This document provides an overview of hydraulics, including comparisons to other systems like pneumatics and electronics, basic hydraulic principles regarding force and pressure, and descriptions of key hydraulic components such as cylinders, valves, pumps, and control systems. It also includes diagrams of common hydraulic symbols.

1. HYDRAULIC
Understanding the basic of hydraulic
Aditya@poltekom.ac.id

2. Comparison
Pneumatic Electric
Cylinders Motors, linear motor
Directional valve Transistors/contactors
Logic valves Op amps
Button valve Button / switch
Oil pump Battery

3. 1 bar = 1x105 𝑁
𝑚2
1 𝑚𝑚2 = 1x10 −6
𝑚2

4. Hydraulic fluid transmission
Let : F = Force (N)
P = Pressure (N/m2)
A = Area (m2)

5. Hydraulic fluid compensation
Let : S = Displacement(m)
A = Area (m2)

6. HYDRAULIC SYSTEM
Actuator
Directional control Power pack
valve

7. POWER PACK
Power element
Actuators
Directional control valves
Flow control
Pressure control
Measuring unit

8. POWER PACK
Pump

9. POWER PACK
Pump

10. POWER PACK
Pump

11. WORKING ELEMENTS / ACTUATING DEVICES
Single / double acting cylinder

12. WORKING ELEMENTS / ACTUATING DEVICES
Single / double acting cylinder

13. SINGLE ACTING CYLINDER
Forcible surface
waste port
Spring return
Pressurized
chamber
DEpressurized chamber
supply port

14. SINGLE ACTING CYLINDER
Spring return
Forcible surface
waste port
Pressurized
DEpressurized chamber chamber
supply port

15. DOUBLE ACTING CYLINDER
waste
supply port Forcible surface
port
DEpressurized chamber

16. DOUBLE ACTING CYLINDER
supply
waste port Forcible surface
port
DEpressurized chamber

17. DOUBLE ROD CYLINDER
waste port supply
Forcible surface
port
DEpressurized chamber

18. Cylinders

19. Linear actuators

20. Linear actuators

21. CONTROL ELEMENTS / ACTUATING DEVICES
Directional valves

22. CONTROL ELEMENTS / ACTUATING DEVICES
Directional valves

23. CONTROL ELEMENTS / ACTUATING DEVICES
Directional valves

24. CONTROL ELEMENTS / ACTUATING DEVICES
Directional valves

25. CONTROL ELEMENTS / ACTUATING DEVICES
Directional valves

26. CONTROL ELEMENTS / ACTUATING DEVICES
Directional valves

27. CONTROL ELEMENTS / ACTUATING DEVICES
Directional valves

28. Actuation option

29. Actuation option

30. Actuation option

31. Valve nomenclature

32. One way flow control valve

33. One way flow control valve

34. One way flow control valve

35. Shutoff valve

36. Check valve / no return valve

37. Check valve / no return valve

38. Check valve / no return valve

39. 3 way pressure regulation valve

40. 3 way pressure regulation valve

41. 3 way pressure regulation valve

42. DRAWING SYMBOLS
ISO 1219-2

43. SYMBOLS
Pump
Power line
Control line
Branches
By pass

44. SYMBOLS
Container
Filter

45. SYMBOLS
Fixed Adjustable
1 way
motor
2 way
motor

46. SYMBOLS
Single acting cylinder

47. SYMBOLS
Double acting cylinder

48. SYMBOLS
Valve name Initial position Symbol

49. SYMBOLS
Valve name Initial position Symbol

50. SYMBOLS
Valve name Initial position Symbol

51. SYMBOLS
Pressure reliev
valve/pressure limiter valve
2 way Pressure regulator
P-A-T
3 way Pressure regulator
P-T

52. SYMBOLS
Fixed Adjustable

53. SYMBOLS
Check valve
Check valve spring loaded

54. SYMBOLS
Manometer

55. Component designation

56. System circuit diagram