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Dislocation,sprain,strain and contusion.pptx
- 1. PRESENTATION ON DISLOCATION, SPRAIN, STRAIN AND CONTUSION PRESENTEDBY, MONAMI GHOSH ROLL NO-28 B.SC NURSING SEMESTER III SHOVA RANI NURSING COLLEGE
- 2. LEARNING OBJECTIVES • Introduction •Related Anatomy And Physiology • Dislocation Definition Types Etiology Risk factors Clinical Features Diagnostic Studies Complications • Sprain Definition Types Etiology Risk factors Pathophysiology Clinical Features Diagnostic Studies Complications
- 3. LEARNING OBJECTIVES • Strain Definition Types Etiology Risk factors Pathophysiology Clinical Features Diagnostic Studies Complications • Contusion Definition Types Etiology Risk factors Clinical Features Diagnostic Studies Complications
- 4. LEARNING OBJECTIVES • Management Medical management Pharmacological Management Non-Pharmacological Management Surgical Management • Nursing Management Nursing Diagnosis Goal Intervention Expected Outcome • Summary • Conclusion
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- 7. • It isa dynamic tissue. • It contains- Organic material Inorganic material • Classified into 4 groups- 1. Long bone 2. Short bone 3. Flat bone 4. Irregular bone • Function BONE
- 8. • It isa junction between two or more bones or cartilages. • Classified into 3 main types- 1.Synarthrotic 2.Amphiarthrotic 3.Diarthrotic JOINT
- 9. • It isa contractile tissue which brings about movements. • Classified into 3 types- 1. Smooth 2. Cardiac 3. Skeletal MUSCLE
- 10. • Ligament: It connectsbone to bone. • Tendon: It connects bone to muscle. LIGAMENTS & TENDONS
- 11.
- 12. A dislocation isan injury to a joint. It occurs when the surfaces of the bones forming the joint are dislocated. DISLOCATION This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA-NC
- 13. 1.Congenital Dislocation 2.Traumatic Dislocation 3.PathologicalDislocation 4.Paralytic Dislocation TYPES
- 14. It occurs dueto- • Genetic factor • Factors operating on the developing foetus 1. CONGENITAL DISLOCATION
- 15. It occurs dueto serious violence. 2. TRAUMATIC DISLOCATION
- 16. It occurs asa result of a disease. 3. PATHOLOGICAL DISLOCATION
- 17. It is theresult of imbalance on the muscle power. Eg- Poliomyelitis. 4. PARALYTIC DISLOCATION
- 18. • Falls • Harshhit • Pulling with force • Accidents ETIOLOGY
- 19. • Age • Accidents •Sports Participation • Heredity RISK FACTORS
- 20. • Intense pain •Deformity • Change in the length of the extremity • Loss of normal movement CLINICAL FEATURES
- 21. • Patient’s history •Physical examination • X-Ray DIAGNOSTIC STUDIES
- 22. • Traumatic arthrotomy •Fractures within the joints • Avascular Necrosis • Arthritis • Nerve and blood vessels damage COMPLICATIONS
- 23.
- 24. A sprain isan injury to the ligaments surrounding a joint. Most of the sprains occur in the ankle, wrist & knee joint. SPRAIN
- 25. 1. First DegreeSprain 2. Second Degree Sprain 3. Third Degree Sprain DEGREE
- 27. • Twisting ofjoint • Fall • Sports injury • Over stretching • Getting hit by force ETIOLOGY
- 28. • Sports participation •Age • Height • Weight RISK FACTORS
- 29. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Due to etiologicalfactor, the tensile force exerted on a muscle Excessive stretching of the muscle fibre & a tear close to the muscle-tendon junction
- 30. • Joint painor muscle pain • Swelling • Joint stiffness • Discoloration of the skin • Decrease muscle strength • Muscle cramp or spasm CLINICAL FEATURES
- 31. • Patient’s history •Physical examination • X-Ray • MRI DIAGNOSTIC STUDIES
- 32. • Hemarthrosis • Synovitis •Avulsion fracture • Reduced activity • Loss of muscle strength COMPLICATIONS
- 33.
- 34. A strain isan injury to a muscle in which the muscle fibres tear as a result of overstretching. STRAIN
- 35. 1. First DegreeStrain 2. Second Degree Strain 3. Third Degree Strain DEGREE
- 37. • Sports injury •Poor posture • Fatigue • Not warming up before physical activity • Poor flexibility • Heavy lifting ETIOLOGY
- 38. • Sports participation •Age • Heavy lifting • Falls RISK FACTORS
- 39. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Due to etiologicalfactor, Fatigue, overuse or improper use of a muscle Tearing of the muscle fibres and the tendons attached to the muscle Damage of small blood vessels, local bleeding or bruising and pain
- 40. • Swelling, bruisingor redness • Pain • Tenderness • Muscle stiffness • Muscle spasm CLINICAL FEATURES
- 41. • Patient’s history •Physical examination • X-Ray • MRI DIAGNOSTIC STUDIES
- 42. • Hemarthrosis • Synovitis •Avulsion fracture • Deep vein Thrombosis • Reduced activity • Loss of muscle strength COMPLICATIONs
- 43.
- 44. A contusion isa soft- tissue injury. It occurs when a direct blow or repeated blows from a blunt object strike part of the body, crushing underlying muscle fibres and connective tissue without breaking the skin. CONTUSION
- 45. 1. Subcutaneous contusion 2.Intramascular contusion 3. Periosteal contusion TYPES
- 46. Subcutaneous Contusion 46 It happensdirectly under the surface of the skin.
- 47. Intramascular Contusion 47 Deep tissuedamage associated with rupture of the blood vessels within the muscle fibres. contusion
- 48. Periosteal Contusion 48 Periosteum: A membranethat covers the outer surface of the bones. Blood vessels in the periosteum rupture.
- 49. • Direct orrepeated blows to a muscle • Sports injury • Arthritis • Falls • Accidents • Anticoagulant and antiplatelet medications ETIOLOGY
- 50. • Age: >50 •Anticoagulant and antiplatelet drugs • Vitamin K deficiency • Liver disease RISK FACTORS
- 51. • Tenderness • Swelling •Limited ROM • Bluish discoloration CLINICAL FEATURES
- 52. • Patient’s history •Physical examination • X-Ray • CT Scan • MRI DIAGNOSTIC STUDIES
- 53. • Deep veinthrombosis • Limited ROM • Stiffness and weakness in muscle • Hematoma COMPLICATIONs
- 54.
- 55. 1.PHARMACOLOGICAL MANAGEMENT • NSAIDs •Mild analgesics • Corticosteroid injections A. MEDICAL MANAGEMENT
- 56. 2. NON-PHARMACOLOGICAL MANAGEMENT •First Aid • Lifestyle modification • Nutritional therapy A. MEDICAL MANAGEMENT
- 57. • R= REST •I= ICE • C= COMPRESS • E= ELEVATE FIRST AID
- 58. • H= HEAT •A= ALCOHOL • R= RUNNING • M= MASSAGE LIFESTYLE MODIFICATION
- 59. • Vitamins • Calcium •Protein • Magnesium • zinc NUTRITIONAL THERAPY
- 60. • Arthroscopy • Ligamentreconstruction surgery • A bankart shoulder repair surgery B. SURGICAL MANAGEMENT
- 61.
- 62. • NURSING DIAGNOSIS •Acutepain related to soft tissue injury possibly evidenced by verbalized reports of pain, pain scale score. • GOAL • INTERVENTIONS • EXPECTED OUTCOMES • NURSING DIAGNOSIS Acute pain related to soft tissue injury possibly evidenced by verbalized reports of pain, pain scale score. • GOAL • INTERVENTIONS • EXPECTED OUTCOMES
- 63. • NURSING DIAGNOSIS •Acutepain related to soft tissue injury possibly evidenced by verbalized reports of pain, pain scale score. • GOAL • INTERVENTIONS • EXPECTED OUTCOMES • NURSING DIAGNOSIS Impaired physical mobility related to decrease muscle strength or control possibly evidenced by limited range of motion, slowed movement. • GOAL • INTERVENTIONS • EXPECTED OUTCOMES
- 64. • NURSING DIAGNOSIS •Acutepain related to soft tissue injury possibly evidenced by verbalized reports of pain, pain scale score. • GOAL • INTERVENTIONS • EXPECTED OUTCOMES • NURSING DIAGNOSIS Impaired tissue integrity related to surgical repair possibly evidenced by destroyed/ damaged tissue • GOAL • INTERVENTIONS • EXPECTED OUTCOMES
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