DRRM

1. DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND
MANAGEMENT (DRRM) AND
CLIMATE CHANGE (CC)
TERMINOLOGIES

2. • Present the DRRM and CC agreed definitions according to
RA. 10121- Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and
Management Act of 2010, the 2009 UNISDR Terminology on
Disaster Risk Reduction, the Intergovernmental Panel on
Climate Change (IPCC), and the United Nations Framework
Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC);
• Gain understanding and right application of the DRRM and CC
related terminologies; and
• Be able to formulate a DRRM-CCAM plan for their respective
schools based on their understanding of the DRRM and CC concepts
and terminologies.
OBJECTIVES

3. Hazard
A dangerous phenomenon, substance, human activity or
condition that may cause loss of life, injury or other
health impacts, property damage, loss of livelihood and
services, social and economic disruption, or
environmental damage

4. Hazard
The Philippines is located along the typhoon belt in the
Western North Pacific Basin in the Pacific where 66
percent of tropical cyclones enter or originate. On the
average, the country faces 20 tropical cyclones a year,
of which 5 to 7 can be rather destructive.

5. Hazard
It is also is situated in the Pacific Ring of Fire where two
major tectonic plates (Philippine Sea and Eurasian) meet
which explains the occurrence of earthquakes and
tsunamis as well as the existence of around 300 volcanoes
of which 22 are classified as active.

6. Types of Hazard
Natural
Hydro-Meteorological
› Flood, typhoons, drought,
› Storm surge
 Geological
Earthquake, volcanic
eruption, landslide
Biological
Epidemic (SARS), WMD ( anthrax,
bioactive substance

7. Types of Hazard
Human -induced
Technological
Plane crash, power plant
explosion, chemical spill,
industrial accidents,
Armed Conflict
Secessionist group, terrorist
attack, mass killings

8. Disaster
1) A serious disruption of the functioning of a community
or a society
2) involving widespread human, material, economic or
environmental losses and impacts,
3) exceeds the ability of the affected community or society
to cope using its own resources

9. DISASTER RISK
The potential disaster losses, in lives, health status, livelihoods, assets and services, which could occur to a particular
community or a society over some specified future time period.

10. Disaster Risk Reduction
The concept and practice of reducing disaster risks through
systematic efforts to analyze and manage the causal factors
of disasters, including through reduced exposures to
hazards, lessened vulnerability of people and property, wise
management of land and the environment, and improved
preparedness for adverse events

11. Disaster Risk Reduction &
Management
The systematic process of using administrative
directives, organizations, and operational skills
and capacities to implement strategies, policies
and improved coping capacities in order to lessen
the adverse impacts of hazards and the possibility
of disaster.

12. Vulnerability
The characteristics and circumstances of a community, system
or asset that make it susceptible to the damaging effects of a
hazard; can be physical, social, motivational, environmental,
financial, others

13. Exposure
Who or what are exposed to hazards?
• People - men and women, children,
elderly, persons with disabilities, IP,
poor and marginalized, students
• Sector - in terms of livelihoods –
farmers, farm workers, fishermen
industries, schools,
The degree to which the elements at
risk are likely to experience hazard
events of different magnitudes.

14. Exposure
Who or what are exposed to hazards?
• Property - based on location, structure,
design
• Infrastructure - Building, school, govt.
structures, seawall, etc.
•Services Facilities - road network, bridges,
power, communication, water
• Environment
The degree to which the elements at risk are
likely to experience hazard events of different
magnitudes.

15. Capacity
A combination of all strengths and resources
available within a community, society or
organization that can reduce the level of risk,
or effects of a disaster

16. Risk
Disaster Risk = Hazard x Vulnerability x Exposure
Capacity
Risk = Typhoon Signal No. 3 x Houses made of light
materials x 200 families/ families know EWS and what to do
The combination of the probability of an event and its
negative consequences

17. PREVENTION
The outright avoidance of adverse
impacts of hazards and related
disasters.
Sendai Framework for DRR speaks of
prevention as “prevention of new
risks”

18. MITIGATION
The lessening or limitation of the
adverse impacts of hazards and related
disasters.
• Adverse impacts of hazards often cannot be prevented
fully – use interchangeably with prevention
• Scale or severity can be substantially lessened by
various strategies and actions
• Both structural and non-structural measures

19. PREPAREDNESS
The knowledge and capacities developed by
governments, professional response and
recovery organizations, communities and
individuals to effectively anticipate, respond
to, and recover from, the impacts of likely,
imminent or current hazard events or
conditions.
• Requires formal institutional, legal
and budgetary support and
capacities
• Aims to build capacities needed to
efficiently manage all types of
emergencies

20. RESPONSE
Provision of emergency services and
public assistance during or
immediately after a disaster in order to
save lives, reduce health impacts,
ensure public safety and meet the basic
subsistence needs of the people
affected.
• Immediate and short-term needs
• Division between response stage and
subsequent recovery stage is not clear-
cut
• Response actions, such as the supply of
temporary housing and water supplies,
may extend well into the recovery stage

21. REHABILITATION
Measures that ensure the ability of
affected communities/areas to restore
their normal level of functioning by
rebuilding livelihood and damaged
infrastructures and increasing the
communities' organizational capacity.
• Actions taken in the aftermath of disaster
to:
• Assist victims to repair their
dwellings
• Re-establish essential services
• Revive key economic and social
activities

22. RECONSTRUCTION
Permanent measures to repair or
replace damaged
dwellings and infrastructure and to set
the economy back on
course.
“build back better”

23. RECOVERY
The restoration and improvement
where appropriate, of facilities,
livelihood and living conditions of
disaster-affected communities,
including efforts to reduce disaster risk
factors.
Applies “build back better” principle

24. DISASTER RISK REDUCTION
The concept and practice of reducing
disaster risks through systematic efforts to
analyze and manage the causal factors of
disasters, including through reduced
exposure to hazards, lessened vulnerability
of people and property, wise management
of land and the environment, and improved
preparedness for adverse events.
Sendai Framework for DRR
speaks of DRR as “reducing
existing risks”

25. DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT
The systematic process of using administrative
directives, organizations, and operational skills
and capacities to implement strategies, policies
and improved coping capacities in order to
lessen the adverse impacts of hazards and the
possibility of disaster.
DRM is DRR in ACTION

26. RESILIENCE
The ability of a system, community or society exposed to hazards to
resist, absorb, accommodate and recover from the effects of a
hazard in a timely and efficient manner, including through the
preservation and restoration of its essential basic structures
and functions.
No internationally
agreed definition

27. Change in the
state of climate
over time due
to:
• human activity, either
directly or indirectly
*human activity, i.e. activities that release greenhouse gases; also known as anthropogenic
CLIMATE CHANGE
IPCC UNFCCC
Change in the
state of climate
over time due to:
• natural processes
• human activity

28. Greenhouse Gases
Gaseous constituents of the
atmosphere, both natural and
anthropogenic, that absorb and
emit radiation of thermal
infrared radiation emitted by the
Earth’s surface, the atmosphere
itself, and by clouds (IPCC).
CARBON
DIOXIDE
NITROUS
OXIDE
WATER
VAPOR

29. Dramatic increase
of GHG emissions
and concentrations
since pre-industrial
times
WHAT’S WRONG?!
http://www.electriccyclery.com/
http://www.gizmodo.in/science/62-Years-of-Global-Warming-in-One-Terrifying-
GIF/articleshow/29173746.cms

30. IPCC 2007 CONCLUSION
“Warming of the climate system is unequivocal, as is
now evident from observations of increases in global
average air and ocean temperatures, widespread melting of
snow and ice, and rising global average sea level”
(WG 1, IPCC 4th Assessment Report)

31. Adaptation is adjustment in natural or
human systems in response to actual or
expected stimuli or their effects, which
moderates harm or exploits benefit
opportunities (IPCC).
Adjustments in ecological, social, or
economic systems in response to actual
or expected climatic stimuli and their
effects or impacts. It refers to changes in
processes, practices, and structures to
moderate potential damages or to benefit
from opportunities associated with climate
change (UNFCCC).

32. • An anthropogenic intervention to
reduce the sources or enhance the
sinks of greenhouse gases (IPCC).
• Human interventions to reduce the
emissions of greenhouse gases by
sources or enhance their removal
from the atmosphere by “sinks”. A
“sink” refers to forests, vegetation or
soils that can reabsorb CO2 (UNFCCC).
• Reduction of greenhouse gas
emissions
Mitigation (in Climate
Change)
http://www.slate.com/articles/health_and_science/science/2016/04/
earth_day_is_the_perfect_time_to_plant_a_tree_here_s_how.html

33. Emergency
An emergency is a situation that poses
an immediate risk to health, life, property or
environment unless immediate and
appropriate action is taken

34. Emergency
An emergency is a situation that poses
an immediate risk to health, life, property or
environment unless immediate and
appropriate action is taken

35. PREPAREDNESS
RESPONSE
RECOVERY &
REHABILITATION
PREVENTION &
MITIGATION
SAFE
LEARNING
FACILITES
SCHOOL
DISASTER
MANAGEMENT
DRR
IN
EDUCATION
QAG
UNIFIED DRRM STRUCTURE
35

36. Building school resilience is our
point of action for DRRM
36

37. DRRM-CCAM PLAN
School ID / School Name
S.Y. __________
RA 10121 KEY THEMATIC AREAS CLIMATE CHANGE
Prevention and
Mitigation
Preparedness Response Rehabilitation and
Recovery
Mitigation

38. THANK YOU!