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PRESENT PERFECT VS PAST SIMPLE
EXPRESSING THE PAST
Past experiences:
 Events
 Actions
Past experiences:
 which might have…
 consequences
 Effects
 Relevance
WE USE PRESENT PERFECT WHEN:
PRESENT PERFECT FORM
Grammatical Structure:
 Subject + Auxiliary + verb in past participle + complement
has have
he
it
she
you
they
I
we
Irregular verbs
Regular verbs just
-ed form as in Played
FUNCTIONS OF PRESENT PERFECT
 When the past events or actions:
1. affect the Present
 The police have arrested the thief (it means the thief is still in
custody)
2. are likely (or possible) to be repeated or happen again
in the future.
 She has been to the beauty parlor. (no reason to think she won’t be
back)
3. occur in an unfinished period of time.
 I have been out only twice this year.
 She has given notice her job this month.
 We haven’t eaten any meat this week.
 You have smoked too much today.
 I have enjoyed the music tonight.
EXPRESSING THE PAST
Past experiences:
 Events
 Actions
Past experiences:
 which DO NOT have…
 consequences
 Effects
 Relevance
WE USE PAST SIMPLE WHEN:
PAST SIMPLE: FORM
Grammatical Structure:
 Subject + verb in past simple form+ complement
Irregular verbs
Regular verbs just
-ed form as in Played
FUNCTIONS OF PAST SIMPLE
 When the past events or actions:
1. Don’t affect the Present
 The police arrested the thief yesterday , but he was released hour
later.
2. are unlikely (or hardly possible) to happen again
or be repeated
 She went to the beauty parlor but she didn’t like it.
3. occur in completed period of time.
 I went out only twice last year.
 She gave her notice last month.
 We didn’t eat any meat last week.
 You smoked too much yesterday.
 I enjoyed the music last night.
INVERSION (INTERROGATIVE FORM)
NEGATION ( NEGATIVE FORM)
 Inversion for Present Perfect (interrogative form)
 (wh) + auxiliary + subject + Verb PP + complements
She has bought a new house. (affirmative form)
a new househas boughtshe ?Where
 Negation for Present Perfect (Negative form)
 + subject + auxiliary + NOT +Verb PP + complements
She has bought a new house. (affirmative form)
a new house.has boughtshe NOT
INVERSION (INTERROGATIVE FORM)
NEGATION ( NEGATIVE FORM)
 Inversion for Past Simple (interrogative form)
 (wh) + auxiliary + subject + Verb inf + complements
She bought a new house. (affirmative form)
a new housedid buyshe ?Where
 Negation for Past Simple (Negative form)
 subject + auxiliary + NOT +Verb Inf + complements
She bought a new house. (affirmative form)
a new house.did buyshe NOT

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Present perfect vs past simple(no)

  • 1. PRESENT PERFECT VS PAST SIMPLE
  • 2. EXPRESSING THE PAST Past experiences:  Events  Actions Past experiences:  which might have…  consequences  Effects  Relevance WE USE PRESENT PERFECT WHEN:
  • 3. PRESENT PERFECT FORM Grammatical Structure:  Subject + Auxiliary + verb in past participle + complement has have he it she you they I we Irregular verbs Regular verbs just -ed form as in Played
  • 4. FUNCTIONS OF PRESENT PERFECT  When the past events or actions: 1. affect the Present  The police have arrested the thief (it means the thief is still in custody) 2. are likely (or possible) to be repeated or happen again in the future.  She has been to the beauty parlor. (no reason to think she won’t be back) 3. occur in an unfinished period of time.  I have been out only twice this year.  She has given notice her job this month.  We haven’t eaten any meat this week.  You have smoked too much today.  I have enjoyed the music tonight.
  • 5. EXPRESSING THE PAST Past experiences:  Events  Actions Past experiences:  which DO NOT have…  consequences  Effects  Relevance WE USE PAST SIMPLE WHEN:
  • 6. PAST SIMPLE: FORM Grammatical Structure:  Subject + verb in past simple form+ complement Irregular verbs Regular verbs just -ed form as in Played
  • 7. FUNCTIONS OF PAST SIMPLE  When the past events or actions: 1. Don’t affect the Present  The police arrested the thief yesterday , but he was released hour later. 2. are unlikely (or hardly possible) to happen again or be repeated  She went to the beauty parlor but she didn’t like it. 3. occur in completed period of time.  I went out only twice last year.  She gave her notice last month.  We didn’t eat any meat last week.  You smoked too much yesterday.  I enjoyed the music last night.
  • 8. INVERSION (INTERROGATIVE FORM) NEGATION ( NEGATIVE FORM)  Inversion for Present Perfect (interrogative form)  (wh) + auxiliary + subject + Verb PP + complements She has bought a new house. (affirmative form) a new househas boughtshe ?Where  Negation for Present Perfect (Negative form)  + subject + auxiliary + NOT +Verb PP + complements She has bought a new house. (affirmative form) a new house.has boughtshe NOT
  • 9. INVERSION (INTERROGATIVE FORM) NEGATION ( NEGATIVE FORM)  Inversion for Past Simple (interrogative form)  (wh) + auxiliary + subject + Verb inf + complements She bought a new house. (affirmative form) a new housedid buyshe ?Where  Negation for Past Simple (Negative form)  subject + auxiliary + NOT +Verb Inf + complements She bought a new house. (affirmative form) a new house.did buyshe NOT