The document discusses the female reproductive system and the role of gynecologists. It describes the uterus, vagina, ovaries, and tubal ligation procedure. Specifically, it notes that a gynecologist deals with the health of the uterus, vagina, and ovaries. It describes the uterus as pear shaped and bent forward with three sections. It also explains that the vagina receives the penis during intercourse and the ovaries produce eggs and hormones to prepare the uterus for pregnancy. Finally, it summarizes that tubal ligation is a permanent birth control procedure that cuts or blocks the fallopian tubes to prevent pregnancy.

1. By: Maria Garcia Medical Terminology Presentation 10 Anatomy and Physiology of the Female Reproductive System- Gynecologist- Uterus- Vagina- Ovaries- Tubal ligation

2. Gynecologist: “ The Science of Women” A gynecologist is a Doctor that deals with the health of the female reproductive system such as the uterus, vagina and ovaries Almost all gynecologist are Obstetricians. The conditions gynecologist deal with are: -Cancer of the ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, cervix, vagina, and vulva -Amenorrhoea :absent menstrual periods -Dysmenorrhoea: painful menstrual periods -Infertility -Menorrhagia : heavy menstrual periods -Infections of the vagina, cervix and uterus, including fungal, bacterialand viral

3. Uterus (Womb) A pear shaped organ that is bent forward with a thick muscular wall and mucous membrane lining Tied to the pelvic cavity between bladder and rectum There are 3 sections to the uterus: fundus, corpus and cervix The inner layer is known as the endometrium which contains a rich blood supply and provides nourishment and protection for a developing baby

4. Uterus (Womb) When a women is delivering a baby her uterus contracts with the thick muscular wall of the uterus, this is known as myometrium The lining of the uterus nourishes the baby throughout the pregnancy When there is no established pregnancy a women will begin her menstrual period

5. Vagina The vagina is an elastic, muscular canal or tube with a soft, flexible lining that provides lubrication and sensation. The vagina receives the penis and semen during sexual intercourse and serves as a channel for menstrual flow from the uterus. During childbirth, the baby passes through the vagina Contains a thin membrane of tissue called the hymen that surrounds and narrows the vaginal opening. It may be torn or ruptured by sexual activity, tampons or by exercise

6. Ovaries A women has 2 ovaries that are the size of an almond. They are located on each side of the uterus within the pelvic bone Ovaries produce ova and sex hormones Hormones follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) trigger ovulation Ovaries produce estrogen and progesterone which stimulate the lining of the uterus so it can receive a fertilized ovum

7. Tubal ligation Is known as having your tubes tied or tubal sterilization It is a permanent birth control where the tubes are cut or blocked to permanently prevent pregnancy It disrupts the movement of the egg to the uterus for fertilization and blocks sperm It does not affect a women’s menstrual cycle

8. When can tubal ligation be done? A tubal ligation can be done at any time, it can be done after childbirth or in combination with another abdominal surgical procedure, such as a C-section. It's possible to reverse a tubal ligation, but reversal requires major surgery and isn't always effective

9. Why is tubal ligation done? It’s main reason is to prevent pregnancy For some women it decreases the risk of ovarian cancer It is not appropriate for those who might want to become pregnant, obese, have severe cardiac or pulmonary disease, have blood-clotting problems, internal abdominal scarring, pre-existing gynecologic conditios, such as irregular periods or abnormally heavy or prolonged periods.

10. What are the risks of tubal ligation? It is a major surgery and can damage your bowel, bladder or major blood vessels Wound infection Pelvic or abdominal pain Risky if you had a previous pelvic or abdominal surgery History of pelvic inflammatory disease Not recommended if you are obese Not recommended if you are diabetic