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Mobile crane
This document provides an overview of mobile crane regulations around the world. It discusses the parts of mobile cranes including the chassis/base, upperworks, swing mechanism, and parameters considered for safe operation. Load charts and duty charts are described which specify the rated capacity of cranes under different configurations. Factors that influence safe working like ground conditions, wind, electricity hazards and multi-crane lifts are also covered.
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Mobile crane
- 1. MOBILE CRANE RAW REGULATIONSAROUND THE WORLD
- 2. MOBILE CRANE INDEX • PARTSOF MOBILE CRANE -CHASSIS OR BASE Truck mounted Yard Crane/Low Headroom Wheeled rough crane Wheeled all terrain crane Crawler cranen Travel on a railroad track Special Base DIMENSIONS OUTRIGGERS LEVEL -SWING MECHANISM -UPPERWORKS OR SUPERSTRUCTURE Boom Fly jib Hook Wedge sockets Sheaves-blocks Sheaves Hoist drum-wich head Cab Counterweight • PARAMETERS OF LOADS • LINEAR PARAMETERS OF CRANES • MOTIONS AND SPEEDS • TOTAL LOAD IN CHART • DUTY CHARTS • LOAD RATING CHART • WORKING SAFE WITH CRANE Location site-size, ground conditions, level Lift & Carry- Free on wheels-VER ESTO NO SEEEE Lateral efforts .Verticalization & dragging of loads Increase in the radius of load Overload or impact---Impact on the boom Wind Electricity Special cases • SIGNAL • SELECTION OF CRANES • LIFTING ACCESSORIES
- 3. HOIST MECHANISM JIB BOOM SHEAVES LOAD BLOCKS HOOK ROPE COUNTERWEIGHT WINCH CAB UPPERWORKS OR SUPERSTRUCTURE PARTSOF MOBILE CRANE SWING MECHANISM TRAVEL MECHANISM CHASSIS OR BASE
- 4. CHASSIS/BASE (MOUNTING) Truck mounted YardCrane/Low Headroom Wheeled rough Wheeled all terrain Crawler Travel on a railroad track Special Base
- 5. Travels on publichighways at normal road speed, meets road traffic regulations BASE-Truck Mounted Crane
- 6. Designed for levelground, hard. Packed or within factories. Short chassis. Possibly fitted with outriggers/stabilisers.Travel with suspended loads.One cab - driven and operated, limited vision BASE-Yard Crane/Low Headroom
- 7. BASE-Terrain Rough Off road,large balloon tyres,slow moving,highly manoeuvrable
- 8. BASE-All Terrain Crane Hybrid- truck and rough terrain, fast on public highways, most models all axle drive and steer, therefore highly manoeuvrable, traverses uneven ground
- 9. Used on siteswith poor ground bearing pressure, which often proves to be unsuitable for wheeled cranes. Crane is transported to site in parts. Erection and dismantling May require an auxiliary crane. Requires large area for erection especially for long Boom configurations and transportation. BASE- Crawler Crane
- 10. BASE-Travel on arailroad track LOCOMOTIVE CRANE
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- 12. BASE-Dimensions Base-traveling CRANE CARRIER-undercarriage Axes horizontaland vertical (Bogie)
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- 17. BASE-Outriggers -Fully, part extended- controlled loadings -360 or over sides and rear as set by the manufacturer partial/fully extended
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- 20. Slewing motion-should beat least 0.5 m around. SWING MECHANISM
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- 22. BOOM TYPES 1..TELESCOPIC 2.LATTICE3.LUFFER BOOM
- 23. FLY JIB FLY JIBTYPES 1.RECLINING/FOLDING= JIB OFFSET 2.FIXED(PERMANET)
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- 26. HOOK All be labeledwith their rated capacity and weight. All hook be equiped with latches
- 27. SECURITY SYSTEMS: Indicator/limiter(RCI/L) –(MAX. LIFTING OF LOAD WHIT THIS CONFIGURATION) Anti-two Block (Over-hoist Limit switch) Safety catch(es) HOOK RCI Anti-two Block
- 28. ANTI-TWO BLOCK (OVER-HOISTLIMIT SWITCH) HOOK
- 29. Most common methodof terminating ropes on cranes. All parts must match in size. Measure rope diameter to ensure proper size. WEDGE SOCKETS
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- 31. Damage. Size of ropeused. Guards Lubrication SHEAVES
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- 33. COUNTERWEIGHT SUPERLIFT Sobre ruedas, estructuragiratoria, pluma de celosía y equipo especial
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- 36. PARAMETERS OF LOADS PARAMETERSOF LOADS LOAD MOMENT - M = LxQ LOAD TIPPING MOMENT- Ma=AxQ DESIGN MASS (no ballast, liquid) TOTAL MASS
- 37. PARAMETERS OF LOADS Mload=Mq=AxQload Mcrane=Mc=La x Qcrane ESTABILITY- Ml = Mc Mc = 100 TN x 4m = 400 TNxm Mq= 20 TN x ¿? =------ Mc 20 TN x ¿? = 400 TNxm, ¿? = 400 TNxm/20TN = 20 m MAXIMUM RADIUS TO HAVE ESTABILITY
- 38. LINEAR PARAMETERS OFCRANE PARAMETERS OF CRANES RADIUS OUTREACH TO TIPPING AXIS-A TAIL RADIUS LOAD-LIFTING HEIGHT-H LOAD LOWERING HEIGHT-h LIFTING RANGE-D BASE ON OUTRIGGERS -Bo DISTANCE BETWEEN OUTRIGGERS -Ko GRADIENT i = h/B GRADEABILITY j= h/B % SUPPORT CONTOUR TRACK CURVATURE RADIUS Rk MINIMUM TURNING RADIUS-R CRANE CLEARANCE LINE BOOM ANGLE JIB ANGLE Tail radius
- 39. MOTIONS AND SPEEDS MOTIONS LIFTING(LOWERING)OF LOAD PRECISION LOAD LOWERING DERRICKING (LUFFING) CHANGE IN RADIUS (like Vr) SPEEDS OF WORKING MOTIONS LOAD LIFTING (LOWERING)SPEED Vn PRECISION LOAD LOWERING SPEED Vm SLEWING SPEED w TRAVELLING SPEED Vk DERRICKING SPEED Vr DERRICKING TIME TRANSPORT (ROAD)SPEED Sobre ruedas, desplazamiento rápido, de estructura giratoria y pluma telescópica Sobre ruedas, todo terreno, de estructura giratoria y pluma telescópica Vn Vm Vk W Vr Derriking (luffing) Vn Vm Vr Vo
- 40. TOTAL LOAD INCHART
- 41. • Legal requirement •Source of basic information • Configurations • Duties • Structural strength • Critical boom angle • Practical working • 75% (85%) capacity for tipping/structural strength • 100% of safe working load • Test conditions • Safety factors DUTY CHARTS
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- 47. LOAD RATING CHART Diagramwith the reaches
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- 50. WORK SAFE WITHCRANE Location site-size, ground conditions, level Lift & Carry- on wheels Lateral efforts .Verticalization & dragging of loads Increase in the radius of load Overload or impact---Impact on the boom Wind Electricity Special cases
- 51. Location site- size,ground conditions Crane 600 mm clearance any obstacle.
- 52. h B2 B1 Uneven ground orsoft: 2 x depth of wall B2 = 2 x h Hard ground : 1 x depth of wall B1 = 1 x h Location site- ground conditons
- 53. Location site- level Tilt Boom length Radius Increas e radius 1º30 m 15 m 0.42 m 1º 42 m 20 m 0.64 m 2º 30 m 15 m 0.9 m 3º 30 m 15 m 1.34 m 4º 30 m 15 m 1.77 m 5º 30 m 15 m 2.21 m 5º 42 m 20 m 3.14 m
- 54. Lift & Carry-on wheels Free On Wheels: -On rubber, 360 degree, static only -Pinned to rear of crane -Shortest boom (Restricted jib length) -Creep speed -Firm level ground -Axle locks -Tyre pressures
- 55. Lateral efforts . Verticalization& dragging of loads Sharp turns Dragging loads
- 56. Increase in theradius of load
- 57. Enough distance Overload orimpact---Impact on the boom
- 58. Out-of service 47-52km/h Extremaly careful 30-40 km/h (8,33-11,11 m/s) Manufacturer’s recomendations WIND
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- 60. No Lifting equipmentshould be closer than: 15m to overhead power lines suspended from steel towers 9m to overhead lines supported on wooden poles ELECTRICITY
- 61. WORK WITH MORETHAN ONE CRANE: QCRANE 1 = (A2 x Q) / L = (2 m x 100 TN )/4 m = 50 TN QCRANE 2 = (A1 x Q )/L = (2 m x 100 TN )/4 m = 50 TN L= distance between crane-hook-cg/ between support CRANE 2 SUPPORT BEAM SO NOW IT IS BETWEEN CRANE 1 AND BEAN SUPPORT QCRANE1 = (A2 x Q) / L = (8 m x 100 TN )/8 m = 80 TN QSUPPORT = (A1 x Q )/L = (2 m x 100 TN )/10 m = 20 TN SPECIAL CASES A2A1 L A2A1 L
- 62. SPECIAL CASES GRABBING ANDMAGNET CRANE PILLING OPERATIONS (2 m) DEMOLITION AND BALLING OPERATIONS LIFTING PERSONS DYNAMIC COMPACTION
- 63. SIGNALS HOIST LOAD LOWER LOAD RAISEBOOM LOWER BOOM HOIST LOAD SLOWLY RAISE BOOM AND LOWER LOAD LOWER BOOM AND RAISE LOAD SWING LOAD IN DIRECTION FINGER POINTS STOP DOG EVERYTHING EXTEND BOOM RETRACT BOOMUSE MAIN HOIST USE WHIPLINE (AUXILIARY HOIST) STOP
- 64. • Points tobe considered: – weights, dimensions and characteristics of loads – operational speeds, radii, heights of lift and areas of movement – number, frequency and types of lifting operations – length of time on site – site, ground and environmental or site and building restrictions – space available for crane access, erection, travelling operations and dismantling – special requirements or limitations – costs - not at expense of safety SELECTION OF CRANES
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