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DISASTER MANAGEMENT IN GENRAL
This document provides an overview of disasters, including definitions and classifications. It discusses natural disasters like earthquakes, floods, and cyclones, as well as man-made disasters such as industrial accidents, fires, and acts of terrorism. The document also examines disaster trends in India, noting that floods are the most common type of natural disaster and have affected over 23 million people. It outlines India's disaster management structure and key agencies involved in forecasting and response. Finally, it discusses international frameworks for disaster risk reduction, including the Sendai Framework and its priorities of understanding risk and strengthening governance.
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DISASTER MANAGEMENT IN GENRAL
- 1. GENERAL ANUP KUMAR SINGH DEPUTYCOMMANDANT NDRF ACADEMY
- 2. WHAT IS DISASTER •“A catastrophe, mishap, calamity or grave occurrence in any area, arising from • Natural • Or man made causes, • Or by accident or negligence which results in … • Substantial loss of life or human suffering or damage • Destruction of property, • Degradation of environment,… • and is of such a nature or magnitude as to be
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- 4. Earthquake Volcanic Eruptions Landslides and Avalanches TOPOGRAPHICAL Floods Tsunami Cyclone Hurricane Typhoon Snowstorm Blizzard Hail storm METEOROLOGICAL Global warming El Niño- Southern Oscillation Ozone depletion- UV Radiation ENVIRONMENTAL NATURAL DISASTER
- 5. Transport failure Public placefailure Fire War Terrorism Internal conflicts Civil unrest CBRN Chemical spills Radioactive spills TECHNOLOGICAL WARFARE INDUSTRIAL MAN-MADE DISASTER
- 8. B. Response: Effortsto minimize the hazards created by a disaster. Examples: Search and rescue; emergency relief. A. Preparedness: Planning how to respond. Examples: Preparedness plans; emergency exercises/training; warning systems. DISASTER MANAGEMENT CYCLE C. Recovery: Returning the community to normal. Examples: Temporary housing; grants; medical care. D. Mitigation: Minimizing the effects of disaster. Examples: Building codes and zoning; vulnerability analyses; public education.
- 9. INDIA & DISASTERS A Major Disaster occurs every 2-3 years. 12% Govt. revenue spent on relief and rehabilitation.
- 10. Death Toll –5000+ Affected – 1,00,000 + Death Toll – 10,000+ Death Toll – 20,000 Affected – 587,000 Death Toll – 10,000+ Affected – 1,00,000 + Death Toll – 3000+ Death Toll – 7,000+ Death Toll – 1400 1984
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- 12. 12 % OFLAND IS PRONE TO FLOODS AND RIVER EROSION
- 13. OUT OF 7,516km long coastline,5,700 km is prone to cyclones and tsunamis 8% OF LAND
- 14. 58.6 per centof the landmass is prone to earthquakes of moderate to very high intensity
- 15. LANDSLIDE HAZARD ZONESIN INDIA-
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- 18. Percentage of occurrenceof natural disasters by Disaster type (1998 -2017) 3,148 43.4 % Flood 2,049 28.2 % Stor m 563 7.8% Earthquak e 405 5.6% Extreme Temperature 378 5.2% Landslid e 34 7 4.8% Drough t 25 4 3.5% Wildfire 99 1.4% Volcanic Activity (SOURCE: CENTRE FOR RESEARCH ON THE EPEDEMIOLOGY OF DISASTER)
- 19. DISASTER FREQUENCY(2018) 108 84 39 20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 FLOOD STORMSDROUGHT & EXTREME TEMPERATURE EARTHQUAKES & TSUNAMIS Source: EM- DAT
- 20. DEATH TOLL BYDISASTER TYPE (2018) 4,321 2,859 1,593 878 0 1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 EARTHQUAKE FLOOD STORM VOLCANIC ACTIVITY Source: EM- DAT
- 21. Natural Disaster summaryglobally between 1900-2011, in terms of number of Disasters NumberofDisasterreported Numberofpeoplereportedkilled Numberofpeoplereportedaffected 250,000,000 200,000,000 150,000,000 100,000,000 50,000,000 0 500 400 300 200 100 0 500,000 400,000 200,000 100,000 300,000 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 Source: EM- DAT
- 22. 0 5,000 10,00015,000 20,000 25,000 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 FLOOD EARTHQUAKE DROUGHT FATALITIES/CASUALTIES FREQUENCY/NO. OF OCCURANCE EVENTS FREQUENCY/No. of Outcome FATALITIES/CASUALTIES DISASTER STATISTICS OF INDIA (1972 – 2014) Source : NDMA
- 23. TOP 10 FLOODPRONE STATES (INDIA) 73 68 41 38.2 37.66 34.8 33.4 23.5 20.5 14.7 0 20 40 60 80 LAKHHECTARE Axis Title Source : NDMA
- 24. INDIA PHILIPPINES CHINANIGERIA GUATAMELA TOP 05 COUNTRIES BY NUMBER OF PEOPLE AFFECTED (2018) Source: EM- DAT INDIA 23,900,348 54% PHILIPPINES 6,490,216 15% CHINA 6,415,024 15% NIGERIA 3,938,204 09% GUATAMELA 3,291,358 07%
- 25. Three Tier InstitutionalMechanism National Level State Level District Level National Institute Of Disaster Management (NIDM) National Disaster Response Force NEC State Executive Committee (SEC) SDMAs State Disaster Response ForceDeptt. of Home DDMA Police Fire Services Civil Defence & Other Volunteers Police Fire ServicesNDMA Armed Forces NATIONAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT STRUCTURE National Crisis Management Committee
- 26. AGENCIES FOR FORECASTING DisastersAgencies All Meteorological Hazards Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) Tsunami Indian National Centre for Oceanic Information Services (INCOIS) Floods Central Water Commission (CWC) Earthquakes National Centre for Seismology. IMD, MoES Landslides Geological Survey of India Avalanche Snow and Avalanche Study Establishment (SASE)
- 27. The High PowerCommittee gave its recommendations in October 2001 including a draft of the; a. Disaster management act b. A National response plan c. Move from disaster response to disaster preparedness d. Establishment of National Disaster Management Authority. DISASTER MANAGEMENT IN INDIA Establishment of High Power Committee on Disaster Management (HPC) in 1999
- 28. Until 2001– responsibility with Agriculture Ministry Transferred to Ministry of Home Affairs in June 2002. 2001 Gujarat Earthquake The Government of Gujarat for the first time in India enacted the Gujarat Disaster Management Act, 2003. DISASTER MANAGEMENT IN INDIA
- 29. GOVT OF INDIA NDMA CCS NCMC MHA/NODALMIN OTHER MINISTRIES NDRF NEC ARMED FORCES NIDM CAPFs SDMA SDRF NODAL MINISTRY SECSEOC COMMUNITY POLICE HOME GUARD OTHER MINISTRIES FIRE SERVICES OTHER AGENCIES/ NGOs STATE GOVERNMENT DDMA INSTITUTIONAL FRAME WORK OF DM
- 30. Lakshadweep A & NIslands Maharashtra Andhra Pradesh Odisha Goa Telangana MP Bihar Jharkhand Gujarat Nagaland Manipur Mizoram Tripura Uttarakhand Sikkim Meghalaya Rajasthan Haryana Punjab J & K Chandigarh WB NDRF Bns RRC 4th Bn Arakkonam RRC 1- Chennai RRC 2- Portblair RRC 3 -Thrissur/ Ernakulum 1 2 10th Bn Vijaywada RRC 1-Hyderabad RRC 2-Vishakhapatanam RRC 3-Banglore 3 1 2 5th Bn Pune RRC 1-Mumbai 1 6th Bn Vadodara RRC 1-Gandhinagar RRC 2- Nareli (Raj.) 1 2 8th Bn Ghaziabad RRC 1 – Dwarka RRC 2- R K Puram RRC 3 - Dehradun 1 3 7th Bn Bhatinda RRC 1 – Kangra RRC 2 – Srinagar RRC 3 - Panchklula 1 11th Bn Varanasi RRC 1- Gorakhpur RRC 2-Lucknow RRC 3 – Bhopal 1 2 9th Bn Patna RRC 1 – Supaul RRC 2 - Ranchi 1 1st Bn Guwahati RRC 1-Aizawl RRC 2- Agartala 12 12th Bn Doimukh 1 2nd Bn Haringhata RRC 1-Kolkata RRC 2-Siliguri RRC 2-Pakyong 1 2 3 3rd Bn Mundali RRC 1-Balasore 1 HP NDRF DEPLOYMENT 3 2 2 Delhi 3 3 2
- 31. WORLD CONFERENCE ONDRR 1990s International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction, IDNDR i. Yokohama in 1994 ii. Kobe, Hyogo in 2005 iii.Sendai in 2015
- 32. SENDAI FRAMEWORK FORDISASTER RISK REDUCTION The Sendai framework is a 15-year, voluntary, non-binding agreement It recognizes that the state has the primary role to reduce disaster risk But that responsibility should be shared with other stakeholders Including local government, the private sector and other stakeholders.
- 33. THE FOUR PRIORITIESFOR ACTION Priority 4. Enhancing disaster preparedness for effective response and to “Build Back Better” in recovery, rehabilitation and reconstruction Priority 1. Understanding disaster risk Dimensions of vulnerability, capacity, exposure of persons and assets, hazard characteristics and the environment. Priority 2.Strengthening disaster risk governance to manage disaster risk Disaster risk governance at the national, regional and global levels Priority 3. Investing in disaster risk reduction for resilience Public and private investment through structural and non- structural
- 34. THE SEVEN GLOBALTARGETS (e) Substantially increase the number of countries with national and local disaster risk reduction strategies by 2020. (f) Substantially enhance international cooperation to developing countries (g) Substantially increase the availability of and access to multi-hazard early warning systems and disaster risk information and assessments to the people by 2030. (a) Substantially reduce global disaster mortality by 2030 (b) Substantially reduce the number of affected people globally by 2030 (c) Reduce direct disaster economic loss in relation to global (GDP) (d) Substantially reduce disaster damage to critical infrastructure and disruption of basic services, among them health and educational facilities DECREASE INCREASE
- 35. National Disaster ManagementPlan (NDMP), 2016 Aligned with Sendai Framework National Disaster Management Act, 2005 Provided the legal basis for disaster management. CURRENT DEVELOPMENT - DISASTER MANAGEMENT National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) Coordinates activities of disaster management. National Policy on Disaster Management (NPDM), 2009 Institutional mechanisms.
- 36. MAJOR SALIENT FEATURES– NDMP 2016 NDMP aims to make India disaster resilient and significantly reduce the loss of lives and assets. Based on the four priority themes of the Sendai Framework NDMP covers all phases of disaster management: prevention, mitigation, response and recovery. The plan also spells out the roles and responsibilities of all levels of Government right up to Panchayat and Urban Local Body level in a matrix format. It also identifies major activities such as early warning, information dissemination, medical care, fuel, transportation, search and rescue, evacuation, etc. to serve as a checklist for agencies responding to a disaster. It also provides a generalized framework for recovery and offers flexibility to assess a situation and Build Back Better.
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