Vibrio cholerae is a bacterium that causes the disease cholera. It survives the acidic environment of the stomach and sticks to the small intestine where it reproduces, causing symptoms within hours. Symptoms include watery diarrhea and vomiting which can lead to severe dehydration if not treated. Dehydration causes loss of body fluids and electrolytes and, if untreated, can cause shock and death within hours. Treatment focuses on oral or intravenous fluid replacement depending on severity. Prevention involves drinking bottled or boiled water and proper handwashing.

1. VIBRIO CHOLERAE
By : Mohammed k younus

2.  There are numerous strains of V. cholera , some of
which are pathogenic and some of which are not.
v. cholerae survives the high acidic environment of
the stomach, it will stick to the walls of the small
intestine and reproduce.
Vibrio cholerae is a facultative anaerobe and
facultative anaerobe is an organism that makes ATP
by aerobic respiration if oxygen is present, but is
capable of switching to fermentation or anaerobic
respiration if oxygen is absent.

5. WHERE IT CAN BE FOUND ???
The cholera bacterium is usually found in
or that have been contaminated by
faeces (poop) from a person infected with
cholera.
Poor Sanitation Inadequate Hygiene
Inadequate Water Treatment

6. SYMPTOMS OF DISEASE
 symptoms of cholera can begin as soon as a few hours
or as long as five days after infection.
 Often, symptoms are mild. But sometimes they are very
serious.
 About one in 20 people infected have severe watery
diarrhea accompanied by vomiting, which can quickly
lead to dehydration.
 Although many infected people may have minimal or no
symptoms, they can still contribute to spread of the
infection

7. SYMPTOMS :
• diarrhea. Cholera-related diarrhea comes on suddenly and may
quickly cause dangerous fluid loss as much as a quart (about 1
liter) an hour.
• Nausea and vomiting. Occurring especially in the early stages of
cholera, vomiting may persist for hours at a time.
• Dehydration. Dehydration can develop within hours after the onset
of cholera symptoms. Depending on how many body fluids have
been lost, dehydration can range from mild to severe. A loss of 10
percent or more of total body weight indicates severe dehydration.

8. SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF DEHYDRATION HEART
● Extreme thirst Muscle
● Muscle cramps
● Lethargy (lack of energy
& enthusiasm) Behaviour
● Irritable (easily upset)
Urinary System
● Little / no urine output
● Arrhythmia (Irregular
heartbeat)
●Low blood pressure Skin
● Loss of skin elasticity
● Dry and shriveled skin
Nasal
● Dry mucous membrane (
mouth, throat, nose &
eyelids)

9. F THE DEHYDRATION IS NOT TREATED, IT CAN LEAD TO
SHOCK AND DEATH IN A MATTER OF HOURS.

10. TREATMENT
Main treatment:
• Fluid and Electrolyte Replacement (Hydration)
• Depending on how severe the diarrhea is, treatment
will consist of oral or intravenous solutions
• Severe infections – dehydration occurs: antibiotics
• kill the bacteria
• reduce the duration of diarrhea by half
• reduce the excretion of the bacteria

11. • Use and drink bottled, boiled, or chemically disinfected
water for daily activities
• Avoid raw foods
• Unpeeled fruits and vegetables
• Unpasteurized milk and milk products
• Raw or undercooked meat or shellfish
• Fish caught in tropical reefs, which may be
contaminated
• Wash hands regularly with soap
• Avoid areas and people with cholera PREVENTION

12. ThankYou
for your
attention