The document provides an overview of pneumatic systems, which use compressed air and gas to generate force and movement. It defines pneumatics and compares it to electric systems. It then discusses various pneumatic components like cylinders, valves, actuators and provides diagrams of common components like single-acting cylinders and double-acting cylinders. The document aims to explain the basic understanding and components of pneumatic systems.

1. PNEUMATIC
Understanding the basic of pneumatic
Aditya@poltekom.ac.id

2. Definition
• Pneumatic is a system / tools that is worked
basically using the air pressure / air flow
• Therefore the force / work / displacement
generated based on the general law of air
pressure and flow
• Pneumatic is an actuator using the air
pressure as their source of power

3. Comparison
Pneumatic Electric
Air pressure Power source Electric current
Directional valve Controller component Transistors
Slow Signal delivery Fast
strong Energy conversion Weak

4. Comparison
Pneumatic Electric
Cylinders Motors, linear motor
Directional valve Transistors/contactors
Logic valves Op amps
Button valve Button / switch
Air pressure Battery

6. WORKING ELEMENTS / ACTUATING DEVICES
Single / double acting cylinder

7. SINGLE ACTING CYLINDER
Forcible surface
Spring return
DEpressurized chamber
Pressurized
chamber
Air pressure port Exhaust port /
/ supply port waste port

8. SINGLE ACTING CYLINDER
Forcible surface
Air pressure port
/ supply port

9. DOUBLE ACTING CYLINDER
Forcible surface
Spring return
DEpressurized chamber
Pressurized
chamber
Air pressure port / supply port Air pressure port / supply port
+ Exhaust port / waste port + Exhaust port / waste port

10. DOUBLE ACTING CYLINDER
Forcible surface
Air pressure port / supply port Air pressure port / supply port
+ Exhaust port / waste port + Exhaust port / waste port

11. CONTROL ELEMENTS / ACTUATING DEVICES
Logic Valves / Directional valves

12. Two pressure valve

13. Shuttle valve

14. M/n valves
M : Number of ports
N : Number of direction set / position

15. Valve nomenclature

16. Port designation (ISO-5599-3)

17. Actuation option

18. Actuation option

19. Actuation option

20. Actuation option

21. Non return valves

22. Linear actuators

23. Non return valves

24. Single acting direct actuating

25. Double acting direct actuating

26. Component designation

27. Component designation

28. System circuit diagram