This document provides an overview of how to use modal verbs to talk about the past in English. It explains that modal verbs like must, might, could, may and should are used with the past participle in sentences like "She must have forgotten." It also discusses forming the passive with modal verbs, using modal verbs to express past possibility, and other constructions like "could have" to show missed opportunities, "was/were supposed to" for broken rules, and "had to" versus "must have."
Kinds of modals
Examples of modals
Sentences using modals
definition of modals
How modals can be used in a sentence
Usage of modals
I could read even without eyeglasses.
This sentence expresses a weaker ability of reading without eyeglasses.
https://youtu.be/7Bvu_o-cSp8
#learningisfun #englishgrammar Tenses | Simple Future Tense | Lesson 3
Prajnaparamita Bhowmik
Indefinite / Simple Future
1. Why do we use it?
2. Features, examples and structures
3. How to write a correct sentence using a simple future form of verbs?
4. 'Will' and 'going to' as future indefinite.
5. Easy sentence making worksheet.
To know about the categories of English sentences and how to write them properly, please click the below mentioned link
https://youtu.be/sCV0GuYTy4Q
For more knowledge about pronoun, please click below mentioned link.
https://youtu.be/F83hNk9-zY8
For more knowledge about articles, please click below mentioned link
https://youtu.be/rmTTH-2ONEw
Kinds of modals
Examples of modals
Sentences using modals
definition of modals
How modals can be used in a sentence
Usage of modals
I could read even without eyeglasses.
This sentence expresses a weaker ability of reading without eyeglasses.
https://youtu.be/7Bvu_o-cSp8
#learningisfun #englishgrammar Tenses | Simple Future Tense | Lesson 3
Prajnaparamita Bhowmik
Indefinite / Simple Future
1. Why do we use it?
2. Features, examples and structures
3. How to write a correct sentence using a simple future form of verbs?
4. 'Will' and 'going to' as future indefinite.
5. Easy sentence making worksheet.
To know about the categories of English sentences and how to write them properly, please click the below mentioned link
https://youtu.be/sCV0GuYTy4Q
For more knowledge about pronoun, please click below mentioned link.
https://youtu.be/F83hNk9-zY8
For more knowledge about articles, please click below mentioned link
https://youtu.be/rmTTH-2ONEw
The use of the modal verbs (might/may, must, can't/couldn't) for speculation and deduction. Also, how to use "should/ought to" to express regret and criticism
A brief introduction for Spanish ESL students to modals of ability, advice, necessity and obligation, possibility and certainty and modals plus perfect infinitives.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
CLASS 11 CBSE B.St Project AIDS TO TRADE - INSURANCE
Presentation of esl 253
1.
2. BRIF OVERVIEW OF MODAL IN PAST
MODAL + HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE
2: Using modal verbs to talk about the past:
must / might / could / may / should + have +
past participle
must have + past participle
might / might not have + past participle
could / couldn't have + past participle
may / may not have + past participle
Should have + past participle
3. EXAMPLES OF MODAL VERBS
1.She must have forgotten about our
date.
2.She might have worked late.
3.She could have taken the wrong
bus.
4.She may have felt ill.
4. TO FORM THE PASSIVE OF THE PAST
MODAL
.
MODAL +HAVE + BEEN + PAST PARTICIPAL
Might /should/could+ have +been+ past participle
Examples for passive modals
1. Snehal could have been surprised by guest
2. The train could have been delayed.
3. She should have been elected chair of the
committee.
5. PAST POSSIBILITY AND PROBABILITY
USE MAY / MIGHT /COULD + PAST
PARTICIPLE
FOR NEGATIVE POSSIBILITY
MIGHT NOT HAVE + MAY NOT HAVE
DON’T USE COULD NOT HAVE
EXAMPLE :-
1.She could have been killed in the car
crash.
2.He may have spoken to Jenny yesterday.
3.He might have forgotten.
Example of negative: She might have not
worked late.
6. PAST DIRECTION NOT TAKEN
COULD HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE TO SHOW
SOMETHING DID NOT HAPPEN/ AN EXAGGERATION
OF A RESULT / THAT SOMETHING ALMOST HAPPENED/
TO SHOW MISSED OPPORTUNITIES.
FOR EXAMPLES:
1.I COULD HAVE GONE TO US , BUT I DECIDED TO COME
TO US.
2. I COULD HAVE HELPED YOU.
3. I COULD HAVE DIED
4. WE COULD HAVE JUMPED FOR JOY.
5. YOU COULD HAVE BROKEN MY HEAD
7. BE SUPPOSED TO in the Past
Was / Were supposed to is used for rules
and promises that have been broken or
expectations that have not been met.
FOR EXAMPLES:
1.I was supposed to do my homework
2.You were supposed to fill out your
application
8. MUST HAVE vs. HAD TO
TO SHOW THE NECESSITY IN THE PAST, WE
USE HAD TO + BASE FORM . WE CANNOT USE
MUST IN THE PAST WITH THIS MEANING.
USE MUST HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE WHEN
SHOWS A CONCLUSION OR DEDUCTION.
FOR EXAMPLE:
1. Jack had to travel by train to meet people.
2. Harry must have been surprised when he bought a
house .
9. Continuous Forms of Past Modals
MODALS+ HAVE BEEN + PRESENT PARTICIPLE
FOR EXAMPLE:
1. I SHOULD HAVE BEEN DRIVING SO FAST
2. I MUST HAVE BEEN TAKING A SHOWER WHEN YOU CALLED
BE ABLE TO
WAS / WERE ABLE TO CAN ALSO BE USED FOR ABILITY
OVER A PAST PERIOD OF TIME.
USE WAS/ WERE ABLE TO FOR SUCCESS IN DOING A SINGLE ACTION . DO
NOT USE COULD FOR A SINGLE ACTION.
FOR EXAMPLE:
1. SHE WAS ABLE TO PLAY CHESS WHEN SHE WAS A CHILD .