This document outlines an experiment to observe the reaction between acids and carbonates. The aim is to determine the products of the reaction. Equipment listed includes test tubes, measuring cylinders, and samples of hydrochloric acid and various carbonates (calcium, copper, zinc, magnesium). The method involves adding acid to carbonates in a test tube, observing any reactions, and recording results. Discussion questions address the experiment's variables and purpose of using limewater. The conclusion will summarize the results and reactions observed.

1. ACID & CARBONATE
REACTION
YEAR 10 – CHEMICAL REACTION
By S. Choi

2. AIM & HYPOTHESIS
• Aim: To observe the
reaction between acids
and carbonates and
determine the products
of the reaction.
• Hypothesis: Write your
own hypothesis in your
experimental report.

3. EQUIPMENT
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
1 × side arm test tube
1 × large test tube
1 × 150 mL beaker
1 × stopper
1 × 10 mL measuring cylinder
1 × test tube rack
1 × spatula
1 × lime water
1 × hydrochloric acid
1 × calcium carbonate
1 × copper carbonate
1 × zinc carbonate
1 × magnesium carbonate

4. RISK ASSESSMENT
Risk
Injury
Prevention

5. METHOD
1. Place both test tubes in
the test tube rack.
2. Place half spatula of
calcium carbonate in
the side arm test tube.
3. Quarter fill the large
test tube with
limewater.
4. Place the rubber tube
attached to the side arm
test tube INSIDE the
large test tube.

6. METHOD
5. Measure 3 mL of HCl
using the measuring
cylinder and pour it into
the side arm test tube
6. IMMEDIATELY after
pouring the acid into the
side arm test tube, place
the stopper on the test
tube.
7. Record your observations
in the results table.
8. CLEAN both test tubes
and repeat steps 1-7 for
each carbonates.

7. RESULTS
Carbonates
Observations (what did you see, hear, smell?)

8. DISCUSSION
1. What is the independent variable in this
experiment?
2. What is the dependent variable in this experiment?
3. What are the controlled variables in this
experiment?
4. What is the purpose of using limewater?
5. Was the experiment accurate? Why or why not?
6. The common name for calcium carbonate is
marble. What would happen to marble statues when
there is an acid rain?

9. CONCLUSION