This document provides an overview of quota sampling. It defines sampling and explains why samples are used instead of censuses. Quota sampling involves selecting a sample based on predefined quotas for certain subgroups of the population. For example, quotas may be set to interview 50 females ages 45-60. Quota sampling is a non-probability method that relies on the interviewer's selection of subjects within each quota, which can introduce bias if not chosen randomly. While quick and cheap, it is not as representative as probability methods that ensure all subgroups have a chance of selection.

1. A PRESENTATION ON “QUOTA SAMPLING”Presented By: (ARYAN’S)Abishek Kumar Ajit KumarGaganjitsingh Praveen KumarSumantoSharanSwapnilAdahalli

2. SAMPLING Sampling may be defined as the selection of some part of an aggregate or totality on the basis of which a judgement or inference about the aggregate or totality is made.

3. It is the process of obtaining information about an entire population by examining only a part of it.

4. The process of selecting sample from the population is called sampling.WHY SAMPLE ?Saves money

5. Saves time

6. A sample can be more accurate; it has fewer “nonsampling” errors than a census.TYPES OF SAMPLING

7. PROBABILITY SAMPLING Simple random sampling

8. Systematic random sampling

9. Stratified sampling

10. Cluster sampling

11. Multi-stage samplingNON-PROBABILITY SAMPLING Deliberate sampling

12. Quota sampling

13. Sequential sampling

14. Snowball sampling

15. Panel sampling

16. Shopping mall samplingQUOTA SAMPLING

17. QUOTA SAMPLING In quota sampling the selection of the sample is made by the interviewer, who has been given quotas to fill from specified sub-groups of the population. For example, an interviewer may be told to sample 50 females between the age of 45 and 60.

18. CONT…..In quota sampling the selection of the sample is non-random. For example interviewers might be tempted to interview those who look most helpful. The problem is that these samples may be biased because not everyone gets a chance of selection. This random element is its greatest weakness and quota versus probability has been a matter of controversy for many years

19. QUOTA SAMPLING….. Pre-plan number of subjects in specified categories (e.g. 100 men, 100 women)

20. In uncontrolled quota sampling, the subjects chosen for those categories are a convenience sample, selected any way the interviewer chooses

21. In controlled quota sampling, restrictions are imposed to limit interviewer’s choice

22. No call-backs or other features to eliminate convenience factors in sample selection Quota Sampling Most commonly used non-probability method Select a sample on specified criteria (usually to make similar to target population) Pick people to fill quota on characteristics especially important to research goals Example: Studying political issues, set quota on party identificationSample of 200Registered Republicans 50% Sampled Republicans 100 Registered Democrats 40% SampledDemocrats 80 Registered Independents 10% SampledIndependents 20Using quotas for several criteria Race/Ethnicity Black White Latino/a Asian Gender Gender Gender Gender Political M F M F M F M FAffiliation Democratic RepublicanIndependent

23. AdvantagesQuick and cheap to organiseDisadvantages Not as representative of the population as a whole as other sampling methods

24. Because the sample is non-random it is impossible to assess the possible sampling error Quota Vs Stratified Sampling

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