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Psychology is the science of behavior and the mind, including both conscious and unconscious phenomena. Ancient civilizations like Egypt, Greece, India, and Persia engaged in early philosophical study of psychology. In the 4th century BC, Greek physician Hippocrates theorized that mental disorders had physical rather than supernatural causes. Health psychology studies psychological and behavioral processes related to health, illness, and healthcare. Personality refers to enduring psychological qualities that influence patterns of behavior and can be understood through trait, psychodynamic, humanistic, social-learning, cognitive, and self theories. Traits describe consistent qualities or attributes that predispose individuals to behave in certain ways across situations.
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The document provides an overview of psychology including its definitions, history, branches, and scientific nature. It discusses:
1) Psychology is defined as the science of behavior and mental processes, explaining human behavior through scientific study.
2) The major branches of psychology include clinical, developmental, social, industrial/organizational, and cognitive/experimental psychology.
3) Psychology aims to build knowledge through empirical research studies and applying findings to real world issues in various fields like clinical and industrial settings.
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Structuralism aimed to analyze the structure of the mind through introspection. Functionalism shifted focus to how the mind functions to help organisms adapt. Psychoanalysis proposed unconscious drives influence behavior and proposed methods like dream analysis and free association. Behaviorism studied only observable behavior and pioneered classical and operant conditioning principles through stimuli, responses, and consequences.
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The document provides an overview of psychology including its definitions, history, branches, and scientific nature. It discusses:
1) Psychology is defined as the science of behavior and mental processes, explaining human behavior through scientific study.
2) The major branches of psychology include clinical, developmental, social, industrial/organizational, and cognitive/experimental psychology.
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Introducing Psychology. Psychology is the scientific study of mind and behaviour. The word “psychology” comes from the Greek words “psyche,” meaning life, and “logos,” meaning explanation. ... Psychologists do work in forensic fields, and they do provide counselling and therapy for people in distress.
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Introduction to educational psychology by dr.sudhir sahu
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1.introduction and brief history of psychology presentation
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A.topic1. introductionandbriefhistoryofpsychology presentation-
A.topic1. introductionandbriefhistoryofpsychology presentation-
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Psychology.personality
- 1. By : Mohammedal-maleesi &khalidalbazi
- 2. Psychology : is the science of behavior and mind, including conscious and unconscious phenomena, as well as feeling and thought. It is an academic discipline of immense scope and diverse interests that, when taken together, seek an understanding of the emergent properties of brains, and all the variety of epiphenomena they manifest.
- 3. The ancient civilizations of Egypt , Greece, China, India, and Persia all engaged in the philosophical study of psychology. Historians note that Greek philosophers, including Thales, Plato, and Aristotle (especially in his De Anima treatise), addressed the workings of the mind. As early as the 4th century BC, Greek physician Hippocrates theorized that mental disorders had physical rather than supernatural causes.
- 4. Behavior - action. The means to adjust an organism to the environment. Behavior is determined by specific circumstance, social and cultural context, and mental condition of an individual. Scientific – collecting data with the scientific method to make evidence-based conclusions. Individual – Subject of analysis. Human, animal, etc: Any subject that we are observing. Mental process – mechanism of human mind. Background (internal) actions of the behavior.
- 5. Health psychology is the study of psychological and behavioral processes in health, illness, and healthcare. It is concerned with understanding how psychological, behavioral, and cultural factors contribute to physical health and illness. Psychological factors can affect health directly
- 6. personality is the complex set of psychological qualities (traits) that influence an individual’s characteristic patterns of behavior across different situations and over time.
- 7. Personality theories trying to understand the uniqueness of individual, and how do we provide characteristic patterns of behavior. Trait personality theories Psychodynamic theories Humanistic theories Social-learning and cognitive theories Self-theories Comparing personality theories How do we assess personality?
- 8. How do we describe ourselves or other persons? Traits are enduring qualities or attributes that predispose individuals to behave consistently across situations. Humans have natural tendency for people to classify their own and others’ behavior along different dimensions.