The document discusses Pakistan's civil service system. It outlines the four fundamental functions of public personnel management: planning, acquisition, development, and sanction. It provides details on recruitment and selection processes, training programs, compensation structures, and historical reforms to the Pakistani civil service since independence. Overall, the civil service inherited a strong system from British rule but underwent several restructuring attempts to increase political control and address issues like inefficiency and corruption.

3. • Public management in global perspective by Schiavo-campo, Salvatore
and Mcferson, HazelM.
• Bureaucracy in Pakistan by Charles H.Kannedy
• Report of International Crisis group “Reforming Pakistan's Civil
Service” Asia Report N°185 – 16 February 2010
• Pakistan: A Civil service in An Obsolescing Imperial Tradition by
GARTH N. JONES
• Daily Times News Paper on Wednesday, March 31, 2010
• NCGR Report
• Report on Revision of basic pay scales, allowances and pension of civil
employees of federal government (2005) by Finance Division

4. Government personnel management consists of four
fundamental functions:
 Planning
 Acquisition
 Development
 Sanction
(Klingner et al. 1998)

5.  Personnel requirements
 Jobs
 Pay and benefits
Recruitment and selection of personnel

6. Task of :
 Orienting
 Training
 Motivating
 Evaluating employees
 Establishment and maintenance of expectations and
obligations

7.  Different social values have led to different
personnel systems in different countries.
 In general, evolution of government personnel
systems has shown a transition from political
patronage and personalism to a merit based
system, political neutrality, continutiy, integratiy
and professionalism.

8.  Permanent ( e.g. civil service)
 Fixed term contracts
 Part time work
 Casual or contractual appointments

9.  From the dawn of the British raj, member of the bureaucracy
were divided into covenanted and un- covenanted public
servants
 later into those who were Gazetted and non Gazetted
 Afterwards it was converted into 4 classes ranging from
officer level class I, to menial level class IV
 In 1973 the ranks were reorganized into 22 national pay
grades

10. Federal Government 538 000 22.5%
Provincial
Governments
607 000 25.5%
District
Governments
1239 000 52.0%
Total : 2384000 100%
NUMBER OF PUBLIC
EMPLOYEES IN PAKISTAN

11.  Civil service
The civil service often refers to a subset of overall
government employment—the group of employees who
perform core or higher-skill tasks.

12. • One of the most organized and effective institutions which
inherited from British colonial rule was the civil service.
• In Pakistan, soon after independence, the Indian civil service
cadre war re-designated as the Pakistan Administrative service
and subsequently as the civil service of Pakistan.

13. Presently, the Civil Services of Pakistan are divided into 14 groups and
services; Out of these 14 groups and services, 11 are called groups, 03 are
called services.
Pakistan Audit and Accounts
Service
Income Tax Group (ITG)
Foreign Service of Pakistan (FSP) Information Group (IG)
Police Service of Pakistan (PSP) Customs and Excise Group (CEG
Postal Group (PG) Military Lands and cantonment Group
(MLCG)
Commerce & Trade Group(CTG) Office Management Group (OMG)
Railways Group (RG) Secretariat Group
District Management Group (DMG) Ex-Cadre Officers

14. FPSC
 Is responsible for direct recruitment to officer level positions
in the federal bureaucracy
 FPSC conducts tests and examinations to all federal posts of
and above a specified level of seniority
Direct induction of military officers
 Military inductees do not have to take the CSS examination or
any other entry test, and are instead simply nominated by their
respective military hierarchies and then subject to an interview
by the FPSC.

15.  Advertisement against listed vacancies in ministries and
departments
 Ad hoc recruitment by departments or ministries for
temporary vacancies

17. Each of the provinces has its own public service commission,
constituted along similar lines to the FPSC and responsible for
recruitment to the provincial civil service.
The provincial commission comprise of;
 Punjab Public Service Commission(PPSC)
 Sindh Public Service Commission(SPSC)
 Baluchistan Public Service Commission(BPSC)
 K.P.K Public Service Commission (KPSC)

18.  Merit Quota . . . . . . . . . . . . . . …………………………. 10%
 Punjab (including the Federal area Islamabad) . . . . . . . . .50%
 Sindh (including Karachi) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19%
The share of Sindh is further sub-allocated in the following
ratio:
 Urban Areas, Karachi, Hyderabad & Sukhar . . . …........40%
 Rural Areas i.e. the rest of Sindh excluding Karachi,
Hyderabad & Sukhar……………………………………60%
 K.P.K . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .…………………………….11.5%
 Baluchistan . . . . . . . . . . ………………………………..3.5%
 Northern Areas & Federally Administrated Tribal Areas . .4%
 Azad Kashmir . . . . . . . . ………………………………… 2%
 Women Quota……10% of each Provincial / Regional Quota

19. a) Pre Service Training:
i. Common Training Program (CTP) for CSS Probationers
Civil Services Academy Lahore, provides pre-service
training to Grade 17 officer appointed as probationers to the
Central Superior Services.
ii. Specialized training Program (STP):
The CSA also holds a 20 weeks specialized training program
for DMG probationers

20. b) In-Service Training:
 i) Secretariat Training Institute (STI):
 STI provides both probationary and in-service training to
the directly recruited and promoted section officers of the
Federal Government
 ii) Pakistan Provincial Services Academy (PPSA):
 PPSA, Peshawar was established to impart pre-service
training to the probationary officers of the Provincial Civil
Service cadre
 iii) National Institute of Public Administration
 NMI administers two 16 weeks advanced courses
annually in Administration and Development, to officers of
the Federal and Provincial Governments at middle-
management levels up to the level of Deputy Secretary or
equivalent.

21. iv) Pakistan Academy for Rural Development (PARD),
Peshawar:
PARD arranges in-service training on selected topics/issues
for Federal and Provincial Government Officers.
v) National Defense University (NDU):
NDU provides a few seats to civil service officers of BS- 20
for training
vi) National Management College (NMC) formerly Pakistan
Administrative Staff College (PASC):
NMC is an in-service institution catering exclusively to the
training of senior officers of BS-20 drawn from all the civil
services.

22.  Training of “selected personnel” is arranged by the respective
Ministries/ Divisions through their own foreign courses or by
EAD (Employment Authorization Document) through
technical assistance programs abroad.
 Capacity Building project financed by the World Bank,
officers in BS 17-19 are sent under Professional Development
Program for obtaining Master’s degrees and senior officers in
BS-20-21 attend the Kennedy School at Harvard under
Executive Development Program.

23.  Promotions in the bureaucracy are based on a combination of
seniority and merit. The Central Selection Board makes
promotions to “selection posts”
 Promotions are generally based on four criteria: minimum
length of active service; an unblemished disciplinary record;
the required threshold in performance evaluation reports
(PERs); and successful completion of the mandatory training
course.

24.  Compensation is given according to the basic pay scale for
every grade.

25. Basic Pay
Grade
Basic Pay Scale
rupees/month
1983
Basic Pay Scale
rupees/month
2005
Comparable
Posts
1 440-10-640
2150-65-4100
Peon, Mali,
2 460-12-700
2200-75-4450
Record Sorter
3 480-14-760
2275-85-4825
Machine Operator
4 500-16-820
2345-100-5345
Staff Car Driver
5 500-16-820
2415-115-5865
Lower Division Clerk
6 540-20-940
2485-125-6325
Clerk
7 560-23-1020
2555-140-6755
Upper Division Clerk
8 590-26-1110
2655-150-7155
Typist
9 620-29-1200
2770-165-7720
Steno typist
10 660-32-1300
2865-185-8415 Senior Steno typist

26. 11 700-35-1400 2980-200-8980 Assistant
12 750-40-1550 3155-225-9905 Assistant-in-charge
13 800-45-1700 3365-245-10715 Assistant-in-charge
14 850-50-1850 3565-275-11815 Stenographer
15 900-55-2000 3780-305-12930 Senior Stenographer
16 1050-80-2250 4375-340-14575 Superintendent
17 1600-120-3040 7140-535-17840 Entry level Officer
18 2100-150-3600 9355-675-22855 Section Officer
19 3200-160-4480 14260-705-28360 Deputy Secretary
20 3800-180-5240 16915-1095-32245 Joint Secretary
21 4200-225-6000 18750-1230-35970 Additional Secretary
22 4500-250-6500 20055-1440-40215 Secretary

27. Existing Basic Pay
Grade
Proposed Basic Pay Grade Basic Pay Scale rupees/month
1&2 1 4,820 -360-10,220
3&4 2 5080-480-12,280
5&6 3 5,400 -600-14,400
7&8 4 5,720 -720-16,520
9&10 5 6,180 -800-19,380
11&12 6 6,650 -1,100-23,150
13&14 7 7,620 -1,300-27,020
15 8 8,440 -1,360-28,840
16 9 8,800 -1,600-32,800
17 10 40,180 -2,500-15,180
18&19 11 19,900 -4,250-62,400
20 12 35,980 -5,000-70,980
21 13 39,880 -5,540-79,360
22 14 42,660 -6,560-88,580

28.  Pakistan inherited a strong civil service from British Rule.
 It exercised an extraordinary degree of control over the policy-
making process
 Bhutto came into rule in 1971 with aim of restructuring
political system.
 He and his lieutenants distrusted the civil service constituent,
especially the elite Civil Service of Pakistan (CSP).
 Ist reforms were made in Civil Service by Bhutto in 1973.

29.  Placement of civil service under the political executive’s control.
 Dismissal of 1,300 civil servants
 Removal of constitutionally guaranteed protections of employment that had
previously shielded the bureaucracy from political interference.
 Service distinctions were terminated; and all civil service cadres were labeled
“occupational groups”.
 The rank hierarchy that divided civil servants into four classes was replaced by
a system of 22 national pay grades known as Basic Pay Scales (BPS)
 A new system of Common Training Program (CTP) was introduced and all of
these occupational groups were required to go through a mandatory combined
training at Civil Services Academy (CSA), Lahore.
 Opened up the DMG, Customs and Foreign Service cadres to women.
ADMINISTRATIVE REFORMS, 1973

30. The task was performed by National Commission of Government
Reforms (NCGR) under the chairmanship of Dr. Ishrat Hussain.
It stated that four CSS cadres i.e., Pakistan Railway Service,
Pakistan Postal Service, Commerce and Trade Group, and the
Information Service of Pakistan, should be axed.
Postal and Railway Service should be made autonomous
commercial bodies, with Information Service be suspended till
further notice.

31.  In public perceptions, the country’s 2.4 million civil servants are widely seen as
unresponsive and corrupt, and bureaucratic procedures cumbersome and
exploitative.
 General Pervez Musharraf’s eight-year military rule left behind a demoralised and
inefficient bureaucracy that was used to ensure regime survival.
 There was a dramatic rise in military encroachments as retired generals were
appointed to key civil posts.
 The military regime’s poorly conceived devolution of power led to further
administrative confusion and the breakdown of service delivery at the district
level.
 The decision to vest revenue and law and order functions in nazims (mayors), led
to greater collusion between unscrupulous district officials and corrupt police.
 Both (PPP) and (PML-N) needed to enhance the bureaucracy’s ability to execute
government policies and respond to public grievances and needs

32.  Enhance civil service performance and revive a spirit of public service
 Eliminate military interference
 Enhance the functioning of federal and provincial secretariats
 Institute effective accountability over the civil bureaucracy
 Promote fairness and eliminate opportunities for political manipulation at all levels of
the civil administration
 The recommendations of the National Commission on Government Reforms (NCGR),
if properly implemented could help reform the civil service
 Improve land administration and local governance
 Modernize civil service systems and processes and enhance inter-agency coordination
through e-governance technology
 Improve police functioning
 Mainstream FATA’s bureaucracy
 Prioritise reforms that transform this key institution into a leaner, more effective and
accountable body

33.  One of the weak areas in public sector organization is
inadequate capacity at the operational and middle level to
execute public policies, projects and programmes.
 "Capability' is to perform the specific assigned task effectively
and efficiently on a continuous basis. This comprises a
complete set of human skills, equipment, tools, procedures,
rules, regulation, which work in unison to achieve goals.