 10-12.5 cm in height per year.
2. Their motor skills develop rapidly - by 12-13 months they can walk alone and by 18 months try to run. Fine motor skills include grasping small objects by 12 months and building towers of 6-7 blocks by age 2.
3. Cognitively, toddlers are in Piaget's preoperational stage, where thinking is based on concrete perceptions. Their language develops from 4 words at age 1 to 300 words by age 2.
Immediate care of newborn
Immediate care involves: Drying the baby with warm towels or cloths, while being placed on the mother's abdomen or in her arms. This mother-child skin-to-skin contact is important to maintain the baby's temperature, encourage bonding and expose the baby to the mother's skin bacteria
NEONATAL RESUSCITATION
Neonatal resuscitation is a series of actions to assist newborn babies having difficulty transitioning from intrauterine to extrauterine life. Approximately 10% of newborns require some assistance to begin breathing, while less than 1% require extensive resuscitation. The main goals are to initiate breathing, maintain adequate perfusion and cardiac output, and restore normal temperature. Essential equipment includes suction, bag and mask ventilation, intubation equipment and medications. The ABCs of neonatal resuscitation are maintenance of temperature, establishment of an open airway, initiation of breathing, and maintenance of circulation.
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Neonatal resuscitation is intervention provided to newborn babies who need help breathing or with circulation after birth. It involves clearing and drying the airway, maintaining body temperature, initiating breathing through tactile stimulation or positive pressure ventilation, and administering chest compressions and medications if needed to support circulation. Proper preparation includes anticipating need, having adequate equipment like a resuscitation table, masks, oxygen, and medications, and ensuring trained personnel are present. Ongoing assessment of breathing, heart rate, and color determine if further resuscitation measures are required.
Neonatal intensive care unit nicu
The document provides details on the setup and operations of a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). Key points include:
- The NICU cares for critically ill newborns and aims to reduce neonatal mortality and morbidity.
- Admission criteria includes low birth weight, birth asphyxia, jaundice, and other conditions requiring intensive monitoring and care.
- The NICU requires specialized equipment, facilities to control temperature and infection, and a high nurse to patient ratio including 1:1 for critical patients.
- Staffing includes neonatologists, nurses, technicians and other specialists available 24/7 to provide intensive care for high-risk newborns.
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This document provides instructions for weighing a baby to assess their health, nutritional, and general condition. Key steps include explaining the procedure to the mother, cleaning the scale with an alcohol swab, placing the nude baby on a sheet-covered scale while holding a hand near for safety, noting the weight, and recording it on the baby's growth chart. The goal is to accurately determine the baby's body weight to monitor their health and development.
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Started to create milestones, we Phoenix Medical Systems Pvt. Ltd. marked our presence in the year 1987 and operates in the manufacturing/servicing of Infant Care Center, LED Phototherapy, Neonatal Phototherapy Unit, Neonatal Phototherapy Unit (Blue), Infant Apnea Monitor since 24 years. Our quality services/products have always won us many appreciations from our clients. Our spontaneous performance and confident approach in offering the excellent range of Infant Care Center, LED Phototherapy, Neonatal Phototherapy Unit, Neonatal Phototherapy Unit (Blue), Infant Apnea Monitor, Apnea Monitor that has made us to deepen our roots in the market. We Phoenix Medical Systems Pvt. Ltd. breathe with the aim to satisfy our clients with our smart products/services. We are a unit of highly experienced professionals who all contribute best of their potentials to offer high efficiency.
Parshava
The Parshava Infant Care Centre features a warmer, optional CPAP and pulse oximeter modules, and weighing scale. The warmer uses infrared heating to warm babies and can be manually or automatically controlled. Observation lights turn on and off by passing a hand over the switch and can be dimmed in the same way. Vital signs are displayed on an LCD and stored for 24 hours. The baby bed can tilt and rotate in different positions. The height of the bed and warmer can be adjusted together using a foot switch. The system is designed to minimize infections with fewer parts and crevices for bacteria to breed.
Observation report NICU (New Born Intensive Care Unit) word file
The document provides information about the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) at Civil Hospital where the author was placed. It describes the objectives of the NICU as improving conditions for critically ill newborns and providing training to medical and nursing staff. It outlines the different levels of care (I, II, III) available and describes some of the key equipment used, including radiant warmers, pulse oximeters, and phototherapy units.
Drinking Milk Technology.pptx
Raw milk can contain harmful pathogens. Pasteurization and ultra-high temperature (UHT) processing are used to kill pathogens and extend shelf life. Pasteurization heats milk to 63°C for 30 minutes or 72°C for 15 seconds, while UHT heats milk to 135°C for 2-5 seconds, allowing milk to be stored unrefrigerated for months. UHT gives milk a longer shelf life and is more economical for packaging, storage, and transportation than pasteurized milk.
Dairy Pasteurization Process
The document summarizes the process of pasteurization developed by Louis Pasteur in the 1860s. It describes how Pasteur discovered that briefly heating wine at 55-60°C would kill the microorganisms causing spoilage. This technique was later adapted for milk to reduce transmission of diseases. The document then provides details on the types of pasteurization techniques used, focusing on high-temperature short-time pasteurization. It outlines the key stages of pasteurization in dairy processing, including balancing, heating, holding, and cooling the milk.
3000 transport incubators
nice NeÖtech Medical Systems Pvt. Ltd is a company established in 1997 that produces neonatal incubators and other NICU products. It has over 4000 satisfied customers. The document discusses the company's history and products. It provides details on neonatal transport incubators, including their clinical purpose in providing temperature control and protection for infants during transport. It then summarizes the features of nice Neotech's 3000 series transport incubator model.
Infant Warmer
An infant warmer is a device used to maintain the body temperature of babies. It consists of a heat source, skin temperature sensor, automatic control unit, and alarms. The heating element generates radiant energy in the far infrared region that is absorbed by the baby's skin and transfers heat to the rest of the body through increased blood flow. Major components include a heater, temperature probes, examination light, control panel, and baby bed. It has servo and manual modes to automatically or manually adjust the heater output to keep the baby's temperature at the set point. Alarms notify caregivers of issues like temperature deviations or sensor disconnections. Common brands are Airshield and Fisher&Paykel.
ASIIMWE GERALD The Production Process Of Yogurt Locally at SFTNB.pptx
This document provides information about the yoghurt production process at AsNatCo Ltd. It describes the key steps which include: (1) mixing ingredients like milk, sugar and flavors; (2) preheating and pasteurizing milk at 90°C for 10 minutes; (3) adding preservatives, flavors and yoghurt cultures after pasteurization; (4) fermenting the mixture for 5 minutes; (5) cooling to 43°C; and (6) packaging the final yoghurt product. The document also discusses pasteurizers, fermentation cans, operational skills, safety measures, troubleshooting, maintenance and cold storage facilities used in the production process.
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Heat treatment, Pasteurization, Long Life Milk Products.pptx
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Observation report NICU (New Born Intensive Care Unit) word file
Observation report NICU (New Born Intensive Care Unit) word file
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PATIENT SAFETY
The document outlines international patient safety goals and guidelines for incident reporting. It discusses 6 main safety goals, including correctly identifying patients, improving communication, and reducing healthcare-associated infections. It also defines different types of incidents like near misses, adverse events, and sentinel events. For reporting, it specifies the immediate actions required and that all incidents must be reported to the quality department within 24 hours. The purpose is to distinguish between different adverse events to improve patient safety.
NABH
The document discusses NABH (National Accreditation Board for Hospitals and Healthcare Providers), which sets standards for quality healthcare in India. It establishes that quality refers to how good or satisfying a service is, as well as meeting certain standards. Quality of care means providing treatment that benefits patients without harming them using tested methods. Accreditation involves an external review to ensure healthcare organizations comply with NABH standards. NABH has 10 chapters and over 100 standards covering both patient-centered and organization-centered areas like access to care, patient rights, infection control, and management responsibilities. Benefits of NABH accreditation include improved health outcomes, client and staff satisfaction, and a better reputation for healthcare institutions
Hospital introduction
This document provides an overview of Chaitanya Hospital, a leading institute of maternal and child healthcare in the region. It summarizes the hospital's mission to provide high quality maternal and child healthcare services with honesty and integrity. The document outlines the hospital's history since 1993, facilities and services offered, which include neonatal ICU, pediatric ICU, obstetrics, gynecology and fertility services. It also provides details on infrastructure, staffing, quality certifications and awards received, and future plans to expand to a 100 bedded superspeciality hospital.
Infection prevention and control
Standard precautions are a set of practices used to prevent transmission of infectious diseases. They include hand hygiene, use of personal protective equipment, respiratory hygiene, safe injection practices, proper handling and disposal of linens and medical waste, cleaning and disinfection, and patient placement. Standard precautions should be applied universally for all patient care regardless of diagnosis or infectious status.
Biomedical Waste
The document categorizes and describes different types of bio-medical waste according to the Bio-Medical Waste Management Rules of 2016. It outlines the yellow, red, white, and blue categories of waste. The yellow category includes human tissues, soiled waste, expired medicines, chemicals, and contaminated linens. The red category includes recyclable contaminated waste. The white category includes sharps including needles and blades. The blue category includes glassware and broken implants. The rules also specify that bio-medical waste containers must be labeled as "handle with care" and include non-washable labels.
Weight Recording
Recording weight is important for newborns and preterm babies to monitor nutrition, hydration, and growth. Weights should be recorded at birth and regularly thereafter based on guidelines. The procedure describes accurately weighing babies using a digital scale. Key steps include preparing the scale with a clean towel, removing any tubes or equipment, recording weight while still, and using consistent methods over time and between babies. Daily weights help care teams identify issues and ensure proper growth.
OG Insertion
This document provides instructions for inserting an orogastric tube and orogastric tube feeding in infants. It describes measuring and inserting the tube, confirming proper placement, and giving tube feeds. Key steps include measuring the tube length needed for insertion, gently pushing the tube into the stomach until the measurement mark is reached, checking placement by aspirating or injecting air and listening with a stethoscope, and slowly feeding the infant by gravity while closely monitoring for any signs of distress. Care must be taken to insert the tube gently and watch for apnea, bradycardia or other issues during the process.
KMC
This document discusses Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC), an approach where preterm or low birth weight infants are held skin-to-skin against the mother's chest. KMC aims to provide warmth, safety, nutrition and support to immature newborns, similar to how a kangaroo carries its joey. The document outlines the origins of KMC, components like positioning and breastfeeding, benefits like improved health outcomes and bonding, and calls for KMC to be integrated globally based on its effectiveness.
IV Canulation
This document provides guidance on intravenous cannulation and monitoring intravenous lines in newborns. It outlines the purpose, equipment, procedure, and monitoring required for IV cannulation and maintenance. Key steps include identifying a suitable vein, cleaning the skin, inserting and securing the cannula, attaching IV lines, documenting access and medications, and monitoring the site hourly for complications like infiltration, phlebitis, or clotting. Close monitoring of IV lines is emphasized to prevent complications and promote early detection and treatment if issues arise.
Im injection
This document provides instructions for intramuscular injections in newborns. It states that the anterolateral thigh is the preferred site for IM injections in newborns, not the gluteal region, due to risks of nerve injury and poor drug absorption in the underdeveloped gluteal muscles. The procedure involves preparing the syringe with the correct needle size, cleaning the injection site with alcohol, grasping the thigh muscle between the thumb and finger, injecting the drug at a 90 degree angle into the vastus lateralis muscle, and properly disposing of medical waste.
Hypothermia
This document discusses hypothermia and thermoregulation in newborns. It begins by explaining the four main mechanisms of heat loss in newborns: conduction, convection, evaporation, and radiation. It then discusses factors that determine heat loss through each mechanism. The document outlines signs and consequences of hypothermia as well as why preterm infants are more susceptible. It provides recommendations for preventing hypothermia including maintaining warmth in the delivery room and encouraging skin-to-skin contact and breastfeeding. Guidelines for warming hypothermic infants and managing more severe cases are also presented. The document concludes by briefly discussing hyperthermia and its management.
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"Learn about all the ways Walmart supports nonprofit organizations.
You will hear from Liz Willett, the Head of Nonprofits, and hear about what Walmart is doing to help nonprofits, including Walmart Business and Spark Good. Walmart Business+ is a new offer for nonprofits that offers discounts and also streamlines nonprofits order and expense tracking, saving time and money.
The webinar may also give some examples on how nonprofits can best leverage Walmart Business+.
The event will cover the following::
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LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UP
This Dissertation explores the particular circumstances of Mirzapur, a region located in the
core of India. Mirzapur, with its varied terrains and abundant biodiversity, offers an optimal
environment for investigating the changes in vegetation cover dynamics. Our study utilizes
advanced technologies such as GIS (Geographic Information Systems) and Remote sensing to
analyze the transformations that have taken place over the course of a decade.
The complex relationship between human activities and the environment has been the focus
of extensive research and worry. As the global community grapples with swift urbanization,
population expansion, and economic progress, the effects on natural ecosystems are becoming
more evident. A crucial element of this impact is the alteration of vegetation cover, which plays a
significant role in maintaining the ecological equilibrium of our planet.Land serves as the foundation for all human activities and provides the necessary materials for
these activities. As the most crucial natural resource, its utilization by humans results in different
'Land uses,' which are determined by both human activities and the physical characteristics of the
land.
The utilization of land is impacted by human needs and environmental factors. In countries
like India, rapid population growth and the emphasis on extensive resource exploitation can lead
to significant land degradation, adversely affecting the region's land cover.
Therefore, human intervention has significantly influenced land use patterns over many
centuries, evolving its structure over time and space. In the present era, these changes have
accelerated due to factors such as agriculture and urbanization. Information regarding land use and
cover is essential for various planning and management tasks related to the Earth's surface,
providing crucial environmental data for scientific, resource management, policy purposes, and
diverse human activities.
Accurate understanding of land use and cover is imperative for the development planning
of any area. Consequently, a wide range of professionals, including earth system scientists, land
and water managers, and urban planners, are interested in obtaining data on land use and cover
changes, conversion trends, and other related patterns. The spatial dimensions of land use and
cover support policymakers and scientists in making well-informed decisions, as alterations in
these patterns indicate shifts in economic and social conditions. Monitoring such changes with the
help of Advanced technologies like Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems is
crucial for coordinated efforts across different administrative levels. Advanced technologies like
Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems
9
Changes in vegetation cover refer to variations in the distribution, composition, and overall
structure of plant communities across different temporal and spatial scales. These changes can
occur natural.
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptx
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering
Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
Text Books:
1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
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Radiant Warmers and Incubators
- 1. RADIANT WARMERS AND INCUBATORS BIJAYLAXMI BEHERA
- 2. RADIANT WARMERS (OPEN CARE SYSTEM) • Intense source of radiant heat energy • Over head quartz heating element produces infra red radiation energy • Reduces conductive heat loss by providing warm microenvironment
- 3. Skin servo control • If the temperature probe is placed over brown fat deposit areas, the probe will be reading a core body temperature and not a skin temperature. • Core temperature is higher than the skin temp., the warming device will cool the environment. • The infant will then need to burn fat and calories to stay warm
- 4. RADIANT WARMER : • 2 modes-servo and manual. • SERVO MODE : • Commonly used • Microprocessor automatically increase heater output if skin temperature of infant is less than set temperature. • Alarm is activated for every 0.5oc rise in skin temperature. • MANUAL MODE : • Heater output is modified manually • Used for initial preparation of bed for the baby or for rapid warming • Axillary temperature has to be measured every 30 min till desired temperature is reached and then every 2 hrly. • More chances of over heating
- 5. RADIANT WARMER : • Warmer to be prewarmed in manual mode for 20 minutes before use • Use cling wrap to decrease insensibile heat loss esp for VLBW infants
- 6. Skin temperature Probes • Do Not lay infant on skin probe • Do not place over: – Bony prominences – Areas of brown fat deposits – Poorly vascular areas – Excoriated areas – Keep probe exposed to heat source – Keep probe securely attached
- 7. RADIANT WARMER ADVANTAGES : - Open care system / easy accessibility - Better monitoring of baby - Lesser risk of infection compared to closed incubators - Can be used as resuscitation trolley in labor rooms DISADVANTAGES : - More insensible water loss - Not uniform heating - More risk of hypothermia / hyperthermia
- 8. INCUBATORS • Closed system with heating element underneath • Reduces conductive and radiation heat loses by reducing exposure to air currents and by providing warm environment • Reduces evaporative losses by maintaining high humidity in the incubator • Radiation loses curtailed by hood
- 11. INCUBATORS ADVANTAGES: - Reduces insensible water loss - For transporting babies - Used as barrier nursing for isolating an infected baby - Incubator with rocking bed attachment provides stimulation to an apnoeic baby DISAVANTAGES : - Costlier - Less accessibility - Increase risk of infection
- 12. HAZARDS OF TEMPERATURE CONTROL METHODS • HYPERTHERMIA • UNDETECTED INFECTIONS • VOLUME DEPLETION • HYPERNATREMIA