Visually breaks down project scope
o Project
o Subprojects
o Work packages
o Activities / Tasks
Startup project
Procurement HR Shipping Maintenance
Providing
service
Final report
Dependencies will gives up the
logical flow of the project and
ultimately they allow us to find out
the duration of our project
Dependencies structure matrix
Procurement HR Shipping Maintenance Providing service Final report
Procurement
HR
Shipping
Maintenance
Providing service
Final report
activity Description Predecessors
1 Procurement -
2 HR -
3 Shipping 1
4 Maintenance 3
5 Providing service 2,4
6 Final report 5
Startup
HR
Procurement
Shipping
Maintenance
Providing
service
Final report End
Type of Dependencies
Finish Start Finish
Finish
Start
Start
Start
Finish
activity Description Predecessors Estimated
Duration (weeks)
1 Procurement - 6
2 HR - 4
3 Shipping 1 1
4 Maintenance 3 1
5 Providing service 2,4 16
6 Final report 5 2
Duration obstacles
• Parkinson’s Law
• Student’s Syndrome
• Overconfidence
• Biases
 Anchoring
 Confirmation
Overconfidence
Startup
HR
Procurement
Shipping
Maintenance
Providing
service
Final report End
Duration diagram
Critical path
• The critical path is the longest chain, the longest path of activities
in our network :
• The project duration, defined by the length of the critical path, is
also known as makespan.
• A delay in any activity along the critical path will cause a delay in
the project.
• The method was developed by Engineers at DuPont Corporation in
the 1950s.
Startup
HR
Procurement
Shipping
Maintenance
Providing
service
Final report End
Startup
HR
Procurement
Shipping
Maintenance
Providing
service
Final report End
Startup
HR
Procurement
Shipping
Maintenance
Providing
service
Final report End
ASAP & ALAP
TIME COST
As Soon As Possible
As late As Possible
One of tools that used to schedule the project by using MS Project
• Project duration can be reduced only by shortening critical activities.
• It may be worth spending money to reduce the length of a project: Select the
least expensive to crash
• New critical paths may emerge: reduce all critical paths!
As a Result of Project Crashing
• Critical path
o Shorter
o May change
o More activities may become critical
• Higher risk?
• WBS
Available? Complete? Communicated? Agreed-upon?
• Network Diagram
One start and one finish? All activities with predecessors or successors?
• Milestones
One start milestone and one project completion milestone?
Intermediate milestones? Each one has a critical path?
• Gantt-chart
No missing dependencies between activities in correct sequence?
No summary task links? Tasks with excessive durations?
Check generalized dependencies (overlaps, time lags), Check critical path: from project start to finish?
Scheduling Checklist
Project scheduling

Project scheduling