The document outlines key principles of disaster management, including definitions of core terms and an overview of the disaster management cycle. It defines disaster, hazard, vulnerability, risk, capacity, and describes the disaster management cycle as having four phases: 1) disaster preparedness, 2) disaster response, 3) disaster recovery, and 4) disaster mitigation. For each term and phase, some examples are provided to illustrate the concepts.

1. PRINCIPLES OF DISASTER
MANAGEMENT
By
ANUP SIINGH,DC
NDRF ACADEMY
(1ST
BN NDRF)

2. ANUP SINGH,DC
DISASTER MANAGEMENT TERMS

3. DISASTER
“A catastrophe, mishap, calamity or grave occurrence
in any area, arising from natural or man made causes,
or by accident or negligence which results in
substantial loss of life or human suffering or damage
to, and destruction of, property, or damage to, or
degradation of, environment, and is of such a nature
or magnitude as to be beyond the coping capacity of
the community of the affected area”.
The Disaster Management Act, 2005

4. HAZARD
A dangerous
Event, Substance, Human Activity or Condition
that may cause
Loss of life,
 Injury or other health impacts
Property damage,
Loss of livelihoods & services
Social and economic disruption
Environmental damage.

5. ANUP SINGH,DC
VULNERABILITY
The extent to which a community,
structure, service, or geographic
area is Likely To Be Damaged or
disrupted by the impact of particular
hazard.

6. ANUP SINGH,DC
VULNERABILITY
Arising from various factors like
Physical
Economic
Social
Psychological
Physiological
Environmental
Systemic

7. ANUP SINGH,DC
VULNERABILITY
PHYSICAL - Unstable locations, closer proximity to hazards, fragile
unprotected houses).
ECONOMIC - No productive assets, limited income earning opportunities,
poor pay, single income revenue, no savings and insurance.
SOCIAL - low status in society, gender relations, fewer decision-making
possibilities, oppressive formal and informal institutional structures, and
political, economic and social hierarchies.
PSYCHOLOGICAL - Fears instigated by religious and other belief systems,
ideologies, political pressures, mental illness.

8. ANUP SINGH,DC
VULNERABILITY
PHYSIOLOGICAL -Status in life – young, old, adolescent, pregnant,
lactating mothers, chronic illness, disability, exposure to sexual violence
and harassment, HIV/Aids and other infections.
ENVIRONMENTAL: Natural resource depletion and resource degradation
SYSTEMIC: Degree of networking, Linkage & Coordination among
different agencies, Mechanism of identifying gaps in existing system and
strengthening the week areas

9. POPULAR
Chance or Possibility.
such as “the risk of an accident”
TECHNICAL
Measurement of potential losses
(Definite Area, Definite Time)
ANUP SINGH,DC
WORD “RISK” HAS TWO USAGE

10. A. Hazards B. Hazard
Likelihood
0 – 5
Low to high
C. Impact
Severity
(vulnerabilities/
resources)
0 - 5
Low to high
D. Risk Score
B x C
E. Priority
1.
2.
3.
4.
ANUP SINGH,DC
RISK ASSESSMENT MATRIX

11. ANUP SINGH,DC
Capacity includes
Infrastructure
Physical means
Institutions
Societal coping abilities
Human knowledge & skills
CAPACITY
Strengths, Attributes and Resources available within a community or organization
that can be used to Cope With, Withstand, Prepare for, prevent, mitigate or quickly
recover from a disaster.

12. ANUP SINGH,DC

13. DISASTER MANAGEMENT CYCLE

14. Disaster preparedness is a continuous and
integrated process resulting from a wide
range of Risk Reduction Activities and
resources.
1. DISASTER PREPAREDNESS

15. 1. Hazard, risk and vulnerability assessments
2. Response mechanisms and strategies
3. Preparedness plans
4. Coordination
5. Information management
6. Early warning systems
7. Resource mobilization
8. Public education, Training - Drills and simulations
9. Community-Based disaster preparedness
A Comprehensive Disaster Preparedness Strategy
would therefore include the following elements:

16. 2. DISASTER RESPONSE
It consists of a number of elements, for example;
Warning / Evacuation
Search and rescue
Providing immediate assistance
Assessing damage
Continuing assistance
Immediate restoration or construction
of infrastructure (i.e. Provisional storm
drains or diversion dams).

17. 3. DISASTER RECOVERY
Disaster recovery involves a set of
Policies, Tools & Procedures to
enable the recovery or continuation of
vital technology infrastructure and
systems following Natural or
Human-induced disaster.

18. Disaster mitigation measures are those that
eliminate or reduce the impacts and risks of
hazards through proactive measures taken
before an emergency or disaster occurs.
ALL-HAZARDS APPROACH
4. DISASTER MITIGATION

19. TYPES OF DISASTER MITIGATION
Disaster Mitigation Measures - Structural (e.g. flood) or Non-Structural
(e.g. land use zoning).
Other examples of Mitigation Measures include:
Hazard mappingHazard mapping
Implementing and enforcing Building CodesBuilding Codes
Raising of homesRaising of homes in flood-prone areas
Disaster mitigation Public Awareness ProgramsPublic Awareness Programs
Insurance programsInsurance programs
Etc.

20. THANKS